Many people think that putting a lock is an easy task that does not require much effort. But there are some nuances that should be taken into account. For example, what kind of locks are there and which manufacturer is better to prefer? What tools are needed and how to install an interior lock? This article is designed to answer these and other questions.
Classification of door locks
A lock is a locking device used to lock doors, cars, safes, etc. The modern market offers a large selection of these mechanisms.
Classify locks by installation method, by locking method, by security level, by the structure of the secret mechanism and by the method of closing.
According to the method of mounting the lock on the door:
- Mounted (popularly they are also called "granary"). These are usually used to lock utility rooms such as a barn, garage, etc.
- Invoices. Such locks were very common in Soviet times. They seem to be superimposed on the door, while not violating the integrity of the canvas.
- Mortise. These locks are often used for metal doors.
- Insert. This is a relatively new lock mechanism. ByThe principle is similar to mortise locks. It differs in that they do not have a fastening bar, and the lock itself seems to be inserted during the production of the door.
By locking method:
- Mechanical. These locks are opened with keys. It is mechanical locking devices that are placed in metal doors. The advantage of such locks is that they do not depend on the supply of current.
- Electromechanical. Such locks are most often installed on doors that must be opened and closed frequently. For example, on the entrance doors. Such locks are opened using a code, card, keychain, etc.
- Electromagnetic. These locks can be opened in the same way as electromechanical ones. And the principle of operation is similar to electromechanical, only instead of crossbars, a very strong magnet serves as a locking device. The main disadvantage is that the magnet does not work without current.
The level of security of a lock depends on how quickly it can be picked. Based on this, castles are divided into four classes:
- First class - low security locks, very easy to pick. Basically, these are interior door locks.
- Second class - locks with a normal level of security. It takes up to 5 minutes to open such a lock. Such locking devices are best paired with another one, but of a higher class, or add another door.
- Third class - locks with a high level of security. The required time for hacking is about 10 minutes. These locks are also best installed in pairs for greater security.
- Fourth class - locks with a high level of security. To open such a lock, a professional bugbear spends up to 30 minutes.
On the structure of the secret mechanism:
- Cylinder ("English"). This is the most common type. Such a lock is considered quite complex and highly reliable. From the name it is clear that the secret itself lies in the shape of a cylinder. The principle of operation is that the so-called pins are placed inside the secret, and on the keys there are recesses that interact with the pins. If at least one element of the combination does not match, then the lock cannot be opened. In the event of a breakdown, only the cylinder can be replaced.
- Leveled. This is a classic lock mechanism. The secret of such a lock is several code plates (suvald), each of which has several different slots. The more such plates in the secret mechanism, the higher the reliability of the lock. Lever locks are considered the most burglary-resistant.
- Crossbar (rack). These locks are easy to pick. They are one or more crossbars that can be opened by pressing a threaded key.
- Electronic. To open such a lock, you need to know the key combination. A quality closing device will work even when the current is turned off. Poorly tolerate water, frost, voltage changes.
- Code codes. They are mainly used for entrances of residential buildings, as well as for safes and briefcases. Possess a low security class, as it is easy to pick updesired combination.
Classification by closing method:
- left;
- right;
- universal.
Popular brands of locks
As in any other market segment, there are manufacturers who are very conscientious about their products. Products of such brands are distinguished by reliability and long service life.
Slovenian company Titan manufactures inexpensive high quality locks. They mainly produce locks for front doors.
The Turkish manufacturer Kale is quite famous in the domestic market. The products are of low price and excellent quality. The company offers a wide range of different types of locks and accessories.
The German company Abus has been operating since 1924 and is known in many countries for its innovative technologies. Has a wide range of locks and armor plates for them.
The Italian company Mottura has been presenting its products for more than half a century. The main specialization is locks and accessories for them. ISO-certified through control at every stage of production.
Israeli lock manufacturer Mul-t-lock started in 1973. The locks are highly secure and are considered among the best on the world market.
The Italian company "Cisa" (Cisa) has been on the market for almost a century. During this time, it has become a world leader in the production of various security systems and locks. AllThe products are certified and meet all quality standards. It has a very large assortment, which includes more than 30,000 items.
Tools needed to install the lock
First you need to choose the right tool:
- roulette;
- pencil;
- drill (can be replaced with a screwdriver if there is a "drill" function);
- screwdriver;
- hammer;
- set of crowns (or drills);
- chisel;
- stationary knife.
When all the tools are prepared, you need to determine how to put the lock on the door.
Installing an interior lock
Putting a lock is not difficult, the main thing is to follow the sequence of actions. But you need to be extremely careful, since the tie-in is an irreversible process.
So, the algorithm for setting the interior lock is as follows:
- Need to decide on the sequence of work.
