It's no secret for amateur gardeners that plants from warm countries have been registered on their plots. But despite the fact that breeders are making efforts to develop varieties of sweet cherries that are resistant to frost, this fruit tree is only occasionally found in Russian gardens. In total, there are approximately four thousand of its varieties in the world. Forty-six varieties have been released in Russia that can be grown in our climate, and more than twenty are grown in Ukraine and the Caucasus.
To choose the best varieties of cherries, let's get to know the plant closer. The flesh of the fruit may be soft or cartilaginous. In accordance with this characteristic, two groups are distinguished: these are ghini and bigarro. The main quality of the first is juiciness and great taste. They are best consumed fresh. As a rule, varieties from this group are early maturing. The latter, due to the dense texture of the pulp of the fruit, are good for canning, they are used to make jams and compotes, since the berries do not boil soft.
Distinguish varieties of sweet cherries by the color of the fruit and their weight. There are trees with dark red berries: “iput”, “jealousy”, “adeline”, “veda”, with pink ones - “fatezh”, “Bryansk pink”, “early pink”. With yellow fruits - "red dense", "black", with orange - "pinkpearl". Fruits can weigh from four to six or more grams, depending on the variety. The most famous varieties are bred in Ukraine. We can mention the high-yielding variety "April", with large berries weighing up to nine grams "Valery Chkalov", with maroon fruits - "Melitopol black".
When choosing sweet cherry varieties for the Russian climate, it is necessary to choose its zoned varieties, adapted to growing in specific natural conditions and, most importantly, frost-resistant. The fruit tree can be over three meters high. Such sizes are reached by the variety "Bryansk pink". It does not require pruning, as the crown has a wide pyramidal shape. It tolerates low temperatures well, is not susceptible to diseases - moniliosis and coccomycosis. For its pollination, it is necessary to plant in the garden such varieties as "jealous", "iput", "ovstuzhenka", "tyutchevka".
Complement your garden varieties of sweet cherries with yellow fruits. These include a variety called "chermashnaya". It is suitable for the southern regions of the Non-Black Earth Region. Sweet and juicy berries can reach a mass of four and a half grams. Harvest can be harvested in the 2nd half of June.
Medium-height variety - "rechitsa". A tree with a pyramidal crown tolerates frost well and is not susceptible to fungal diseases. To pollinate this variety, its neighbors must be such varieties of cherries as “poetry”, “iput”, “pink pearls”, “adeline”, “ovstuzhenka”. At the end of June it is already possiblepicking berries. Large, up to 6 grams in weight, the fruits are dark red in color. Their cartilaginous flesh is very sweet in taste. Even if it is a humid summer, the fruits do not crack, remain dense and beautiful. You can grow these fruit trees in the southern regions of the Non-Black Earth Region.
Looking at the varieties of sweet cherries with photos, you can see how beautiful the plant looks and how attractive its fruits are. They seem to glow from within, inviting you to taste their juicy pulp.
