For a long time, a person pays great attention to the ventilation of his home, realizing that his life and he alth depend on fresh air. Ancient people selected caves for habitation with natural ventilation, so that the smoke from the fire could freely leave the premises. All nomadic tribes arrange portable structures in the form of yurts, wigwams with an obligatory opening in the form of a window, which is located at the top of the hut. Modern living quarters must be equipped with natural ventilation.
Harmful kitchen factors
Kitchen is a place for cooking. In this room, more than in any other, the accumulation of factors that have a detrimental effect on the he alth of its inhabitants is possible. These are products of combustion. Harmful substances released during the combustion of gas carry elements of phosphorus, sulfur, halogens. By toxicity, they can exceed the release of natural gas.
Another dangerous factor in the kitchen is the products formed during cooking. Thermal processing of products using vegetable oils and fats is accompanied by the release of a large amount of toxic elements. These are various acids.aldehydes, ammonia, aromatics, amines and many others. A large proportion of these poisons enters the respiratory tract and lungs of a person standing at the stove. Another part settles on pieces of furniture and kitchen serving, which also adversely affects the he alth of the inhabitants.
Hoods, varieties
It often happens that during the cooking process, natural ventilation is not able to fully perform its functions. An exhaust hood is a device designed to forcefully ventilate a room in order to remove harmful substances from the atmosphere of a dwelling, formed during human life. In this regard, the topic becomes relevant - where to install the hood in the kitchen.
It is not possible to determine the exact list of types of exhaust devices. Over time, the appearance and internal components have changed. But despite all the design changes, the purpose and principle of operation remained the same. A wide range of diversity allows the selection of the device according to the needs of a particular kitchen and the requests of its users. In this article, we will look at how to install the hood.
How to choose the right hood
Every housewife wants to have a decent exhaust device in her kitchen that will satisfy all needs. For the right choice, you need to know what parameters the exhaust devices have, what you should pay attention to first of all.
Exhaust power
This parameter determines how efficiently the device will deal withthe air volume of the kitchen in which it is installed. According to sanitation standards, within one hour, the total volume of air in the room should change 12 times. As an example, let's calculate the capacity of the hood for a small kitchen, where the length is 3 meters, the width is 4 meters, the ceiling height is 2.7 meters.
With these dimensions, the volume of the room will be: 3 × 4 × 2, 7=32.4 m3, and multiply by 12. It turns out 388.8 m 3. If you need to get more accurate numbers, you can calculate the volume of furniture and subtract from the total. If the kitchen has a lot of floor and wall cabinets, the volume will decrease significantly.
And one more important point. If the kitchen is not separated from the room by means of a partition or a door (with modern construction, such kitchen options have become common), then the volume of the room will have to be added to the volume of the kitchen.
Filters
When installing an exhaust device, you should also pay attention to the fact that many of its components can prevent the passage of air. So, for example, when installing a circulation hood, you should know that the carbon element will reduce the performance of the installation by about 1.5 times. A filter that captures fat, made of padding polyester, will also reduce productivity. Especially if it is not the first freshness.
Some manufacturers equip their devices with cartridge replacement alarms. The simplest option is to have some kind of sign on the filter element. As the filter gets dirty, it either changes color or disappears altogether. This indicates that it is time to change the element.
In modern expensivecontrol functions are given to electronics. It processes the average filter usage time during the operation of the hood and gives the appropriate signals to the control panel: if the F sign is flashing, it means that it is time to change the filter that absorbs fat deposits. If it is time to replace the carbon filter, the C symbol flashes.
Noise level
The exhaust device works, as a rule, throughout the entire cooking process. Therefore, such a factor as noise is not the last value. Prolonged exposure to noise adversely affects he alth and hearing. Yes, and just a headache can hurt.
Modern hoods are equipped with electric motors specially made for these devices with special bearings and acoustic packages in the motor casing. Also, to reduce the noise level, systems with two motors and fans are used. At the same engine speed, the intake air flow doubles.
The noise level in such hoods is determined at 50 decibels, which on the noise level scale corresponds to the sound of a typewriter. The parameters are indicated by the manufacturer in the passport. When buying, you should pay attention to the manufacturer of the electric motor. Today, motors manufactured in Germany and Italy are considered the best. The country of origin is usually indicated on the motor housing. It can also be indicated in the passport for the exhaust device.
Exhaust control
The simplest devices are mechanically controlled.
Thissliders and buttons located on the front panel. With their help, the unit is put into operation, the rotation speeds of the electric motor are switched, the backlights are turned on. More advanced devices are controlled remotely using a remote control. This is very convenient, you can control the device from a distance without taking direct part (for example, dirty hands). But the most expensive and functional are new developments on infrared sensors.
Such devices are fully automated. When you turn on the burner, the hood automatically turns on. An ultrasonic sensor monitors the evaporation density between the plate and the surface of the fume hood. It increases productivity in case of burning on the stove. The price of such devices, respectively, is far from low.
