As soon as society began to stratify according to property characteristics, locking devices immediately appeared, designed to preserve property. Technology has improved over time, as well as the locking devices of past centuries are completely different from modern locks.
The main purpose of any lock is to lock and protect real and movable property.
Door locks
All locks for locking doors, both interior and entrance, are classified according to several criteria.
By installation method:
- mounted;
- invoices;
- mortise.
According to the type of lock device, secrecy:
- magnetic, or electronic, having a special drive;
- cylinder or popularly "English", has pins that do not allow it to be cracked;
- code codes that open when a certain combination of numbers is dialed;
- lever, the number of teeth on the key is equal to the number of levers in the mechanism of the locking device.
By opening method they are divided into:
- universal, that is, they can be usedfor left and right hand doors;
- left;
- right.
It is recommended that mortise and rim locks should never be reversed if they are not properly fitted. In this case, the manufacturer does not guarantee the normal functioning of the locking device, especially for a long time.
In addition, locks can use the same type of secrecy mechanism or a combination.
You can buy a lock-beam, this is a kind of overhead device. The lock has two bolts that move across the entire width of the door.
Lock mechanism device
Absolutely all locks have the following details:
- fixation device;
- valve;
- constipation box;
- the key that moves the bolt.
Rim lock device
The overhead lock was invented a long time ago and at first was a simple deadbolt, but over time it has undergone multiple changes. The locking mechanism of this device can be lever or latch type.
Distinguish between the invoice lock according to the device of the mechanism:
- with or without latch;
- type of privacy mechanism;
- with special features.
All rim locks include:
- bar, reciprocal and front;
- drive lever;
- case with mechanism.
According to user reviews, the main advantage of a padlock is durability and low cost. Installation workalmost never cause any problems.
mortise lock
The mortise lock mechanism is very similar to the overhead lock mechanism. Such locks are most often found on the front doors. For steel doors, only mortise locking mechanisms are used. Such locks are completely invisible, but weaken the place where they are mounted. The installation of mortise locks should be carried out by a specialist, or it is recommended to buy a door leaf with an already embedded locking device.
Padlocks
The mention of padlocks was found in the writings of Ancient China. The principle of operation of such a device is very simple. The lock is most often used to lock garages, barns and other outbuildings.
The padlock device can be lever, disk, cylinder, screw and even with a code mechanism. Of no small importance for the reliability of the padlock is the shackle, it is they who break it when they try to get inside the room. The shackle can be forged or steel bar. The shape of the temples are round and flat, flexible.
It cannot be said that the padlock device is very reliable. Often such locks are knocked down. You can solve this problem if you choose a lock with a steel shackle and body. It is not recommended to purchase aluminum locks, they are the easiest to knock down. Locks with a locking finger, rather than with a shackle, are more secure, since the eyes in this case are additionally protected.
Rules for choosing locks for front doors
Before buying a lock, always pay attention to the burglary resistance class. There are 4 classes that characterize the time during which a lock can be opened by a burglar. The higher the grade, the longer it will take to open. The longest time it can take to open a lock is 30 minutes.
Naturally, you should pay attention to the type of locking mechanism. "English" locks have the highest degree of secrecy, although to open such a lock you only need to knock out a larva. Therefore, when purchasing such locks, it is recommended to supplement the door with an armored lining.
The reliability of a lever lock depends on the number of plates, or levers, and on the type of material from which they are made. The downside of such a lock is a large key and the more beards on it, the more voluminous it is. In home use, such locks are not very convenient, as they are closed and opened from both sides exclusively with a key. Lever locks are mainly used on a par with padlocks, for locking technical rooms.
Combined locks are very popular. This is a two-cylinder, cylinder-lever or two-lever mechanism. One system blocks the other. A combination lock may have a "secret", that is, a replaceable mechanism. But, such locks are quite expensive and require almost "jewelry" skill to install.
To protect yourself as much as possible, it is recommended to use several devices at once, with different principles of operation. Notyou should pay attention to the cheapest models of locks and consider offers from unknown manufacturers of locking devices.
Car door locks
Locks for front doors are different from locking mechanisms for cars, which are responsible for not only the safety of property.
First of all, if the car has a side impact, the lock must ensure the transfer and dissipation of forces from the door itself to the body. The lock on the car should have a pleasant sound when opening and closing. It is necessary that there be a tactile sensation at the moment the door handle is opened.
The car lock is just a part of the whole car's locking system. The system combines the lock of the hood, trunk, fuel tank and glove box.
The car door lock device consists of mechanical and electrical parts. The mechanical part is responsible for closing and opening constipation. The electronic part is a whole complex of various systems responsible for the operation of the mechanical part of the lock, remote control and intelligent access.
Most car locks have a similar mechanical design
- Locking mechanism. Includes locking pawl and engages latch. The pawl fixes the latch with a locking recess. The pawl has two locking notches, one of which exists only for safety. If the door is not completely closed and the rotary latch does not reach the latch, then the door, thanks to the additional recess, will stillwill close.
- Power door closer. Such a mechanism is found exclusively in executive class car models. First of all, the power closer always closes the door tightly and contributes to achieving acoustic comfort at the moment of opening and closing the door.
- Lever mechanism. It is this mechanism that is responsible for the opening function. The force applied to the door handle is transferred to a lever mechanism that unlocks the locking pawl, releasing the rotary latch. After the door is opened, the locking mechanism returns to its original position.
- Locking mechanism. The whole process of the mechanism comes down to just deactivating the lever mechanism.
The locking mechanism can be:
- Mechanical. In this case, the locking mechanism is connected to the drive, and the door is locked and unlocked using a physical key.
- Electromechanical. In this case, the electric motor is combined with a worm gear, and the drive itself is built into the body of the door lock.
It is the electric motor that is the actuator in the central locking system.
Many cars today are equipped with a double locking lock, which allows you to block the internal and external door drive. At the same time, the trunk lock device, the doors can work autonomously.
Ignition switch
Not so long ago, no vehicle had ignition locks. The engine was started with a conventional rotary key, actually manually. Today, the key replaced the starter, whichcranks the engine over the flywheel and flat toothed disc. The disc itself is located between the engine and the clutch. After starting the engine, the teeth of the flywheel and starter come into engagement. At the same time, the engine spins up. It is the ignition switch that is responsible for supplying direct current from the battery to the starter relay. This is the general principle of the ignition lock device.
Besides supplying power, the ignition switch prevents the battery from being discharged when the vehicle is stationary, parked.
There are several reasons why the ignition switch needs to be replaced:
- loss of the key to the lock by the owner of the vehicle;
- burnout of the contact group;
- breakage of the anti-theft device.
The ignition lock mechanism, like a car door lock, has two parts, electronic and mechanical, as well as a cable cable and a terminal.
