In matters of quality, aesthetics and durability, a bath from a bar is almost no different from that built from a log. However, the construction process is much faster and easier. In addition, it does not require a special level of skill.
Such a bath can be called a truly Russian building. But in order for your expectations to be justified, you need to seriously approach the issue of choosing a bar. This stage is one of the most important. The performance characteristics of the steam room will depend on this. It is important to pay attention to whether there are cracks in the finished logs. Even the smallest of them will give a defect during shrinkage, expanding and causing wood to rot.
If you decide to build a bath from a bar with your own hands, then the material must be selected in such a way that there are no blue spots on its surface. They say that rotting has begun or is intensively going on inside. It may be provokedfungus. It is impossible to build a bath from such material. A beam is also considered defective if it has traces of bugs or a wormhole.
You can recognize a good timber by a flat and smooth surface. If there are defects and distortions, all this will negatively affect the laying of the crowns, and the construction will stretch for an indefinite period. On sale you can find solid and profiled timber. The latter has spikes and grooves along the length, which are polished. These elements are easier to connect.
The main advantage is that precipitation practically cannot penetrate into such walls. Among the shortcomings, it should be noted that this material has low fire resistance properties and poor endurance. Products are additionally processed with propylene. Used for construction and solid timber. It does not look very aesthetically pleasing, so it is often covered with a block house or siding.
Creating a project
If you want to build a bath from a 4x6 timber with your own hands, then first you need to draw up a project. This business is usually trusted to specialists. In the described case, the total area of the building will be 24 m2. It may include a terrace, a lounge, a sink and a steam room. Another room can be a corridor that will connect the rest room and the steam room. From the latter it will be possible to enter the sink. Its dimensions will be 2 x 2 m. The steam room will have the same parameters. As for the rest room, its dimensions are 3 x 2.5 m. The terrace will takeplace equal to 1.5 x 4 m.
The building could be slightly larger. If there is not much free space on the territory, then you can build a bath from a 3x4 m timber with your own hands. It will provide for the presence of three rooms:
- steam room;
- rest rooms;
- sinks.
The steam room will take 3.44 m2, the room will take 5.3 m2, while the sink will take 3.26 m 2. To implement a commercial project, you can build a more spacious building. It may even provide for the presence of two floors. On the first level you can place:
- rest room;
- steam room;
- wash;
- terrace.
On the attic floor there will be a large bedroom for 24 sqm2 and a balcony for 7.4 sqm2. If you decide to build a bath from a bar of 100x150 m with your own hands, then the veranda can be made covered, then you can use it even in late autumn. And the balcony on the second floor can also be made part of the living space. But the steam room and washing room will not be so large, the area of \u200b\u200beach of them will be 6.1 m22.
Building the foundation
Before you build a bath from a bar with your own hands, you must choose the type of foundation. It can be columnar or tape. In the latter case, a formwork is constructed along the perimeter of the future building, which is poured with concrete. The foundation is deepened to the freezing line of the soil. The height of the structure should be 0.5 m or more above the ground. So you can protect the lower crowns from the effects of moisture.
Inside the perimeter of the foundationit will be necessary to pour sand or gravel. After 2-3 weeks, as soon as the solution hardens, you can start laying the first rows of the log house. In order to make a columnar base, brick pillars should be set. They are located at the corners, the perimeter and at the locations of the internal load-bearing walls. A concrete cushion is placed under each support to prevent subsidence. A distance of 1.5 m must be maintained between such supports, in rare cases the step increases to 2 m.
When building a bath from a beam with your own hands, the foundation is necessarily reinforced, which allows you to achieve the strength of fastening the crowns. It is necessary to provide reliable waterproofing between the first crown and the base. To do this, molten bitumen is applied to the horizontal surface of the base, which is covered with a layer of roofing material. After hardening, the whole procedure must be repeated again.
Laying the first crowns
Assembly of the bath is quite simple, which is especially true if the work is carried out on a labeled project. It is not worth fixing the crowns until the horizontal level is checked with a building level. For the first crown, the thickest bars of all available are selected. This is due to the fact that the weight of the roof, as well as the walls, will fall on these elements. Experienced craftsmen advise choosing a beam with a square section for this. Its side is 20 cm. The side of all subsequent bars can be equal to 15 cm. These elements are the same in length.
