Country areas today are equipped with the latest technology. One of the important factors that primarily affects the comfort of a person’s stay there is the presence of communication systems, among which it is necessary to highlight not only water supply, but also sewerage.
If you decide to move away from the old-fashioned methods that involve the disposal of sewage, then you can consider systems that can work automatically and do not involve the presence of a person. They will be discussed below. But for the full picture, it is necessary to pay attention also to those systems that involve intervention.
The main types of sewage for summer cottages: cesspool system
Country sewerage can be equipped on the principle of a cesspool system. It involves the collection of sewage. For the manufacture of such systems, today they have ceased to use clay, which used to serve as a layer of insulation. In addition, the design has become more powerful, so it is capable ofprotect nature from household pollution.
Instead of ordinary cesspools, airtight containers are used today, which can be represented:
- concrete rings;
- plastic products;
- metal barrels;
- pits from different materials.
For reference
As for the latter option, it may involve the use of concrete blocks and bricks, the former of which are insulated on both sides. By equipping a suburban sewage system according to the principle of a cesspool, you gain the ability to install a cheap and simple system. The construction will not be difficult, but such a sewer will have to be maintained constantly. As the container fills up, it must be cleaned using a cesspool machine, a special pump, or on your own.
When to choose a septic tank
This system, as practice shows, is one of the most successful. It is not very expensive, and the efficiency of sewage disposal remains at a high level. The essence of the septic tank is the natural decomposition of organic matter. The bacteria attack the drains, causing any organic matter to disappear within a few days. But there are substances in the drains that bacteria cannot do.
Compartments come to the rescue here, which can be installed in the amount of several pieces. In each of them, different processes take place. The first container is used to collect sewage. Here drainssettled, and heavy particles sink to the bottom. As for fine particles and water, they enter the next tank. Heavy particles are processed by bacteria, resulting in the formation of sludge. The latter acts as an excellent fertilizer for vegetable gardens and orchards.
Country sewage of this type also has a second compartment, where the process of processing small particles takes place. Purified water flows through the bottom into the ground. The more such containers, the cleaner the water will be at the outlet. To date, several types of septic tanks are known. There are one-piece devices that are a single reservoir that is divided. There are also free-standing containers that are interconnected by pipes.
Autonomous recycling system
If you decide to install a suburban sewage system, you should consider an autonomous system, which is one of the most modern. Such skeptics carry out a complete purification of sewage, and at the output it is possible to obtain almost pure water. Some models even provide 100% cleaning.
Such equipment is quite expensive, it is better to entrust its installation to professionals. Such sewer systems are usually purchased in a clubbing. One septic tank is installed on several houses. It is important to accurately select the power of the equipment and its performance, these parameters will depend on the number of drains.
Septic scheme
Scheme of suburban sewerage can be seen onexample of a septic tank made of concrete rings. The first section in this case has a concrete bottom. It has a sloped pipe. It should be approximately 2 cm per 1 m of length. The device of the first and second sections is identical, but the second container may be smaller. The role of this compartment is to filter. This tank contains materials that provide natural cleaning, among them, expanded clay and gravel should be distinguished.
The filtered fraction enters the third tank, from where the liquid is removed through the drainage into the soil. If you plan to use a vacuum truck to clean this tank, then you should place the tank closer to the road.
Installation of an autonomous sewage system
An autonomous suburban sewage system is installed after determining its location. To do this, a hole is dug on the territory, the dimensions of which will depend on the parameters of the acquired structure. Craftsmen should dig a trench 60 cm deep. In this case, the slope will be 3%, which is true for a 110 mm sewer pipe.
Next, another trench is being prepared, where a discharge pipe of the same diameter should be laid, but it should be additionally insulated. If you decide to use just such a suburban sewage system, then the next step is to lower the station into the pit and level it.
The next step is to connect the pipes. If the length of the supply line exceeds 20 m, then it is important to equip a manhole that will excludeblockages. Communications are connected to the station, in addition, an emergency system lamp and a float should be connected. To check the operation of the pumps, you first need to turn on the station, only after that it is completely backfilled and the trenches are backfilled. The system is masked by a lawn, covered with a flower pot or artificial stone.
Sewerage with filter well and filtration field
When considering the types of sewerage for a country house, you should pay attention to septic tanks that have a filter well. Such systems are relevant at a low location of groundwater. The filtration well usually consists of several reinforced concrete rings without a bottom.
As for the filtration field, it is set when the groundwater level is within 1.5 m. This is also true for the case when the soil has poor drainage capacity. At the same time, sewage is diverted to the filtration fields. Such sewerage in the country has quite extensive areas in which the natural soil is replaced by rubble and sand. Water from the septic tank enters this field through perforated pipes, where it passes through the layers and is cleaned, and then goes into the lower soil layers. At the same time, the sewerage in the country house has a filter field, which has a layering. The layers suggest the presence of sand, then comes the rubble, which houses the drainage pipes.
Conclusion
City dwellers today are accustomed to comfort, therefore, spending time in the country, they no longer intend to put up with the lack of amenities. However, outside the city, as a rule, there is no full-fledged sewerage system. Therefore, the arrangement of such structures is the concern of the owners. This business cannot be called simple, however, having understood the intricacies and technologies, you can design and build a sewer with your own hands. At this stage, it is also important to choose the type of system. This can be an independent sewerage system, a septic tank or modern systems, the operation of which requires the presence of electricity.
