Probably, no room can be imagined without doors. It is an integral part of any building, which serves to block the opening, which is used for entry and exit. It should be noted that the dimensions of the opening are selected strictly according to the dimensions of the door itself. A block is used as the basis for any door leaf. This is a kind of box on which the canvas is hung. Today, different types of door blocks are used. And today we will consider by what criteria they differ and how to properly install.
Varieties
Door blocks are divided by:
- Destination (there are internal and external).
- Material (distinguish between metal, wood, PVC blocks or veneered). The first type is usually chosen as the outer one. But the internal ones are most often made of wood.
- The number of wings (single and double doors). The first type is the most popular. The second is usually installedwhen entering a hall or other large area.
- Enclosing functions (glazed and deaf). The first type is often installed in small rooms. Bivalves are found in large halls and living rooms.
When it comes to outdoor units, they have special requirements. Thus, these structures must be durable and provide high heat-shielding characteristics. To comply with these data, many manufacturers make such doors deaf, with additional insulation.
Sizes
This characteristic is determined by building projects. There are also standardized block sizes:
- For exterior doors: 2.1 x 1.2 x 0.9 meters.
- For internal - from 2.1 x 0.7 to 2.1 x 1.6 meters.
An important characteristic of doors is thermal protection and sound insulation. This issue should be given special attention when buying. The door leaf itself is a movable part of the door and is often made of hardwood. Hinges are made of brass or steel. Experts do not recommend purchasing budget options, as they do not have proper heat and noise insulation, and also have unreliable locks.
Requirements for installing a door unit
This information is regulated in SNiP and contains the following requirements:
- The overlap of the platbands on the wall should be at least two centimeters.
- The maximum vertical deviation of the door frame is 30 millimeters.
- Vertical bars are fixed in at least two places with an interval of up to 100 centimeters.
- Handles are attached at the same level.
- The maximum gap between the door leaf and the floor is 5 millimeters for interior and 12 for the toilet and bathroom.
- There should be a gap of 15 to 20 centimeters between the floor covering and the bottom edge of the door.
- The installed door should not have a creak.
- The canvas is set strictly vertically.
- The unit is mounted on pre-aligned walls.
After installation, the correct installation of the structure is always checked. The block must have a geometrically correct shape. The slightest distortions are excluded. This can later create trouble during operation.
Installation technology
Installation of the door block includes several steps:
- Preparing the opening and assembling the box.
- Trying on canvas.
- Installation of hinges, boxes.
- Inset lock.
- Installation of expanders.
- Installation of platbands.
Recommendations
To ensure that the installed wooden or metal door block does not cause inconvenience, it is important to follow the recommendations of experts:
- You need to purchase the structure in advance (about a week before its installation).
- When choosing, you need to consider the size of the doorway.
- The canvas should be about seven centimeters narrower than the doorway.
- After purchasedesigns (for wood products) you need to leave it in the room for a couple of days.
- Installation should be carried out after all repair and finishing work in the room.
- Don't keep the canvas next to radiators in winter to dry quickly.
Preparatory work
So how are exterior door units installed? First you need to carry out a number of preparatory activities. At the first stage, you need to put the canvas in a vertical position and mark the fixation of the loops, as well as the lock. We make a mark for the latter at a height of 90 centimeters from the floor.
As for the hinges, they are attached to the door block at a distance of 20 centimeters from the bottom and top edges of the door. Next, the loops are applied and a place for milling is marked. After that, the excess is removed with a chisel. Then hinges are applied and holes for self-tapping screws are drilled. Apply a vertical stand to the canvas. This is done in such a way that there is a gap of two to three millimeters. After that, the area for fixing the tongue of the loops is marked.
Building
How to assemble the door block? This operation is performed in several stages:
- First, vertical racks are measured. If necessary, they need to be trimmed.
- Lay two slats of wood under the racks for the entire length of the canvas. This is necessary so as not to damage the box.
- Next, a horizontal bar is applied to the uprights. With a hammerdocking points are tapped.
- Using a screwdriver, the door block is finally fixed. Construction screws are screwed into the corner joints.
How to fix additional elements?
Slats should be used as extensions. It is important that they are the same shade as the door leaf. The recommended thickness of the elements is from 8 to 12 millimeters.
Here's how to fix extras step by step:
- With the help of a chisel in the box, quarters of 8 x 8 or 10 x 10 millimeters are selected.
- All operations are done along the outer contour of the box.
- Cut off the vertical and horizontal trim strip.
- The box is mounted and fixed in place.
- Additional bars are set in the quarter.
- The planks are fixed with dowels to the slope.
What's next?
The work doesn't stop there. Door block installation continues:
- The block is mounted in the opening. It needs to be wedged from the back of the canvas.
- The loops are aligned in level.
- The areas of drilling of the opening are marked.
- The door block is removed from the opening, and holes for dowels are drilled in it. The latter are further hammered deeper.
- Then the door block is installed in the opening.
- We need to wedge it and level it.
- Fixation is made with self-tapping screws.
- Installed pads, latches, cylinders, doorhandles and toilet wraps (if any).
- Checking the quality of the opening.
- Measurement of the mounting area of the reciprocal part of the lock. A reciprocal bar is drilled under it. The latter is fixed with self-tapping screws.
- Slopes are wetted with a sprayer and the block is insulated with mounting foam.
- After a day, spacers are removed and excess foam is removed. This can be done with a utility knife.
- Checking the quality of opening and closing the door. It is important that there are no distortions. Any defects are best eliminated immediately, before the start of operation of the structure.
- Technological holes are closed with decorative plugs (usually included).
- Cashers are being installed.
Conclusion
So, we found out what types of door blocks are (it is better to choose metal ones as external ones) and how to install them. Installation is quite possible to do it yourself. This will take about two days, taking into account the curing of the foam.
