Modern technologies are aimed at making building materials sufficiently hard and strong, durable and waterproof. In addition, they must have ideal thermal conductivity. As the specific weight of the product decreases, manufacturers increase the dimensions, which helps to reduce the time for building construction.
Which material to choose
As for aerated concrete, it has all of the above characteristics and has a perfectly flat surface on the outside. This indicates that it is very convenient to finish the walls from the gas block, the work can be done quite simply and in a short time. If you are also interested in building houses from a gas block, then you should take a closer look at the technology, which will be discussed below.
Preparing the foundation
In order to choose a foundation for an aerated concrete house,several aspects must be taken into account, this should include the characteristics of the soil. The type of foundation will depend on the structural mass of the house. Aerated concrete is a fairly light material, so you can save on the construction of the base without compromising its bearing capacity. To do this, the type of foundation changes, and you can use its slab variety, abandoning the heavy tape or pile foundation.
The construction of houses from a gas block is most often carried out on a carrier plate, which has a high bearing area and is able to undergo structural loads. It is not necessary to deepen such a foundation too much. Excavation volumes and labor intensity will be reduced, as will the total cost of construction. It is necessary to start work with excavation and marking the site.
The process is not labor intensive. To do this, prepare a 30-cm trench, on the bottom of which a sand cushion is laid. It should be well tamped, the better this can be done, the more ideal the masonry will be. It is better to use a vibrating plate that you can rent.
At the next stage, the laying of communications is carried out, where the sewerage and water supply system should be attributed. Then you can begin to form a strong and perfectly even concrete screed, which will protect the pillow from damage. The construction of houses from a gas block at the next stage involves the construction of formwork. Side seams must be laid with foam sheets, which will ensurehigh-quality thermal insulation.
Once the cement screed has hardened, you can cover it with a waterproofing layer, paying special attention to the seams between the insulating material. The top layer can be formed from dense polyethylene. Next, a frame of reinforcement is installed. The distance between the elements can be 40 cm. Now you can start pouring concrete, holding it until it completely solidifies and gains strength. This will take approximately 2 weeks.
Construction of houses from a gas block provides for the observance of certain rules. They say that moisture from the foundation should evaporate gradually. To do this, the plate is covered with a cloth, and the surface of the structure is periodically moistened. It is important to remember that aerated concrete requires waterproofing. Between the foundation and the main wall, you need to lay a layer of the appropriate material.
Installation of blocks
Aerated concrete products must be laid in a row, fixing them together not with cement mortar, but with special glue. The thickness of the seam should not be 2 cm, but 5 mm. The glue is applied with a notched trowel, but professionals can use another tool.
Aerated concrete can also be laid on a cement-sand mortar, but it will be quite difficult to fit the products, providing even walls. You can saw off aerated concrete blocks to size using a grinder with a stone disc or an ordinary saw. It is not recommended to work with an angle grinder indoors, because a large amount of dust will form. That is why the master should use a respirator.
Laying the armored belt
Building a house from a gas block with your own hands provides for the formation of an armored belt, since the described material does not have a sufficient level of rigidity and strength. Reinforcement can be done with brickwork on top of the block, which is true for small houses.
If we are talking about a spacious cottage, then the armored belt should contain reinforcing bars. A two-story building requires an armored belt in front of the second floor, a floor slab or logs will be based on this design.
Formation of partitions and walls
When choosing the best gas block for building a house, you should pay attention to the one that has a thickness of 380 mm. It is these parameters that a load-bearing wall can have. However, this does not indicate that all internal partitions should be built from the same aerated concrete blocks.
On sale you can find 10-cm blocks that are perfectly under load. To reduce the cost of construction, it is not necessary to choose a density of D500. With a decrease in the density of the block, the heat-insulating qualities increase. This is due to the size of the cells.
For the construction of walls, use blocks with tongue and groove. They are easier to carry by hand. The dried foundation must be cleaned of dust and dirt, only after that you can start laying the roofing material and forming the first row. To do this, you can use the usual cement-sand mortar, which will dry for severallonger than special glue. This will allow you to adjust the masonry.
After finding the highest corner, construction should begin. With the help of a fishing line, you need to designate the upper edge of the location of the blocks. The evenness of the laying of each block should be checked using the building level. Before starting laying the second row, it is necessary to sand the surface of the previous one. Such processing will ensure the most even layer of applied glue. In this case, it is necessary to start from the corners. The species are tied up with each other by shifting the products by half. The minimum offset allowed is 80mm.
Window Arrangement
If the window sill will have a height of four rows, then the openings should be formed after laying the third row. To do this, you need to use a shredder. In the place where it is supposed to place the window opening, it is necessary to punch two parallel lines. In length, they should extend 300 mm beyond the boundaries of the window. The rods should be laid in the strobes and fixed with a solution. At this stage, the window wall can be considered reinforced.
Which aerated concrete block to choose
Quite often, consumers are wondering which gas block is better for building a house. First of all, it is important to pay attention to thermal conductivity. The lower it is, the higher the thermal insulation characteristics will be. For example, if you have a D350 block in front of you, then its thermal conductivity will beis 0.075 W/(m K), as for D700 density blocks, their thermal conductivity is 0.25 W/(m K).
In order to achieve the desired thermal insulation with a gas block brand within D400-D500, it is necessary to form walls with a thickness of 35 to 45 cm. also for strength and density. D300 has the lowest product density. The higher the value, the denser the block in front of you.
Choosing products with low density, you get blocks that are prone to mechanical damage. They will be quite easy to process, which speeds up and facilitates laying. One of the important parameters is the size. The optimal parameter for load-bearing walls will be 60 x 30 x 20 cm. The partition may have the same dimensions, but it will differ in thickness, this parameter will be 10 cm.
Price of houses
Construction of a house from a gas block, the price of which will be equal to 2,500,000 rubles, may involve the creation of buildings of different sizes. In this case, we are talking about 142 m22, while the size of the base will be 13 x 9 cm. 2. The size of the base will be 7 x 6 m.
Construction of houses from gas blocks, projects whose prices are mentioned in the article can be carried out by you yourself. For example, a house of 155 m2 with a base size of 15 x 11 m will cost 2RUB 000,000
Independent material calculation
Calculation of gas blocks for building a house involves the use of the following formula: (L x H - S pr) x 1.05 x B \u003d V. In it, L is the total length of the walls in meters. The letter H means the height of aerated concrete walls in meters. The total area of door and window openings in square meters is denoted S pr. The coefficient that should be taken into account as a margin for undercutting is 1.05. The thickness of the blocks in meters is denoted by the letter B, as for the calculated volume of aerated concrete in cubic meters, it is denoted by the letter V.
Conclusion
Aerated concrete house involves fixing waterproofing over the rafters. This should be done with wooden slats. They will play the role of a counter-lattice, on which the roofing material will be fixed at the next stage. Under the waterproofing between the slats, a heater should be laid. For this, mineral wool is usually used. An alternative solution may be foam or polystyrene foam.
Heat insulation must be protected by vapor barrier, which is attached to the rafters with wooden slats. At the final stage, you can start laying the finish coat. In this case, you need to focus on the budget and personal preferences, and you can use slate, corrugated board or ceramic tiles.