Exhaust hoods without venting
Models of this type are located above the surface of the gas stove and attached to the wall. Such devices do not provide for the removal of cleaning products into the ventilation system. In this case, the air inside the device is cleaned and released into the kitchen. In the case of such an extract there is a low-power fan, several filter elements.
Of the advantages, it is worth highlighting the relatively low cost, eye-pleasing design, caused by the absence of air outlet channels, ease of installation and connection. Along with good qualities, there are also significant drawbacks - increased noise during operation of the device, low suction powerair.
The biggest inconvenience is the need to replace cartridges frequently. The first stage filter, which is the first to take over the filtration products, will have to be changed after the first one and a half to two months of use.
When buying a flat hood, it is worth considering in advance the possibility and availability of purchasing replacement filters in your region. It is possible that their price will be far from small. Let's talk about how to install a hood over the stove below.
Flat hood installation
Given that a flat hood does not have channels and pipes for connection to the ventilation line, the choice of location depends on the wishes of the owners. To determine at what distance from the stove to install the hood, you need to be guided by fire safety measures. According to the rules, the distance for electric stoves is 65 cm, and for gas stoves - from 75 cm to 80 cm. If the height is too high, the electric motor may not be able to produce sufficient suction flow, and not all harmful substances will be removed.
There are holes in the back of the device for fixing. Using a tape measure and a horizontal level, mark points on the bearing surface, drill holes with a puncher and fix the hood with nylon dowels and self-tapping screws. Anchors work well for this. These are very reliable fasteners. Thus, we have considered how to install the hood.
Recessed hoods
Another type of hood for the kitchen with a vent to the ventilation are built-in devices. The name itself says thatsuch types are built into the elements of kitchen furniture. Due to the fact that only a small part of it is available to the review, one can not attach much importance to the entire appearance, but only to its visible part.
As an illustrative example, we can cite a telescopic hood. It folds like a telescope. As a rule, it is equipped with a three-speed electric motor, which turns on when transferred to the working position, i.e. the sliding part is pushed forward. When folded, it takes up less space. As necessary, the depth of the exhaust part and the speed of rotation of the motor are adjusted, on which the power of the suction flow depends.
Let's take a quick look at how to install a built-in hood. When ordering furniture for the kitchen, you need to have the dimensions of the exhaust device that will be used. An exhaust device is fixed into the prepared opening using the elements supplied in the kit. These are the corners for fastening and self-tapping screws. To connect the air channel, you can use the corrugation.
This element is very light, with its help you can figure out how to install the hood if the pipes interfere. The corrugation bends easily and interfering pipes can simply be bypassed. If conditions permit, round or rectangular ventilation ducts can be used. Connect a cord with a plug to the previously prepared power source (socket).
How to install a built-in hood, figured it out. It was quite easy. Now consider the dome hood, as itinstall.
Dome or fireplace hoods
Another option is a dome hood. How to install it? Judging by the name, the shape of the dome immediately appears. It has a pretty nice design. Many hoods of this type can be attached to the ceiling thanks to a long vertical box. Most of them have a multi-speed electric motor. This is very convenient when choosing the operating mode. When there is a lot of smoke, the maximum engine speed is turned on, and the intake air flow increases significantly.
Can be equipped with a remote control, but this model is more expensive. Mounting to the ceiling with a rigid box or on the wall is allowed. It is possible to use a corrugated duct. Due to the high drive power, installation for long ducts is allowed. It is attached to the wall through the holes on the back wall (following the example of a flat hood).
Corner hoods
A good example of a hood for a kitchen with a vent to the ventilation are corner hoods. A situation may arise when the corner of the kitchen remains the only suitable installation site. For this case, a corner hood is useful. As an example of how to install a do-it-yourself kitchen hood (corner type), you can take the installation of a domed and flat hood.
The only difference is that in this case the device will be attached to two load-bearing walls instead of one. To connect the air duct, both a corrugated pipe and round and rectangular boxes are applicable. To connecta pre-installed power outlet is required.
Combination hoods
This type of exhaust device is characterized by the simultaneous presence of filter elements for a channelless cleaning method and the ability to divert air flow into a common ventilation system.
Conclusion
We have learned how to properly install the hood. It is worth once again briefly going through the installation steps. Exhaust devices of almost all types are installed and connected in the same way. How to install a hood? The steps are:
- Choose a device that matches the parameters of the kitchen, taking into account the volume of the kitchen and the width of the hob.
- Provide the supply of electricity to connect to the power grid.
- Determine the installation height of the device
- Based on the mounting dimensions, fix the hood in a convenient way on the supporting surface or inside the kitchen furniture.
- Connect the exhaust outlet to a ventilation duct or wall passage element. To do this, use a corrugated pipe, a rigid box of round or rectangular section (at the user's choice).
- After installation is complete, perform a test run.
