Kazan is a massive cast iron cauldron with a semicircular bottom. This shape is necessary for uniform heating of the walls of the dishes, as well as so that food does not get stuck in the corners. Thick walls eliminate the possibility of burning, and quenching occurs evenly. In order for you to have the opportunity to cook delicious dishes in nature, you can build a cauldron oven. This can be done without the help of specialists.
Preparation of tools and materials
The described design can become not only a cooking device, but also a real decorative element. The choice of place, shape and finish of the device must be taken seriously. You should purchase a beautiful plate in advance, which will have rings of different diameters. This will allow you to use different cauldrons.
You will need:
- fireboxes;
- blowing;
- doors;
- decorative supplies.
Be sure to purchase accessories for cleaning, namely, a spatula and a poker. Before making a cauldron oven, you musttake care of the following tools and materials:
- chamotte brick;
- Bulgarians;
- sand;
- refractory powder;
- buckets;
- floor slabs;
- steel angles;
- grate;
- doors;
- shovels.
Expert advice
As for the floor slab, its thickness should be 2 cm. The design can have a variety of parameters. From the inside, it should resemble a stand for eggs. In order to make the operation more convenient, the structure is raised by 90 cm.
Preparing the base
If you decide to lay out the oven for the cauldron with your own hands, then at the first stage you need to deal with the base. Such a design does not need a full-fledged foundation, because the mass of the furnace will be insignificant. In order for the brickwork not to warp, it is necessary to pour concrete, which is reinforced with reinforcement.
At the first stage, a place for construction is selected. The area is cleaned of all unnecessary and moistened with water. The soil must be leveled and compacted. Formwork is made from boards. Next, you can mix fireclay powder with sand, using a ratio of one to three. The solution should be plastic. It is poured into the formwork, forming a layer up to 100 mm. The surface is leveled and checked with a spirit level.
Fortification
Reinforcement bars are laid on the mortar, which should be oriented along and across. The distance between the elements is 10 cm. Until the mortar dries,you can start laying the oven.
Working with bricks
The cauldron oven can be made of different materials, but in this example, we consider a technology that involves the use of bricks. In order to make the seams more even, thin wooden slats should be laid between the products. They can be removed after the solution has set a little. This technique will allow you to embroider the seams if necessary.
When laying, it is necessary to bandage the seams. One row starts with half a brick, and the other with a whole. Iron elements are installed during the masonry process. If the brick is cut by a grinder, then the work will be accompanied by the formation of dust. Use personal protective equipment in the form of a respirator and goggles.
Work methodology
If you purchased not a factory plate, but a regular one, then you can cut a circle of the appropriate diameter in it and clean the edges with a file. In this case, the ashes will not fall into the food, and the smoke will not seep out of the firebox.
During the installation of pipes, they should be joined at an angle of 90˚ or more so that the thrust is intense. After completion of work, the seams are embroidered. But you can tile the structure. The oven for the cauldron at the next stage is left to dry, then you can make a small fire inside.
Order description
You can use the order presented in the article. It provides for the construction of the bottom in the first andsecond rows. Bricks are laid out with the formation of a small space, which will allow you to clean the ash pan and the stove itself. A wire is used to fix the door: it is clamped with adjacent bricks, and then fixed with a mortar. In the third row, you can close the ash pan doors and form walls. At this stage, the grate is installed.
When constructing a stove for a cauldron with your own hands, in the next row you must leave a hole that is necessary to remove the smoke. In the next row, you can continue to build the walls and install the door for the firebox. The dimensions of the doors will depend on the type of fuel. If you plan to use firewood, then the mentioned parameter should be 40 cm wide. When the stove is fired with coal, the width must be reduced. In the next 3 rows, it is necessary to continue to build walls, overlapping the firebox.
The brick is laid out according to the scheme and in the next three rows. The technology in this case provides for the formation of a hole for the circulation of smoke. The outer walls overlap from above, for this a plate with a hole is laid. The base will be steel corners. The hole is located above the cylindrical combustion chamber. At this stage, we can assume that the brick oven under the cauldron is ready. All that remains is to install the chimney.
Installation of a chimney
The chimney is one of the main elements of the stove. To carry out the work, you should prepare:
- grinder;
- welding with electrodes;
- fittings;
- pipes;
- hammer.
Angle grinder must have cutting discs. The pipe must be made of steel, and its diameter must vary from 100 to 120 mm. On a flat surface, lay out the fittings with the pipe. The elements are connected by welding. It is important to remember that you need to use personal protective equipment, namely:
- workwear;
- gloves;
- welding mask.