- Mark where you want to put the lock. To do this, it is recommended to simulate an attempt to open the door to all households. And already on this information to choose the best option. Usually it is 90-110 cm.
- When everything is decided with the height, it is necessary to mark it on both sides of the door and on its end.
- Now we measure the distance from the visible part of the locking device to the hole where the pin will be installed, which drives the mechanism.
- The obtained parameters should also be noted at the selected height, both on both sides of the door and at its end.
- Nextwe select the desired crown (often they are included) and drill the grooves. If you need to select the crown yourself, then its diameter should be such that the groove is eventually blocked by the outer part of the locking device, but at the same time all the internal elements easily fit into it.
- Cut a hole in the end. To do this, you need to place a crown of the desired diameter (selected according to the same principle as before).
- To prevent the lock from touching the door frame, you need to make a small recess. This is done in such a way that the visible part of the lock is inserted flush with the door end.
- Such a recess is made as follows: put a lock into the already cut hole, circle it with a pencil, and then circle it with a clerical knife. We pull out the locking device and along the contour with the help of a chisel we make a pot of such a width that the outer part of the lock does not cling to the door frame.
- Insert the lock into the holes made and mark the places for the screws. We drill with a drill half the diameter of the screw.
- Making a counter hole in the door frame. To do this, insert the lock, turn the key or the lock mechanism so that the "tongue" is visible, and mark its position on the box.
- Now you need to drill a hole for the release of the tongue (bolt) to the desired depth. We circle the reciprocal bar with a pencil and make a small indentation so that the reciprocal bar in the end does not interfere with the closing of the door. We remove excess materials with a chisel and fix the bar.
- Insert the lock, fix everything with screws. AtIf necessary, you can install decorative overlays.
Installing a lock in metal doors
Usually, the lock in metal doors is already installed, the consumer does not need to install it himself. But there are situations when the lock needs to be replaced. To install a lock in a metal door, you need the right tools and professional skills. To the list of tools you need to add a grinder and a set of disks for it, a set of files.
The phased work is similar to that of installing locks in interior doors. The desired height is determined. Next, a lock is applied to the door in order to make an outline, as well as mark the placement of the handle and hole. Maximum precision required. Marking is also necessary for a seat for a lock, planks, places for screws. Now the cut is made, and then the lock is installed.
Despite the seeming ease of work, in fact, this is a rather time-consuming process that is best left to a professional.
Car central locking
Central locking (CL) is a system for locking or unlocking all doors, including the fuel tank hatch and trunk lock. This is an auxiliary system related to vehicle comfort systems.
Door locking has two ways of implementation: centralized and decentralized.
In the first case, there is only one block, thanks to which all doors are controlled. Bigthe second method gained popularity. The essence of decentralized control is that each door has its own control unit, the operation of which is coordinated with the operation of the central system.
The central locking mechanism consists of:
- Input sensors. These are limit switches and microswitches (mikrik). The task of the limit switch is to track the position of the lock and transmit this information to the control unit. The task of the mikriks is to track the positions of the remaining elements.
- Control unit. We can say that this is the "brain" of the central lock. It is he who analyzes the signals that come in according to a certain algorithm.
- Actuators (actuators). Essentially, actuators are electrical drives that run on direct current.
The central locking device can be operated with the engine on or off. The principle of operation is that when the ignition key is turned, a signal is transmitted to the control unit. There, this information is processed, and if the locks are in the "open" position, they are automatically closed.
How to install the central lock
In order to install the central lock, you will need a few hours of free time and some tools:
- screwdrivers;
- pliers;
- screwdriver;
- self-tapping screws;
- fasteners.
First of all, disconnect the negative battery cable. Next, you need to remove the trim from the doors and decide on the installation location of the locking mechanism.
Actuators must in no way interfere with the operation of the power windows and the installation of the trim.
You need to install the mounting device and fix the actuator. Next, we check the operation of the button that closes the door. The button pull should be light and should not have any difficulty.
The next step is to lay the cable and secure it to the door. For this, it is desirable to use plastic clamps. They are needed in order to secure the wires.
Now you need to install the control unit. Install it under the dashboard of the car. First of all, the wire is passed under the front panel to the driver's door, then under the threshold lining, it is pulled to the rear door on the left. In exactly the same way, they stretch to the front and rear doors on the right. When the cables are laid, they are connected to the drives.
It remains to connect the battery wire, assemble the door trim in the opposite direction and check the operation of the newly installed central lock.
Conclusion
Choosing a lock for a door is a very responsible matter. The safety of the property depends on this. It is not enough to know which lock to put in, you also need to be able to install it. In this case, you do not have to worry about the security of your home or the correct operation of the car lock.
