It's no secret that a well-designed and equipped water supply system is one of the most necessary elements of home improvement, on which comfort and coziness depend. It can be said that cold and hot water supply systems are the most important in the life support of a house or apartment. But we must remember that the design and calculation of a water supply system, as well as its installation, are quite complex tasks, and it is better to entrust these works to a specialist with sufficient experience in this field.
For example, consider how the water supply system of a private house works. The main components of the system:
- water source;
- pump;
- pipelines;
- inlet distribution manifold;
- water heater;
- optional devices.
Now, in order to understand the purpose of the individual components of the system, let's take a closer look at each element of the water supply and distribution scheme in the house.
In order for the water supply system to be filled with water, a water source is needed. Forfor these purposes, a well, well, pond, etc. can be used.
The pump is used to draw and supply water from the source to the house. There are two types of pumps used for this purpose - deep and external. Deep are divided into well and borehole, differing in the diameter of the body and power. They are lowered directly into the source to a depth, while the outer ones are installed on the surface in special rooms.
Pipelines are used to supply water to the house from the pump (external) and distribute water to rooms and additional equipment (internal). When installing a water supply system, metal-plastic pipes from 1 inch (25.4 mm) or more are mainly used, but polypropylene is also often used. Disputes about the advantages and disadvantages of pipes from the first or second material do not subside among specialists. They are selected by the owner on the recommendation of a specialist when designing the system. To prevent freezing of the external water supply, it is laid below the freezing point of the soil or insulated with various materials produced by the industry and available for free sale in specialized stores.
The distribution manifold is designed for the primary distribution of water to hot water (DHW) and cold water supply systems (CW). It is installed at the entrance of the external pipeline to the house.
Water heating device is designed to heat water, which is filled with
systemhot water supply. Water heaters are divided into two types - storage and flow. Storage type devices can be gas or electric.
In order for the water supply system to work correctly, it is necessary to correctly calculate the required amount of additional equipment, which includes pressure tanks, preliminary and fine filters, pumps to increase water circulation, additional distribution manifolds on the internal circuits of hot water and cold water systems, thermometers, thermostats, servo drives, shut-off and control valves and control automation.
When designing and calculating a water supply scheme, it must be remembered that the more complex the water supply system, the more additional equipment it will require, which means additional significant costs. And vice versa, the simpler the scheme, the more reliable it is.