When building a bath from a beam with your own hands, the first crowns are laid after the installation of wooden slatsaround the basement. Previously, the material is treated with an antiseptic. The thickness of the rails is 15 mm or less. The distance between them should be equal to the limit of 25 to 30 cm. This requirement is due to the fact that the lower crowns must be protected from decay and dampness. This will increase the life of the bath, and the space between the slats should be filled with insulation or foam.
Too tight styling is not worth it. The whole structure will shrink in the future. The lower beam, located on the foundation, does not need to be fixed. The pressure of the upper crowns will provide him with strength. In this case, the entire first row can be easily replaced, if necessary, without disassembling the entire bath. The bars of the first row are treated with an antiseptic. Conventional machine oil can also be used.
Building walls
We build a bath from a bar with our own hands using technology, which at the next stage involves the construction of walls. First, crowns are laid, which are fastened together with wooden dowels or steel pins. They are driven into pre-made holes with a diameter that matches the diameter of the mounting pins. The holes should be 1.5 m apart from each other. The drill goes through the top beam and half of what is below. After that, the lower beam is removed.
Nageli are selected with a length that is equal to the height of two bars. Then you can lay a layer of thermal insulation, and then mount the top beam in place. All crowns are stacked according to this technique until you reachthe top two. There is no need to fix them, as at the last stage they are temporarily removed for the installation of ceiling beams.
An alternative way to fasten the bars - wooden dowels
We build a bathhouse from a beam with our own hands, choosing the method of attaching the beams to each other that is suitable for you. If, nevertheless, you decide to use nails, then they should not have hats. Elements can be fixed with wooden dowels.
They are square bars with a side of 18 mm. The length varies from the size of the beam, but does not exceed 25 cm. To install them, holes are made with a drill, the diameter of which is 21 mm. Fasteners are driven into dowels. They are arranged in a checkerboard pattern. The beam is drilled through.
Using a spring knot
When a small bathhouse is built from a bar with their own hands, the craftsmen quite often use another method of attaching the elements to each other - a spring knot called "Force". It looks like a screw with a compression spring. This fastening system eliminates the formation of gaps. The bars will press against each other with all their might. This method is quite expensive, but deformation of the structure and cracks can be avoided.
Implementation of caulking
Building a bath from a bar with your own hands does not end with the construction of the roof. It will also be necessary to carry out the caulking of cracks. Mezhventsovy thermal insulation is presented:
- jute;
- tow;
- moss.
All these materials are equallydegrees have excellent thermal insulation properties. It is most convenient, however, to work with jute. It is unwound gradually, during the shrinkage of the bars. Fastening is carried out with ordinary nails. There is no need to caulk after using jute.
Whereas if you decide to use moss or tow, then after the shrinkage is completed, the bath will require additional caulking of the cracks between the crowns. For this, a caulk, a hammer and a wooden spatula are used. The whole process is as follows: after shrinking the house, tow is tightly clogged in the gap.
Building the roof
If you want to build a bath from a bar with your own hands, you must definitely study the step-by-step instructions. After reviewing it, you can understand that at the final stage you will need to do the construction of the roof. The simplest solution would be a gable structure, under which an insulated attic with intensive ventilation is arranged.
In the bath usually there is not enough extra space to organize a guest room, billiard room, bedroom or home cinema. If you do not want to lose valuable meters, it is recommended to create a sloping mansard roof by equipping a living space inside.
Features of the construction of walls from profiled timber
Building a bath from a bar with your own hands is often accompanied by the use of profiled products. In this case, dowels are used, which should be based on wood of the same species that is used in the construction of walls. Iron pins are morereliable, but they are more expensive. This increases the value of the house.
When a bathhouse is being built from a bar with your own hands from scratch, you must know by what principle the walls are built. Nagels are located on the principle of brickwork, they should be installed every two to three rows. For this, holes are pre-drilled. The dowel is easily inserted into them. The distance between fasteners is approximately 1.5 m.
