Pumps and similar devices involved in pumping various liquids can be conditionally divided into two categories. The first will include units designed to serve clean water, and the second - models designed for polluted environments. This does not mean at all that the second option is initially focused only on the low quality of the media, but in working with reservoirs and rivers, for example, there is no other way out. In solving such problems, a centrifugal surface pump for dirty water is used, which is resistant to blockages. It is usually used for watering activities and, by the way, not only in working with polluted sources.
Design features and principle of operation
Such units have a horizontal positioning of the structure, since they are operated as a surface device and are fixed on the ground. In this position, the centrifugal surface pump is more stable, despite the active operation of the inner wheel. Actually, due to the rotation of the blades of this element, the centrifugal force is realized. The serviced carrier also passes here, after which it is thrown along the walls and sent to the outlet channel. As a result, water bypasses several stages of circulation - first it enters the main chamber of the pump through a hose, then it is processed by the blades and sent through the outlet channel to the irrigation system or to another consumer.
Entry level versions are designed with one impeller. Such models are usually used for watering summer cottages. However, the centrifugal surface pump for the well, which is involved in the water supply system at home, has a more complex device and several internal wheels.
Key Features
The lifting height, performance, and in some cases the dimensions of the pump with the casing material should be taken into account. As for the first parameter, standard versions are capable of lifting 20-30 m. In models designed for wells, this value can reach 70 m. Productivity is most often related to the lifting height and varies on average from 20 to 150 l / min. The dimensions of the installation usually correspond to the specifics of the application. A traditional centrifugal surface pump is quite impressive in size, but if we are talking about modifications designed to work in a well, then the dimensions can be noticeably reduced. The situation is similar with materials of manufacture. Under normal operating conditions, plastic models can be used on the surface, but for harsh conditions it is recommendedpurchase cast iron units and modifications with stainless steel cases.
Well Models
The design of centrifugal units also provides for the possibility of creating devices that can be used for a well. For example, in the lines of household models, there are often units with a small power of about 550 W, capable of supplying water from sources remote in depth. In the organization of complex multi-stage irrigation systems, an auxiliary centrifugal surface pump can also be used, which will perform the function of stabilizing pressure and distributing water. These units can also be used for professional purposes. For example, for emptying contaminated areas in enterprises, pumping working fluids, etc.
Versions for the well
Water from wells can be pumped not only for the purpose of further irrigation, but also for household needs in the house. In this case, a large amount of water supply and a unit corresponding in power is required. The best option would be a surface centrifugal pump for a well in the form of an autonomous station. Such devices are equipped with a capacious tank that can act as a backup water storage.
Before purchasing such a model, you should evaluate its pumping capabilities. In standard versions, pumping stations of this type allow lifting up to 8 meters. To control performance, the user can use a specialrelay, supplemented by working pressure sensors. This example shows that a centrifugal surface pump for dirty water can be used for other purposes, while maintaining the optimal quality of the liquid composition.
Pump Installation
The pump is installed on the surface, after which it is securely fixed. It is important to provide conditions that will not allow the unit to deviate from the set position. Next is the installation of the incoming line. On one side of the hose, it is necessary to attach a check valve, and on the other, connect it to the pump communications. In the process of performing connecting operations, sealing linen or fum-tape should be used, which will add reliability to the transition sections and prevent the risk of leaks. Questions about how to install a surface centrifugal pump in a well usually include taking into account the filling factors of the line. After the check valve is immersed in the well, you can start starting the unit. First of all, the main should be filled, and then the said reserve tank. When the optimum values are reached, the pump will turn off automatically.
Operation and maintenance
The work process involves minimal human participation if the pump design has automatic control systems. In the latest versions, manufacturers supply units with control panels that allow you to control equipment from a distance. Asbreakdowns of surface centrifugal pumps are not uncommon, the risk of their occurrence should be minimized as much as possible. Wear of functional components, malfunction of the centrifugal wheel and poor tightness - these and other problems can be prevented by cleaning the unit in a timely manner and connecting it only to compatible elements.
Conclusion
In terms of functionality and variety of applications, units of this type have no equal. Even in a simple configuration, a centrifugal surface pump is capable of pumping water from rivers, ponds, wells and garden tanks. Another area of operation of structures of this type is drainage. By providing the pump with a float mechanism, the user can leave the equipment running without constant supervision. As water is pumped to a certain level, the system will automatically stop its function without the risk of damage due to idling.
