Building technologies are constantly improving. Today, relatively inexpensive housing is in demand. At the same time, the speed of its construction has increased significantly. This was made possible thanks to special technology. The construction of modular houses is in demand today. Features of this technology, reviews of such housing will be discussed further.
General Description
The technology of building a modular house originated in the 60-70s of the last century in the United States. In our country, this approach in the construction of residential buildings has been applied relatively recently. For the first time, such houses appeared on the domestic construction market 15 years ago.
This is one of the new technologies. It differs from frame and panel construction in the method of manufacturing structural elements. So, for example, frame houses are delivered to the object in the form of separate draft elements, which are assembled into a singleconstruction. After that, through the walls, ceilings conduct all the necessary communications.
Turnkey modular house projects include several ready-made blocks of the future building. They are assembled in production, including all necessary communications. In other words, upon delivery to the facility, the modules are simply assembled together. Further finishing work is carried out. All vital communications have already been created in the design by the manufacturer. This allows you to significantly speed up the process of building a house.
Historical background
Modular-frame construction of houses developed initially in the USA. This technology used to build 25% of all American suburban homes. Today, this figure has dropped to 15%. At first, a concept was applied, called the "growing house".
Housing was originally acquired by a young family. For the newlyweds, one or two modules for living quarters and one more block for the kitchen with a dining room were enough. When children appeared in the family, other modules were bought in addition. So the house grew, acquiring a nursery, guest rooms and more.
It was beneficial to gradually increase the space of your home, as young families do not always have money for spacious housing. By gradually raising funds to expand the building, people could get as much space inside the building as they needed.
New parts were docked to the house with the help of special galleries or vestibules. When mortgage credit became widespread, this idea becamephase out.
In Europe, the presented technology began to develop in the 90s of the last century. Today, the production of modules is carried out in-line. This allows you to reduce the cost of housing by increasing the output of finished products.
Cost
The price of modular house construction depends on many factors. There are several well-known companies operating in the domestic market that are engaged in the production of buildings of the presented type. The cost of modular housing from Russian manufacturers is approximately the same. It is 33-40 thousand rubles. per square meter.
When compared with the cost of frame (and similar) houses, which is 27-30 thousand rubles. per square meter, the price of modular buildings is higher. However, in the end, the construction costs will be the same.
Modular technology reviews
Construction of modular houses today receives a lot of positive feedback. The work of the companies DoubleDom, Dom-Kovcheg, Experimental Design Plant No. 1, StroyMontazhService M is especially in demand among Russian customers.
Among the positive qualities of the presented buildings, according to reviews, the high speed of construction of the building stands out. If you bought a suburban area where there is no house, using the presented technology, you can quickly create a building with a number of floors from one to two.
The main components are madeaccording to strict standardization. Also, weather factors have a minimal influence on the construction process.
Among the shortcomings of modular designs, customers note minimalism, lack of architectural frills. This is a simple design that does not differ in a variety of layouts. However, more is not required for suburban construction.
Typical projects
Domestic companies offer no more than 10 standard projects for modular house construction. The customer will be able to make minor changes to them. He will not be able to change the main dimensions, the arrangement of rooms in the building, choose the materials or design of the building.
The total area of the house does not exceed 100 m². Most often these are one-story structures, rarely two floors are created. The shape of buildings is almost always rectangular. Only "House-Ark" offers, in addition to rectangular buildings, a building of an angular type.
Module sizes are limited as they are transported to the site using standard freight transport. Therefore, it is not possible to transport cargo with a length of more than 7 m and a width of more than 2.5 m. Otherwise, a permit is required for transportation, which increases the cost of the service.
Rooms in such housing have a maximum area of up to 16 m². The ceiling height does not exceed 2.7 m. The design of such housing is made in a modern style. The design provides at least one panoramic window. There is a terrace, trendy finishes and residential mezzanines.
The disadvantage is the lack of an entrance hall. Inputthe door leads directly to the living room. If you plan to live in the house in winter, heat losses will be observed.
Building nuances
The construction of modular houses is carried out in accordance with established norms and rules. Buildings in the conditions of the domestic climate are installed on a pile foundation. The cost of building the base of the house is included in the cost of construction.
During the production of the module, walls and ceilings are assembled, then they are insulated with mineral wool slabs. Then they are covered with a layer of waterproofing and sheathed with OSB panels. Outside, the structure is most often trimmed with siding or a material that imitates timber. Inside the building, they create a finish of drywall, lining or imitation timber.
The roof in such houses is shed or gable. The angle of inclination does not exceed 25º. The attic floor is missing. The roof is hemmed directly to the truss system.
Improved design
Some companies in the process of building modular homes offer improved designs. If the standard project did not suit the customer for some reason, the company can develop an individually appropriate design. The cost of such housing increases by 30-50%.
Some companies offer to reduce the cost of production. In this case, some of the materials from which the structure is made are reviewed. At the request of customers, companies develop special projects, offer flexible conditions for ordering, take into account the wishes of theircustomers.
