Ventilated facade today is quite often used as exterior decoration of buildings. This technology is common for some reason. First of all, such a system is able to provide an excellent level of thermal insulation, in addition, precipitation does not affect the external walls, which can destroy the materials at the heart of the creation. This has a positive effect on the humidity regime and the microclimate of the premises inside the building.
Description of ventilated facades
A ventilated facade is a structure made of facing materials that are fixed to the walls with a frame. The latter can be made using aluminum or metal profiles; in some cases, the installation technology involves making a frame made of wood. Between the walls of the building and the finishing cladding of the facade, as a rule, there is an insulating material. In the vast majority of cases, mineral wool is used. If we are talking about the basement of the building, then instead of mineral wool, materials made on the basis of extruded polystyrene foam are used.
The ventilated facade in the basement area is mounted withusing expanded polystyrene for the reason that it does not allow moisture to pass through and is able to guarantee the waterproofing of the surface of the building.
Positive Features
The main advantage of a ventilated facade is that there is enough space between the finish and the wall for air to circulate. This significantly reduces the risk of condensation, which increases the durability of the building. Initially, it is necessary to calculate the ventilated facades. This will allow you to purchase materials in the right quantity and save.
Preparatory work before installation of a ventilated facade
The ventilated facade should be mounted after some preparatory work has been carried out by the master. Previously, the facade is cleaned of the old finish. This can be plaster, paint, putty, etc. There may be delaminations on the wall surface, which must be removed by stripping so that the installation of the bracket is not accompanied by separation of fragments from the wall. If the wall has some irregularities, then they must be eliminated by applying a putty mixture. This will ensure the tightest fit of the insulation material to the surface of the walls. If there is mold on the base, it must be treated with an antifungal compound before work is done. The next step is to mark up. It must be vertical, which will allow you to properly mount the brackets.frame. It is preferable to use not a level, but a plumb line, since it most accurately allows you to determine the vertical. After the preparatory work is completed, you can begin to install the brackets and fix the insulation. Installation of a ventilated facade does not involve the use of complex tools, which reduces the cost of the process.
Fixation of brackets and insulation
The ventilated facade cannot be installed without the use of brackets for mounting frames. Using the markup, you need to drill holes for fasteners. In this case, you need to use a perforator. A paronite gasket is mounted for each bracket. Once the bracket is in place, it must be reinforced with an anchor dowel, firmly pressing the screw using a screwdriver. At the next stage, you can proceed with the installation of insulation. A windproof membrane should be laid over the sealant, which will protect the surface of the heat insulator from water. Sheets of this material must be laid with an overlap, the minimum width of which is 100 mm. Holes must be made through the membrane and sealing material for the installation of dish-shaped dowels.
Features of fastening the frame
The ventilated facade must be installed on the frame system. After you complete the strengthening of the insulation and windproof membrane, you can proceed to the installation of the frame. System profiles are set tobrackets. After the profiles are aligned using levels, the frame components can be fixed with rivets, as an alternative solution, self-tapping screws can be used. To compensate for thermal expansion, vertical grooves should be made freer. After the frame is assembled, it is necessary to install fire cut-offs, which are steel plates. The latter will block the air gap. They will not interfere with air exchange.
Facade cladding technology
If you decide to use a ventilated facade for facing the house, then at the next stage you can proceed to the final work, which involves finishing with facing panels. When it comes to steel and wood panels, fastening to the frame system is done using self-tapping screws. When using siding made of PVC, self-tapping screws must also be used. To fix the siding in the products, holes are provided that have an oval shape. They are necessary in order to compensate for the temperature deformations that plastic is subject to.
The ventilated facade can be made using porcelain stoneware, fiber cement or clinker-based thermal panels. In these cases, you need to use clip-on clips. The joints formed by the panels must be closed with flashings or treated with sealant, in the latter case we are talking about masonry and brickwork, or rather, about panels that imitate this finish. Ventilated porcelain stoneware facade technologyalmost indistinguishable from that used when using finishes based on other materials.
Varieties of ventilated facades
Ventilated facades, the types of which will be presented below, have excellent external characteristics. Before starting work, you have to choose the type of this finish that suits you in terms of installation technology and appearance. Before starting work, you need to objectively assess your capabilities.
Porcelain tile
One of the types of hinged facades is porcelain stoneware. A porcelain stoneware slab is used as an external finish, while under it there is also a heater, which is fixed on the profile with the help of clamps. Mineral wool also acts as a heater here. Such a facade is not afraid of seasonal changes and is characterized by a long lifespan, it copes well with aggressive environmental influences, it is easy to operate, it is also popular for the reason that it has a low cost. When choosing porcelain stoneware, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the tile, which must be a multiple of the size of the facade of the building. Experts recommend choosing a tile that has more impressive dimensions, for example, 800x800 mm, 600x1200 mm or 600x600 mm.
Siding
Another type of ventilated facade involves the use of siding as a finish. The ventilated facade, the photo of which is presented in the article, will allow you to make a choice. If aif you prefer siding, you can choose between panels made of wood, steel or galvanized. As a rule, when carrying out facade work, galvanized or vinyl panels are used. Such products are durable, easy to install, reliable and low cost. In appearance, the siding is very attractive. Coatings do not rot, do not need to be painted, and they have excellent technical characteristics. It is easy to care for the coating, it is enough to wash it with water.
Metal cassettes
The next type of hinged facade is metal cassettes, which are steel panels with curved edges. Considering the ventilated facades, the types of which are presented here, it can be noted that the metal cassettes are made of galvanized with a polymer coating. You can choose unpainted galvanized metal cassettes, which must be treated with a decorative coating. If you live in a region with difficult climatic conditions, metal cassettes are just right for the facade of your house, as they are resistant to external damage. In addition, they have an attractive luster and aesthetic appearance. You can not be afraid that the metal cassettes will burn out, as they perfectly reflect the sun's rays and retain their appearance throughout the entire service life.
Fiber cement ventilated facades
If the hinged ventilated facade is mounted using fiber cement boards, this will reducemetal content of the structure. When installing such a system, you will have to use a movable type bracket. This indicates that you will not need to level the walls before starting work, as the bracket will compensate for the unevenness of the walls. Fiber cement boards are characterized by high frost resistance, density and long service life. For private houses, the issue of fire safety is especially relevant, the fiber cement facade does not ignite, which is why it is so popular among a private developer. You can not be afraid that such a ventilated facade, the photo of which is presented in the article, will be exposed to microorganisms, due to the fact that fiber cement boards are not able to create conditions for the development of bacteria. Due to the fact that fiber cement boards are mounted using dry technology, they can be installed throughout the year. With this finish, you can change the geometry of the facade.
Natural stone
Hinged ventilated facade, the photo of which must be considered before purchasing materials, may be composed of natural stone. The use of such material guarantees the strengthening of the protective functions of the walls, in addition, you will be able to significantly extend the life of the structure. Among the additional poles of such structures is a high level of sound absorption, which is significant for people living in megacities, it is also important for homeowners who live close to highways. Ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware, the installation technology of which is similar to thatused when installing a natural stone system, does not burn. When installing it, you will have to use brackets in the amount of three pieces. Porcelain façades are less likely to freeze through and are easier to install.
Metal siding
Steel siding is the easiest to install, it has a fairly attractive appearance and is common in private construction. It is used when carrying out external finishing of buildings of any functional purpose. This points to the versatility of steel siding. Such a coating does not lose its physical characteristics over time, it can be used in a wide temperature range - from -50 to +80 0С. Facing ventilated facades involves the use of additional elements, which are highly durable.
