People living in rural areas are partly deprived of the civilized benefits of city dwellers. In most cases, the private building sector does not have a central water supply. Today, it is not difficult to correct the situation and establish a life with comfortable living anywhere - in the country, in a village house. How to install, operate and repair water pumps for your home, read this article.
Purpose of the water station
- Any installation performs three functions: it pumps water from a well, maintains the appropriate pressure, and continuously ensures an uninterrupted supply of fluid to the house. Moreover, different nodes are responsible for these functions.
- The first option is implemented using a pump and a control sensor. Water is supplied by the pump, and the sensor turns it on and off.
- Completely different units are responsible for pressure stabilization. This work is done by a hydraulic accumulator andcontrol sensor that monitors the pressure in it. The battery itself maintains the pressure of water in the water supply. This is achieved by its own overpressure.
- The third option is implemented using all nodes, but the main role is played by the accumulator. It contains all the water supplies, renewable by the pump, the operation of which is controlled by a pressure and level sensor.
Where to drill a well?
If the house has not yet been built, the location of the well is determined by the boundaries of the future home. It should be in the basement or basement. This location of the well is very convenient. Here it is easier to protect the pipeline and pump from freezing. But very often you have to drill a well when the house is built. Then it is placed at a closer distance from the foundation. This reduces the length of the lines and the costs associated with insulating pipelines.
Well depth
This indicator determines how water will rise to the surface. If the well is more than twenty meters, the water rises using a deep pump and an intermediate tank equipped with sensors to measure the water level. From the tank, water enters the inlet of such a device that will maintain pressure in the water supply network. It's called a hydrophore.
With a well depth of less than twenty meters, a compact automatic water pumping station is installed. It is quite suitable for giving. This unit is distinguished by its reliability and the combination of two units inone - a deep pump and a hydrophore. In this case, there is no need for an intermediate tank and an automatic system that controls its filling. The water raised from the bowels of the earth is immediately sent to the water supply.
Installation of equipment
- The trench is dug below the layer of frozen soil. The pipe is laid on a sand cushion.
- The pumping station is placed in a heated or insulated room. The basement of the house is suitable for this.
- It is better to install the station on an elevated place. This will protect the pump if the basement floods for some reason.
- The pump must not touch the walls, otherwise vibration will spread through them during its operation.
- The pumping water station is installed at a short distance from the water intake.
- The well must be closed and insulated.
- A non-return valve is installed at the end of the water suction pipe. This is to prevent water from escaping when the pump turns off.
- When connecting water pumping stations, you must follow all the rules for working with electrical equipment.
How does the water pumping station work?
The principle of operation is very simple. If the water in the house comes from a well, then a hose is lowered into it. When the station is turned on, water flows through it into the tank. When it is filled to the required volume, the station automatically turns off. During the opening of the tap in the bathroom or in the kitchen, water under a certain pressure flows to it. Duringuse of a liquid, its pressure and level fall. When these indicators reach a certain level, the water station turns on again and the reservoir is filled with water. All this happens automatically. The station itself is cooled by cold water, which constantly circulates in the system.
Types of installations
Water pumping stations are of several types. Vortex installations are placed on the surface. Functioning is carried out due to the pressure created in the system using a wheel with blades. Without initial pressure, the station will not work.
Therefore, you need to create it, for which water is poured into the tank before the start of the first start. These water stations are very sensitive to temperature changes in water. The price increases due to the fact that the premises where the installations will be located need to be insulated. And these are additional costs.
The centrifugal stations use the pressure generated by the centrifugal wheel of the pump.
They, in turn, are divided into two types:
- Submersible, when the pump is completely in the water.
- Semi-submersible - the pump can be installed above the water level. This option is more suitable for drilling and artesian wells. This type of water station can withstand severe temperature changes in water. This is achieved through design features.
Varieties of pumping stations
- They are subdivided according todestination. To pump water from a well or a well dug to a shallow depth, as well as to increase the pressure in the water supply system, a water supply pumping station is used. This unit is small, low noise, mains powered and pumps a small amount of water. The water station for the house is deservedly in demand. The price of such an installation is acceptable for a family with any income (from 5000 rubles).
- If you need to pump out water from a pond, drain a plot or pump out drainage liquid, it is better to use a pumping station that pumps groundwater. The priority task of this installation is to pump a large amount of liquid in a shorter period of time.
A pumping station for drain pits is used to pump sewage. This installation differs from previous stations in the material from which the pump casing is made and powerful knives
Installation failures
- It happens that the water station works, but the water does not pump. First you need to check the pipelines for leaks, especially the joints and the check valve. Remember to check for water between the pump and the well. If the installation is correct, it should be there. There must always be water in the pump. In its absence, you need to fill the container through a special hole. It happens that the well runs out of water. In this case, you need to lower the hose deeper. Such a malfunction also occurs with low voltage in the network. Should be checkingengine operation. If it is defective, replace it.
- Sometimes the pump turns on too often and the water is pumped in jerks. Such problems in the water station are due to a malfunction of the pressure gauge. Perhaps there was a rupture of the membrane located in the tank. This is easily checked with a nipple. If water appears when you press it, then the membrane needs to be changed, it is faulty.
- Often, when the pump is running at full capacity, water is supplied intermittently. The cause of such a malfunction may be air that enters the pump from somewhere. To fix this problem, you need to check the water level in the well. If its readings do not correspond to the norm, it means that a hole has formed in the pipeline, through which air trickles leak. If this place is found, it must be urgently repaired.
- If the pump does not turn on, but pumps water, the pressure switch is faulty. The fact is that it consists of two springs. The upper and lower levels are adjusted by a larger spring, and the pressure difference between the levels of the springs is only by the lower one. You should pay attention to this, and in case of a malfunction, replace the relay. Such a breakdown can happen due to blocking of the inlet with s alts if the water is bad. In this case, the relay just needs to be cleaned.
- When the pump does not work at all, you should check the relay contacts. Perhaps they burned out. Such a malfunction occurs if the engine burns out. This can be understood by smell. Repair of water stations in this case is betterbe performed by a specialist.
- The pump may hum but not spin. This happens when the pump has not been used for a long time. To start it, just grab the engine impeller with your hand and turn it, and then plug the unit into the network.
Pump station selection
The water station for giving has some restrictions on its operation. Not transferable:
- Sea water, as it contains a lot of sand and debris.
- Water that is over thirty-five degrees.
- It is not allowed to operate the unit without water.
When choosing a water station, you should pay attention to:
- On the presence of a check valve. It protects the installation if it is without water. This extends the life of the station.
- On the condition of the inlet filter, which protects the check valve and the entire pump from dirt, which helps to extend the service life. If necessary, the filter can be quickly removed and easily cleaned.
