Initial data used in the design of construction projects or, for example, elements of industrial infrastructure, play a crucial role in the formation of documentation, which is used in the implementation of relevant projects. What are the characteristics of their collection? In what varieties can the relevant information be presented?
What is the essence of design input data?
Initial data for design is the information reflected in the documents that are drawn up with the participation of subjects of legal relations arising in the framework of the implementation of a particular project. Usually construction.
Thus, the main source in the interaction of partners who implement a project in which the construction or repair of a building or structure is carried out can be a contract signed by them. It can be supplemented by documents that record key input data for design, for example, terms of reference. In himusually the wishes of the customer, the conditions for the implementation of the project, various technical requirements are recorded.
The list of initial data for design can be specified taking into account the specifics of a particular project, as well as the conditions for its implementation. The collection of the necessary information within the framework of the design can be carried out both directly by the customer and by the design organization, if this is provided for by an agreement between them.
Formation of initial data
What algorithm can collect the necessary initial data for design?
First of all, the specialist responsible for the formation of the information in question should familiarize himself with the specifics of the object being designed. To do this, he may need active communication specifically with the customer. In the process of communication between these subjects, all types of necessary information must be exchanged, which is necessary for the formation of project documentation.
Initial data for construction design are also collected in the course of interaction between the customer and the design organization on the acquisition by the obligated party of the technical specifications for the facility. This condition is the most important in terms of the development of high-quality project documentation.
Another key step in collecting initial data is obtaining the necessary permits from regulatory authorities, if this, of course, is required based on the specifics of the implementation of a particular project. The developer of project documentation should also familiarize himself with information aboutwhat minerals are located in the area of work: the possession of this information may affect the formation of plans related to obtaining certain permits.
The design organization may need to get acquainted in detail with the information that is recorded in state registers - such as, for example, the State Property Committee, as well as the USRR. In many cases, familiarization with them precedes the stage in which the designer determines what initial design data should be collected when the organization fulfills its obligations under a specific contract.
The next important task of the designer is to coordinate with the partner the territory for construction work, the places where the objects under construction should be located.
Another important stage in the organization's work is the preparation of a land plot allocation scheme based on the information that is reflected in the cadastral map.
It is worth noting that a specific list of initial data is collected based on the characteristics of a single enterprise, and the process of its formation can be characterized by a large number of nuances.
Let's look at what a typical list of those inputs used in construction projects might be.
Typical list of initial data in construction: document details
Initial data for design in the field of construction can be represented, first of all, by the details of the documents that serve as the basis for the development of documentation. For example:
- federal,regional, municipal or departmental program;
- normative legal act of the executive authority at the federal or regional level, municipality;
- decision issued by the management of the developer company.
In turn, it is also expected to prepare the initial data that must be obtained in order to prepare the project documentation directly.
Initial data for the preparation of project documentation
In this case, we are talking about the formation of the following sources:
- design tasks, if the documentation is prepared on the basis of an agreement;
- reporting documents on the results of engineering work;
- title documents related to the object of the capital construction project, if we are talking about it;
- urban planning plan of the site, which is submitted for the construction of a capital construction object, - approved, as well as duly registered;
- documents related to the use of sites to which the jurisdiction of urban planning regulations cannot be extended;
- technical conditions determined in accordance with the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and other regulations;
- documents certifying the approval of deviations from the norms fixed in the technical specifications;
- documents on deviations from the established limit values for permitted construction of facilities, if necessary based on the specifics of a particular project;
-acts issued by the owner of the facility on its decommissioning, if required by the project implementation plan;
- decisions of the municipal authority in the event that an appropriate sanction is expected;
- information about the specifics of the functional purpose of the object, about the structure of production, features of products or services - as part of the implementation of the project at an industrial enterprise;
- data on the needs of the object in certain types of fuel, gas, water, electricity;
- information about the design capacity, which characterizes the object, if it has an industrial purpose;
- data on the plots that are supposed to be used in the implementation of the construction project;
- information about what categories of land will be used for construction;
- data on the amount of money to be sent to land owners in order to compensate them for possible losses;
- data on the application of various inventions, research results in the implementation of the project;
- substantiation of the available opportunities for the implementation of the project within the framework of individual stages;
- information about the planned costs associated with the modernization of infrastructure located in the construction area;
- layouts of certain designed objects, determination of the boundaries of easements, if required during the implementation of the project.
