The construction of frame houses has been popular all over the world for several decades. This is due to the large number of advantages of such buildings. In our country, the development of construction is just beginning. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of frame houses? Features of construction technology, as well as the main points are given in the article.
Features of frame houses
The technical characteristics of frame buildings indicate that with a relatively small weight of the structure, the house is able to withstand fairly high loads. Due to the resistance to various external factors, the operating time is also long. Frame houses have the following features:
- Sustainable due to the use of wood.
- High level of fire safety due to the use of special impregnations that prevent combustion, as well as cladding materials.
- Economy is due to the cheapness of materials compared totraditional brick houses.
There is also a high speed of construction of such facilities.
Technology basics
The main feature of frame construction is the speed of building a house. The basis of the technology is a frame made of wooden beams, which are assembled in accordance with the design documentation, which must be drawn up before construction. The walls of a frame house necessarily consist of the following materials:
- crate;
- insulation;
- windproofing;
- chipboard panel.
The so-called "sandwich" is formed from these materials with a "stuffing" of a thick layer of insulation, the role of which is played by mineral wool with a high level of fire safety. Also, externally, the house can be finished with almost any material. The most popular are siding, brick, decorative stone, plaster.
An interesting feature of frame houses is the uniform distribution of the load. Thanks to this, the floors in such buildings do not creak, and vibrations are not felt.
Cons of buildings
Despite the large number of positive aspects, frame houses have disadvantages and problems. These include the following factors:
- Fire hazard. If the building technology is not followed, the house may have an increased fire hazard. This is due to the fact that wood is a flammable material. It is possible to prevent a fire by using modern non-combustible impregnations.for wood, as well as the use of fireproof materials for exterior decoration and insulation.
- Fragility. This disadvantage of a frame house can be called conditional, since classic brick buildings also tend to collapse over time. The main short-lived material used in the construction of frame buildings is insulation. However, this problem is easily solved by replacing it after 20-25 years of operation.
- Rotting to which a tree is subject can be attributed to the significant disadvantages of frame-panel houses. This problem should be solved at the construction stage. All wooden elements must be thoroughly treated with special antiseptics.
- The sound insulation of a frame house is an order of magnitude lower than the noise level inside a classic brick building. However, with the use of modern materials, it is possible to achieve complete elimination of noise inside the building.
Also, according to residents, the disadvantage of a frame house is the appearance of mice, mold or termites. These problems also need to be de alt with even before they appear, at the construction stage. It is important to use insulation materials that contain borax and refrain from using ordinary foam. It is very important to carefully treat all wooden elements with antiseptics and antifungal agents.
Positives
What, according to reviews, are the disadvantages and advantages of frame houses? All the negative aspects of such buildings are described earlier. They are easybe decided at the construction stage, so such disadvantages can be considered insignificant. The advantages of frame houses are as follows:
- Economy on the foundation, which is caused by the absence of the need to build a capital and expensive classic concrete foundation. A pile foundation is enough, which is quickly and easily mounted.
- High construction speed. A small house can be built from scratch in just three months.
- No need to wait for building materials to shrink. Such a positive moment is due to the fact that the frame house has a relatively small weight.
- No need for expensive construction equipment. Everything that may be required for the construction of such a structure can be purchased at any building supermarket.
- Good seismic resistance, which is a positive thing when building a house on moving parts of the earth's crust.
In addition, it is easy to carry out redevelopment in such houses, besides, they will be completely inexpensive.
Varieties of construction technologies
When all the advantages and disadvantages of a frame house have been clarified, it is necessary to decide on the technology by which the future residential complex will be built. Today there are several varieties:
- Canadian technology involves the use of ready-made sandwich panels, which are produced in the factory. It is simple, since building materials already have the necessarya layer of insulation, hydro and noise insulation, and also treated with antiseptics and antifungal agents.
- Frame-frame technology is also simple. It consists in the construction of a wooden frame with subsequent cladding.
- German technology lies in the fact that finished building elements are delivered to the customer. The disadvantage of a frame house built using this technology can only be considered the need to use construction equipment.
