In modern glazing, there is always such a structural element as a double-glazed window. This is a glass structure, in the inter-glass space of which there is air (sometimes inert gases). The retaining element is an aluminum frame (sometimes plastic or duralumin) with a sealant around the contour.
Insulating glass production
Production of double-glazed windows is a labor-intensive process, which is attended by trained, qualified personnel. At the first stage, an application is received from the client, then it is processed, and the price for the order is set. After that, the manager sends an order by mail to the client with a price for confirmation. If the order is confirmed, a technician starts working and creates a production order.
In production, first of all, having received the task, the management personnel distribute it between two procurement sections: the frame preparation section, the glass cutting section. On the first,according to the task, the aluminum frame is sawn and assembled to size, it is also possible to make a bend on special equipment. At the cutting section, sheet glass with a size of 60003210 mm is cut into certain blanks. These blanks are installed on harp-shaped pyramids or on transport pyramids, if the task contains double-glazed windows of standard sizes.
After the glass and frame are fed to the assembly line, where butyl is applied to the frame, and it is glued to the glass, which has been washed and cleaned of foreign matter, with an indent of 4 mm from the edge. This is done in order to leave room for pouring sealant. Glass with a glued frame enters a special press, where it is crimped according to the declared thickness of the double-glazed window.
After crimping, the process of pouring the secondary layer takes place, its thickness must be at least 5 mm. The pouring process is carried out both on manual extruders and on robotic equipment. The edges should be neatly rolled up, there should be no air gaps or gaps between the primary and secondary layers. This can be seen in the photo. What standard sizes of a double-glazed window exist are usually listed by managers when accepting an order. The client only chooses the appropriate option.
Single glazing
Single-chamber double-glazed windows consist of two glasses, have one air chamber. Glasses are separated by an aluminum or plastic frame, very rarely and on special orders they use a decorative frame of foreign production. It is produced mainly in Germany or Italy. Double-glazed windows with a special frame are used in private glazing, since they are foreign-made, the cost of such products is very high.
Use of single-chamber double-glazed windows
Double-glazed windows with one chamber are used in glazing of premises where increased sound insulation and reduced heat transfer are not required. And to save money, products with energy-saving or multifunctional glass are sometimes used. These models reduce heat transfer and light transmission. The thickness of standard double-glazed windows can be varied - 24 mm, 32 mm.
Double glazing
A double-glazed window consisting of two chambers is called a double-glazed unit. It has three panes separated by an aluminum and plastic frame. As in the single-chamber package, a special decorative frame is used on special order.
Use of double glazing
Two-chamber models are used in most cases in private glazing, where increased sound insulation and reduced heat transfer are required. According to modern requirements of building codes, only two-chamber models are installed. Just as in single-chamber glass, sometimes coated glass is used, both soft and hard. Standard sizes of double-glazed windows are 1300600 mm and 1200500 mm. Standard thickness - 32mm, 40mm.
Insulating glass components
In the production of double-glazed windows, a special adsorbent is used for the aluminum frame, which works as a desiccant. This adsorbent ismolecular sieve. When interacting with moist air, it absorbs the maximum possible amount of water vapor and does not give them back to the double-glazed window chamber. For double-glazed windows of standard sizes, they usually fall asleep on one short and long side.
Butyl sealant is the main primary sealing layer. Butyl is heated to a temperature of 130 ° C, depending on the brand, then applied under pressure on a special machine to the edge of the frame. After pressing, the butyl layer is crushed, for standard sizes of double-glazed windows it should be 4 mm.
The secondary sealing layer completely closes the double-glazed window from arbitrary penetration into the external environment. For the secondary layer, a polysulfide sealant is often used. It consists of white and black components, which, when mixed 1:10, crystallize into rubber during the reaction. For facade glazing, silicone sealant is used, it has an increased resistance to environmental influences. The approximate warranty for silicone sealant is 25 years, and for polysulfide sealant - only 5 years.
Under the action of ultraviolet radiation, the polysulfide is destroyed, which can lead to depressurization of the double-glazed window.
Decorative layout
Sometimes a special decorative layout is used to decorate double-glazed windows. It is inserted into a frame and is a structure made of a painted profile, used mainly for private glazing. Use white, white-brown, brown, gold colors. Rarely, on special orders, the manufacturer paints profiles in another exclusive color.