It is necessary to lay a sealant for insulation between the rows of beams. A protrusion is cut in one beam, while a groove with similar parameters is cut in the other. Some layers of timber alternate with spikes and grooves. This strengthens the building and makes the corners windproof. If the bath will have 2 floors, then the walls of the second level rise to a height of 1.5 m. For partitions, a beam with a section of 100 x 150 is used. Installation is carried out only after the creation of the frame.
If you are faced with the question of how to build a bath from a bar with your own hands, you must remember that in the process of these works the dimensions of the building are taken into account. If they are larger than 6 x 6 m, then one or more partitions are installed on the first floor, which provides support for the floor on the second floor.
If it is necessary to reduce the cost of the house, the internal walls are made of frame. To do this, a structure is created from square bars with a side of 50 mm. It is sheathed with clapboard or other material. In order to make the floor fire-resistant, its parts are treated with flame retardant. It is also applied to the walls with a paint brush, as well asatomizer.
Recommendations for installing rafter legs
Before you start building a bath from a bar with your own hands, you need to study the instructions step by step. After reviewing it, you can understand that the rafter legs are called rafters. They act as a component of the truss truss. The latter rests on the upper crown or logs. The legs of the truss structure work not only in compression, but also in bending.
For a truss truss, you can purchase ready-made rafters or use 12 cm logs. An alternative solution is a beam with a cross-sectional area of 60 cm2 or more. Boards with minimum side sizes in section 4 and 15 cm are also excellent.
Before you build a bath from a bar with your own hands, you will need to make or purchase rafters. Better if they are factory. It is much easier to work with them. The elements are connected to each other with nails or screws. Bars are made at anchor points. Rafters are layered and hanging. The latter lean against each other. A truss with such legs is distinguished by the creation of horizontal pressure. Due to significant loads, all truss truss connections must be rigid.
To protect against wind loads, the structure is equipped with diagonal ties. A do-it-yourself bath from a profiled beam is often built with the help of layered rafters. They are used in the construction of shed roofs. Puffs for laying such rafters are not required. They are installed alonga single slope based on a Mauerlat. It is mounted on opposite load-bearing walls. Fixing the Mauerlat to the walls through the beam is carried out with steel studs, thick wire or capercaillie screws.
Reviews about planed timber saunas
Before you start building a bath from a bar with your own hands, step-by-step instructions and reviews must be studied. After reading the opinions of consumers, you can find out that planed timber has many advantages. Among the advantages, buyers highlight:
- availability;
- ability to stay in shape;
- high thermal insulation qualities;
- sustainable;
- speed of erection;
- resistance to temperature fluctuations;
- reliability;
- strength.
Home craftsmen emphasize that such baths are seated evenly over the entire area of the crown. However, such buildings have their drawbacks. They are expressed in the fact that cracks may appear on the visible surface of the beam during operation. Quite often, consumers are also repelled by the fact that planed timber provides for the need for internal and external wall cladding to create an attractive appearance of the building.
An alternative solution is a bath made of profiled timber. Among its advantages should be highlighted:
- construction speed;
- excellent appearance;
- savings in finishing;
- sustainable;
- durability.
According to consumers, such baths have their drawbacks, they arethat during the construction process it is necessary to give time for shrinkage. The timber has a natural moisture content and must dry out, so it is necessary to wait about a year before finishing. Cracks may appear on the surface over time. This distinguishes profiled timber, as well as solid wood.
In closing
Almost every home master today can build a sauna with his own hands. A drawing of a bath from a bar will help with this. You can borrow one of them from the article. Some craftsmen plan the space of the building on their own. If the building is one-story, then you can place a steam room, a rest room, a shower room and a terrace in it.
Don't waste space on your vacation spot. There you can gather with the whole family and pass the evening over a cup of tea. But showers and steam rooms are usually not made too large. In the case of the latter, this is impractical, because the heating of the air will take much longer, which will entail unjustified fuel consumption. In the described project, the steam room occupies only 5 m2, as well as the shower room. But the rest room - 7, 6 m2. The terrace has the largest area - 22 m2.
Using a ready-made project reduces the cost of construction. It is better to use just such an option. And if you purchase a ready-made kit and assemble it on the site yourself, then you won’t spend money on labor either. Home craftsmen claim that such kits require the presence of numbered logs that are assembled according toconstructor principle.