At present, the frame-frame assembly technology is the most popular in Russia. This is due to the fact that such a building can be built completely independently.
Possible problems
What are the disadvantages and advantages of frame houses? A person who wants to build a frame house on his own site will have to face a number of problems, which in itself is a small disadvantage.
Most often, novice builders face a number of such problems:
- Search for suitable materials. With independent construction, it can be difficult to find suitable building materials. A person may encounter some difficulties, as well as the high cost of some elements.
- In the absence of the necessary experience or skills in working with wood, marriage can be allowed at work. To prevent such a mistake, you need to carefully draw up a project at home, as well as consult with specialists.
- By the way, about professional builders: often when choosing a team for building a house, you can stumble upon unskilledworkers who are willing to do all the necessary work for a fairly small fee. It should be remembered that a poorly constructed frame house will not be durable, so it is important to take a responsible choice of workers.
The disadvantages of frame houses include the need for a good ventilation system, since in the absence of air circulation, the wood can become damp, which negatively affects its quality characteristics.
Foundation features
According to reviews, a frame house can be cold in winter, so special attention should be paid to the foundation and floor, which must necessarily keep warm. Most often, preference is given to pile structures, on top of which wooden logs are attached, and the floor is laid on them.
Bas alt mineral wool is laid between the layers of the floor as a heater. It has the properties of heat preservation and has a long service life. In addition, unlike cheaper foam, it is completely fireproof. You should also take care of the vapor barrier and waterproofing of the floor.
Wall installation
According to many reviews, insufficiently warm walls may be a disadvantage of a frame house. Many people who have not experienced the operation of frame houses may believe that it is cold in such dwellings in winter, as the walls seem thin. In fact, it is quite easy to maintain the desired temperature in a properly equipped house during the cold season.
First thingyou need to assemble the frame of the house. In this case, special attention should be paid to strengthening the structure. This will add extra strength to the structure. The issue of warmth is also solved by laying a massive layer of bas alt insulation. As with the arrangement of the floor, a layer of waterproofing must be placed on top of the mineral wool. The structure of such sandwich panels can be reinforced with beams and battens attached along the OSB boards.
Roof installation
Roofing issues must be approached with all responsibility. The difficulty lies in the fact that the process of fixing it is more complicated than in similar houses made of brick or cinder block. Most often, specialists are involved in the construction of a structure of this complexity.
Metal tile is most often used as a roofing material, as it fully meets all the requirements, and also has a relatively small weight. Slate can be used less frequently.
Required Materials
Despite all the advantages and disadvantages of frame houses, more and more people are engaged in their construction. In order to build such a building on your own, you will need the following materials and tools:
- concrete, if necessary, the construction of a concrete floor;
- concrete mixer for mixing mortar;
- metal screw piles for foundation construction;
- edged and unedged boards;
- ready-made shield panels or OSB boards;
- mineral wool insulation;
- antiseptic impregnation forwood processing;
- materials for waterproofing and vapor barrier;
- consumables - nails, screws, channels, steel pipes, angles;
- jigsaw and circular saw;
- building level and tape measure;
- materials for working with wood - hammer, tongs, axe, nail puller, hacksaw.
A detailed list indicating the required materials and their quantities should be compiled at the planning stage. In the absence of the necessary experience in preparing estimates, it is recommended to seek help from professional builders.
Exterior trim
When all the shortcomings of a frame house for permanent residence are taken into account and corrected, you can proceed to the exterior decoration of the house. For this, materials such as siding, decorative stone, block house to imitate log masonry, decorative plaster, decorative tiles can be used. External finishing is necessary not only to give the building beauty, but also to protect OSB boards from adverse external factors.
Conclusion
Frame houses are a great alternative to classic brick buildings. Distrust of construction technology is due to its insufficient distribution on the territory of our country. Despite the presence of some minor shortcomings that are easily eliminated during the construction phase, the advantages of frame houses are undeniable. The cost of erecting such structures may seem especially attractive, since it is an order of magnitude lower than the constructionbrick buildings.
