In the arsenal of both a home master and a professional, there should be the most necessary equipment for work. The final result depends on the quality of all devices and objects used in the work.
Different drill diameters for metal will allow you to perform the necessary manipulations with this material. How to choose such a tool and which one is most in demand, expert advice will help you decide. Today there are many interesting solutions in metal processing.
General information
A set of drill bits for metal will allow the craftsman to cut holes of different diameters in the material. When it comes to working with hard workpieces, there are increased demands on the cutter.
This tool is selected in accordance with the working conditions. The cutter for metal is designed for drilling alloyed, non-alloyed steel, non-ferrous metals, cast iron and various alloys.
The greater the hardness of the material, the greater the demands placed on the quality of the tool. It is necessary to choose the right drill diameter according tometal.
The master should also pay attention to the sharpening of the cutter and the material of its manufacture. Only with this approach will it be possible to choose a really high-quality instrument.
Drill structure
The usual device of the cutter involves the presence of a cutting surface on it, calibration and a shank for attaching it to the chuck.
There are certain requirements that metal drills must meet. GOST 19265-73 indicates the main characteristics and manufacturing technology of this tool.
To work with such hard material as steel or cast iron, the shape of the cutter necessarily implies the presence of spiral grooves. This allows chips to be pulled away from the machine.
A cutting section is located at the end of the drill. It has sharpened edges. Behind it is the calibration part. It ensures the smoothness of the edge of the hole and removes the drilled metal from the place of processing.
The cutter shank can have different shapes. It corresponds to the seat in the drill or puncher chuck.
Varieties
The diameter of the drill, and accordingly, the hole in the metal, depends on the type of cutter. They can be of the following types.
Screw varieties are most often found on sale and have been known to craftsmen for decades. This is a shaft of different materials with helical grooves and a sharp end.
The taper shank helical cutter is designed for machine tools. Its cutting point is conical. This type of drill bit for metal is designed for large diameter holes in a thick layer.
For similar work, crown cutters are also used. They have frequent teeth.
The stepped drill is considered relatively new. It allows you to make holes of various diameters. This metal cone drill is designed for sheet material.
Another popular type of cutter is the threaded tool.
Marking
The tool selection process makes marking knowledge easier. It indicates the material, diameter, accuracy class of the product. If the letter P is indicated on it, it means that the cutter is made of high speed steel.
When the letter is followed by a number, it indicates the quantitative content of the substance in the alloy. So, K6 means that there is a sixth part of cob alt in the total composition. This strengthens the drill.
Marking can be as follows: Р6М5К5. The last substance in the alloy strengthens the tool.
Drill for metal 1 mm or 2 mm is not marked. Extensive information is applied only to large diameter products.
Foreign marking HSS-G indicates a product that is designed for medium-hard varieties of metals. HSS-E can be applied to stainless steel and acid resistant alloys. The HSS-G Tin marking distinguishes the increased durability of products.
Drill Color
Drills for metal, the GOST of which is maintained at all domestic enterprises, can be of different colors. It speaks to the type of strength. Therefore, choosing the appropriate diametercutters, the master should pay attention to this characteristic.
Gray products are the cheapest and short-lived. They are suitable for home use with a small amount of work.
The black color of the product indicates additional hardening and strength of the cutter. A set of drills for metal in a dull golden color makes it clear that a special technology was used in its production. It also adds extra strength.
Intense gold hue is inherent in the most durable products. They are more durable than others and are easy to use. The cost of such tools is the highest, but the quality is appropriate.
For home use, cheap, less resistant products are enough. But professionals should choose high-strength, quality products.
Manufacturer Reviews
Cutters of various diameters are on sale. Domestic and foreign manufacturers complete them differently.
The largest metal drill 10-13 mm is considered the norm. The diameter of the thinnest cutter of the set is 1-2 mm. But besides this parameter, you need to pay attention to the manufacturer.
Products of foreign production Makita, Bosch have proven themselves well. Professional craftsmen note a large number of low-quality fakes among domestic brands. Therefore, little-known products without quality certificates are not worth the attention of the consumer.
Russian companies have proven themselves well"Zubr", "Tomsk instrument", "Matter of technology". They are cheaper than foreign counterparts. For work at home, they are completely suitable. Only professional cutters for metal differ in high cost.
Expert advice
When choosing the diameters of a drill for metal, it is necessary to take into account some recommendations from experts. To make the holes of high quality, with smooth edges, the cutter must be made of P18 high-speed steel with additives (tungsten, molybdenum, etc.).
According to the type of material, it is necessary to select the sharpening angle. For cast iron, it should be 118 degrees, for bronze - 140 degrees. Stainless steel corresponds to 120 degrees.
For beginners, it will be easier to purchase similar products in a specialized store. Here the seller will be able to choose the right type of tool, and also provide quality certificates. This will guarantee the long life of the cutter and the effectiveness of the work when using it.
Experts recommend not to skimp on the quality of equipment. It is better to choose products from trusted manufacturers. A low price most often results in poor quality products that will wear out quickly and produce sloppy holes.
Familiarizing yourself with such characteristics as drill diameters for metal, you can choose the right tool in accordance with the type of material and its processing conditions. Guided by expert recommendations and user reviews, it will be easier to purchase quality cutters from trusted manufacturers.
