Fireproof cable has been used in power supply for many years. Previously, it was made on the basis of bas alt threads, fiberglass, mica and other non-combustible materials. Production required a lot of time, and the design was quite complex. At the same time, the high cost limited the scope: it could only be found at strategic sites.
Comparison with standard variant
When installing power supply systems, the fire safety of cable lines and wiring has always been of particular importance. Overloading of lines and their failure often lead to fires. An extensive network of communications is able to provide not only the convenience of using energy consumers, but also the spread of flame throughout the structure.
Standard wiring in the combustion process is characterized by significant heat generation, while the value may increase independing on the mass and materials used for the sheath and insulation. At the same time, asphyxiating gaseous products are released, which complicates the evacuation of people and increases the risk of poisoning with toxic and corrosive substances.
Features
Today, fire safety regulations have become more stringent, among the innovations is a regulation indicating the need to use fire-resistant wiring, such as FRLS cable, YnKY and other options, to equip fire protection mechanisms. The functioning of such elements remains at the same level even when fire spreads throughout the building. Emergency lighting, warning systems must continue to operate for a long time to ensure the evacuation of victims.
Currently, materials have been created that have sufficient characteristics, among them Wacker brand silicones. Devices made on their basis remain operational even when exposed to temperatures above 1000 degrees. This is possible thanks to the insulating surface made of special rubber, which forms a dense ceramic layer in a certain temperature range. In addition to a high level of protection, a fire-resistant cable based on it has a relatively low cost.
Why do you need special wiring
Wiring fire, short circuit in the network lead to the spread of fire and possible human casu alties. These problems are not the only ones, no less attention should be paid to the maximummaintaining efficiency and, as a result, long-term operation of ventilation devices and fire extinguishing systems.
Due to the fact that the cable for fire alarms has long been an expensive element, which is difficult to install, it began to become widespread quite recently, so today only a small proportion of buildings are equipped with such products. Products made on a silicone or glass mica base are laid in almost the same way as standard wiring. This is relevant not only for architects and electricians, but also for real estate developers, since it takes less financial investments to create such a network.
Varieties
There are two main types with certain advantages and disadvantages:
- Fire alarm cable with glass mica insulation has high fire resistance characteristics due to the use of special tapes that are resistant to temperature effects. The design consists of conductive elements wrapped with a protective barrier made of glass tapes containing mica. The production is associated with some difficulties, manifested in the winding of conductors with a small cross section and the low speed of applying the tape.
- Fire-resistant power cables with protection in the form of silicone elastomer - thermoplastic rubber, which forms a thermal and electrical insulating barrier. The material in the process of exposure to high temperature conditions creates on the surface of productsa ceramic, reliable, dielectric layer that prevents damage to the conductive wires and keeps the connected systems functioning. Production is carried out in a short time and does not require complex technological actions, since the material is easily applied to the cores.
The FRLS cable has a sheath made of polyvinyl chloride compositions that do not contain halogen components. Products based on special rubber are highly flexible, which ensures easy installation, which is almost indistinguishable from conventional elements.
Fire resistant structures
When fire spreads, not only wiring suffers, but also the reinforcing elements used for its installation, in particular, boxes, clamps and trays. That is why their resistance to fire must be of the appropriate level and tested in advance.
Fire prevention, alarm and evacuation control systems should be equipped with special devices that can maintain their long-term performance and increase the quality of all necessary measures. At the design stage of the building, the functioning of the lines and fire protection systems is calculated in accordance with the time interval allotted for evacuation. To prevent the occurrence of unforeseen situations, fire-resistant wiring, for example, KPSEng-FRLS, should be used, which will increase the time for safe evacuation. The minimum value for high-rise buildings is 1.5 hours, for objects with an average number offloors - 1 hour, for small buildings - 30 minutes.
Use area
Modern advances in technology have made non-flammable connectors more widely available, making them much more widely used. Fire-resistant cable has gained popularity in the creation of systems such as:
- emergency lighting;
- fire alarm;
- automatic extinguishing of local fires.
Increase efficiency
Fire-resistant connecting cable, the price of which starts from 8 rubles per meter, wire elements and loops in a fire alarm must be made with separate wires with copper-based cores. Electrical loops are most often carried out by communication wiring, in some cases, control panels require the use of other types of cables.
If fire protection does not have automated control, dedicated communication lines can be used. At the same time, the elements connected to the system components must have a temperature resistance corresponding to the values of the minimum operating time at the specified location. Increasing fire resistance is possible by selecting more modern types of wiring and choosing the optimal installation location.
Mounting Features
The operability of the SOUE should be ensured by lines that are subject to more stringent requirements. In accordance with the established rules, the connecting elements must be located in the mountingchannels and structures made of special materials that are not subject to combustion. At the same time, the laying of fire-resistant cables can be carried out without the use of boxes with additional stability, they are presented on the Russian market in a sufficient range and are approved for use.
Flame-resistant cable requirements
High demands are placed on the connecting elements, among them the following are the main ones:
- possibility of creating branched group networks;
- a small amount of combustion products released;
- preventing the spread of flame, this function is provided by melting the wire and simultaneously extinguishing the resulting sparks;
- low toxicity of emitted smoke.
Stamps
The modern assortment of connecting and cable products available in stores is represented by a large number of elements with different functions and characteristics. There are both domestic manufacturers producing products such as VVGngd, VVGng FRLS, and foreign brands that provide an extensive selection of different options, for example, halogen-free wiring FLAME-X 950, FLAME-X950, as well as N2XH and YnKY.
Products have an average price category, which helps to expand the scope of their use. The cables are able to ensure the reliability of both fire systems and other devices in fire conditions.
The materials sold by the company differ in sufficient distributionFireKab, an extensive range of quality elements, making it easy to choose.
Russian-made products are no less popular, among them the KPSVV line is the leader - it is distinguished by an acceptable cost and high quality that meets foreign standards.
VVGng-FRLS and KPSEng-FRLS products
Wiring KPSeng-FRLS has become the first product among domestic products with organosilicon protection, which has become mass-produced. Currently, this company produces large batches of products intended to ensure the functioning of fire protection systems. This series complies with all established standards and is actively used in popular fire prevention systems, this was achieved by the formation of high-quality interfacing and communication of existing components. The fire-resistant OPS cable has a pair twist, symmetry and is used to create a stationary branched network.
VVGng-FRLS cables are a kind of products that are resistant to temperature effects, they are made from special plasticizers, characterized by the absence of halogen additives. They maintain an integral structure in open flame and high temperature conditions, and can also be used to provide power to electrical installations necessary to extinguish fires. These products are installed in rooms with a high level of explosion risk and in buildings that require compliance with highsafety requirements. Various communications and systems using such cables are able to function for more than 3 hours.