All irregularities are removed by the grinder. The chimney is installed in the right place of the outdoor stove with a cauldron. During masonry, holes of the appropriate diameter must be made. The resulting joints are smeared with oven clay. The pipe must not have gaps. To check, you need to make a flame in the combustion chamber and follow how the smoke moves. If the structure was built correctly, then the cauldron should warm up evenly. To check, you can pour water there: if the heating is carried out evenly, then the bubbles should completely cover the vessel from the inside.
After examining the photo of the stove under the cauldron, you can understand that they are all finished with either plaster, or paint, or the method of jointing. In the second case, you must purchase a heat-resistant paint composition.
Laying the BBQ oven
Under the barbecue oven, you can already lay out the foundation. After its installation, you can do the first row. In the second row, you should do the installation of an ash pan and a blower door. The latter is attached with wire. Before starting construction, the brick must be soaked in water - so it will not take moisture from the concrete mix.
Laying out the barbecue oven withcauldron, in the third row you can install a grate. Then you should start laying the cylindrical firebox. For this, a quarter of fireclay bricks is used, which is located with dressing. In one dressing, the use of simple and refractory bricks is unacceptable.
In the next two rows, you need to make a hole through which flue gases will exit. At the level of the 12th row, it is necessary to form an opening through which the flue gases will move to the outlet channel from the fuel part. In this place there will be a narrowing for the cauldron.
The exhaust channels overlap in the 13th row. It is necessary to use a refractory brick at this stage: it is fixed along the edge of the scarf, and a slab is installed on top. When making such a furnace for a cauldron with your own hands, you may encounter difficulty in the problem of forming a cylinder of the furnace part. In order to achieve a rounded surface, the brick halves are cut at an angle. If desired, the surface can be made perfectly smooth, thanks to which the oven can also be used as a tandoor. The design after all manipulations is left until dry. The first firebox should be short.
Masonry stove-brazier
If you want to add a barbecue grill, then laying the first row can be done without using a clay-sand mortar. First, corner bricks are laid out, which form a rectangle. A rope should be pulled between them. Laying other bricks of the first rowcarried out in the next step. The laid out products must be correctly positioned; to check, you need to measure the diagonals of the formed rectangle. Next, the bricks are laid out on the mortar. The thickness of the seams should be about 4 mm.
The first two rows will be solid. Three walls should be two bricks wide. They are located along the perimeter of the created rectangle. The front wall will be missing here.
When equipping a brazier with a stove under a cauldron, in the tenth row you must form an arch. Here, cutouts are made in the product to accommodate a metal sheet or steel squares. The next rows will be solid. The top portion will be the bottom of the brazier. It is laid out from fireclay bricks.
The walls of the brazier are also mounted from fireclay bricks. The laying of the next 8 rows provides for the formation of side and rear walls. From above, the masonry will resemble the shape of the letter P. In the extreme bricks of the 21st row, grooves are cut for the corner. There is an arch in front of them. In the following rows, it will be possible to form a vault of the brazier. The next five rows are the completion of the arch and the simultaneous narrowing of the upper part. Now you can start laying the chimney of the barbecue oven under the cauldron.
Building an oven with a smoking chamber
If you like multifunctional designs, then you should like a device that will act as a stove and smokehouse. The latter will be made of stainless steel. The walls should be thick, because then they will be more durable.
The design followssupplement with stainless steel hooks, where products for heat treatment will be hung. You can close the chamber with a sealed door with a viewing window. For laying such a device, red brick is used. You can also use refractory bricks, but you must remember that they are not as resistant to temperature fluctuations. When installing a smokehouse oven under a cauldron, you will not be able to use silicate brick with cavities inside, as this material is not suitable.
The first row is laid out without mortar. So you can markup so that in the future you do not have to adjust the bricks to the desired size. The solution is made of sand, slaked lime and cement. The first row is laid out. The next row should start mounting from the corner. For such work, it is necessary to observe the horizontal position, which is checked by the building level.
Steel corners can be used for the brazier. There will be free space between the walls, which is filled with reinforcement. In order for the installation of the grating not to be accompanied by difficulties, it is necessary to lay out several bricks that will protrude inward. When shaping the stove, you must provide a base for the countertop and the installation of the chimney.
After the completion of the 15th row, formwork can be formed to create the firebox floor. For masonry, in this case, fireclay bricks are used. Between the 20th and 24th rows, bricks are trimmed. This will allow you to make masonry in accordance with the size of the chimney. When building a smokehouse oven under a cauldron, you will need to lay a pipe of the desired height. Thisstage will be the last. Decorative work may include laying tiles in brick imitation.