This list of information is quite impressive, but it cannot be considered exhaustive.
Initial data for design alsomay be supplemented by those contained in the materials in which they are approved:
- conclusion on the structure of the chemical composition of groundwater, soil, concentration of pollutants in the area of construction work;
- information about the available, as well as planned sources of water supply for the project, water protection zones, pressure in the water supply network, water quality, sewerage systems;
- substantiation of methods for laying the heat supply infrastructure;
- data on pipelines, justification of the method of connecting various infrastructure elements within the project, control systems for elevators, alarms, communication networks, television;
- data on the issuance of various permits by type, as well as fuel limits;
- justification for the formation of pipeline routes, as well as the boundaries of the protected area.
Initial data on technological solutions
There are other significant information regarding what is needed to implement the project. Thus, the initial data for design can be supplemented with information related to technological solutions in the framework of the project. Namely:
- reflecting facts about the production program, characteristics of production technologies, requirements for ensuring the functioning of business operations, information about the main resources that are used for the needs of the enterprise;
- including the characteristics of the sources of supply to the company of raw materials and materials, if within the projectconstruction of industrial facilities is underway;
- containing a description of the various requirements for the parameters of manufactured products, again, if we are talking about production facilities;
- including justification of indicators, as well as characteristics of technological processes carried out at the enterprise;
- reflecting the description of the types of auxiliary types of equipment, vehicles, as well as various mechanisms.
What other parameters will need to be specified in the documentation? The collection of initial data for design can also be carried out in order to form sources that reflect information about organizations involved in legal relations.
Initial data on participants in legal relations
So, with regard to the relevant documents, they should reflect the data:
- on determining the general contractor, as well as on the availability of equipment, human resources;
- about the technological capabilities of the respective organization;
- about the technical conditions for connecting objects to various engineering networks, communication infrastructure, about the availability of roads in the construction area;
- on the definition of territories for the implementation of various technological needs of production.
Another type of document that may require initial data is those related to construction estimates.
Initial data on the construction estimate
Building design input related to datasources may include:
- basic coefficients necessary for the formation of estimates, for example, temporary, planned winter, as well as invoices;
- a scheme for the delivery of various materials to the construction site.
Preparation of initial data for design can be carried out in other areas not directly related to construction. For example, in the field of mechanical processing. Let's consider how the initial data of technological design can be formed when solving problems in this area.
Initial data for machining
The information under consideration is most often recorded in the following main documents:
- drawings, specifications, reflecting the specifics of the issue, as well as the acceptance of the product;
- drawings that reflect the original workpieces that are related to machining;
- production tasks for the release of the product, which can fix the volume, as well as the timing of the release of goods.
When preparing the relevant documents, the subject of legal relations must take into account, first of all, the peculiarities of the organization of production.
So, the collection of initial data for design may involve consideration of the characteristics of industrial equipment, the degree to which the organization is provided with the necessary tools, mechanisms, and personnel. The work of specialists preparing the documents in question should be based on the provisions of regulations, reference books,various guidelines, classifiers, standards related to the field of production in which the company operates.
Industry-specific definition of initial data
There is also industry specificity in the formation of initial data. What could it be?
First of all, the need to follow the norms of various industry regulations. So, for example, there is a Regulation on the initial data for design, approved by the Deputy Minister of Industry of the Russian Federation on January 30, 2002. This source of law regulates how the initial data should be formed in order to design the output of products that are produced by enterprises in the chemical industry.
At the same time, the jurisdiction of this normative act extends to all enterprises, regardless of the specific organizational and legal form of business. The regulation on the initial data for design, approved for chemical industry enterprises, establishes how the composition, development, design, approval process, and approval of the relevant information should be determined.
Initial data generation and regulation
It is noteworthy that the industry normative act - the Regulation on initial data - includes norms according to which, when developing documentation, a competent specialist should also be guided by the provisions of federal regulations. For example, such as federal lawNo. 116-FZ, adopted on July 21, 1997, which regulates industrial safety issues.
Development of initial data, design of documents that will reflect the information necessary for the implementation of certain projects, should be based, therefore, on the provisions of regulations that can be adopted at different levels. Of course, not only normative sources at the level of federal laws or departmental legal acts can be taken into account, but also local norms reflected in internal corporate administrative documents.
