When carrying out work on finishing various surfaces, a material such as putty is often used. With it, you can level the walls and prepare them for subsequent painting and wallpapering. You just need to know how to spread the putty correctly. During preparation, it is necessary to take into account some details, for example, the type of putty, as well as for what work it can be used. The ratio of dry mix to water should also be taken into account, as this may affect the quality of the work performed.
Varieties of putty
The construction market offers a huge selection of putty materials. They are sold ready-to-use or dry. To prepare dry putty for finishing work, you should take into account its basis and how to properly dilute the putty. Its scope and method of preparation depends on this.
Gypsum-based putty
This putty is used for indoor work. She is white in color. The product must not be used in areas with high air humidity. The putty is intendedonly for finishing surfaces of dry rooms with heating. It can be applied in the bedroom, hall, anteroom and rarely in the kitchen.
The mixture is applied to the walls before wallpapering or painting, taking into account the rules indicating how to dilute gypsum putty.
Cement based putty
With this type of putty, you can eliminate all irregularities, differences and various cracks by applying the product to the wall surface. It is suitable for work in any premises - both in dry and with high humidity. Also, cement putty can be used to finish the facades of buildings made of concrete, brick and stone.
In the store you can buy a dry mix of cement putty in special packages or a ready-made mortar. Liquid putty has a number of disadvantages: when dried, shrinkage occurs, and the applied thick layer of the mixture may crack. It is sold in special plastic containers.
As for the dry mix, you should know how to dilute putty with a cement base. The required consistency is achieved by kneading. The putty has good adhesion and excellent strength (cracks do not appear when completely dry). But this is only on condition that it is properly prepared and applied to the surface.
Polymer putty
This putty is used for interior decoration only. It has high elasticity, strength and durability. These qualities are achieved due to thecomposition of putty polymers.
Dry polymer putty is used for starting and finishing work. The mixture of starting putty has high strength. It is used in primary processing to level surfaces and seal cracks.
Finish putty has small grains. Thanks to them, the finished and sanded wall will have a smooth and flawlessly flat surface. The mixture should be applied thinly.
Also produce polymer universal putty, ready for use. It can be used for both starting and finishing work, on surfaces without major defects.
Given all the features and proportions, you should know how to putty for walls and other surfaces on different bases.
Features of dilution of putty
As in any business, there are certain features. You should know before you figure out for yourself how to breed putty: the proportions must correspond to the type of product. There are several types of it:
- for starting work;
- for finishing work;
- for wall decoration;
- for processing ceilings;
- for facade finishing;
- for indoor use.
The answer to the question of how to spread the putty will depend on what type of putty will be used when working. Indeed, for a certain type of solution, a fixed amount of water is needed. It should be the prescribed thickness and consistency.
- When using 1 kg of dry gypsummixtures (for example, Fugenfüller putty) you need to take 0.8 liters of water.
- When using cement putty, 0.37 - 0.42 liters of water is needed for 1 kg of dry mix, and 7.4-8.4 liters of water should be used for 20 kg.
- How to breed wall putty? The proportions for a dry polymer mixture are as follows: for 25 kg you need about 10 liters of water.
Starting putty is used to level the walls. To hide defects of different sizes, the applied layer can be 6 cm. For this reason, the solution should not be liquid, since it is easier to close up depressions with a thick mixture, and the surface will dry faster.
The method of applying putty on the wall also affects the density of the solution. It should be thicker if applied by hand. When working with an airless spray machine, the solution must be in a liquid state.
When answering the question of how to dilute the finishing putty, you need to know its desired consistency. When using, it should be borne in mind that it must be applied in a thin layer. Therefore, the solution should not be too thick.
Mechanically preparing putty mix
The process of preparing the finishing putty is not too complicated. Before diluting putty, it must be mixed with clean water at room temperature.
In order for the putty mortar to be of high quality, water should be added to the dry mix in small doses. For more efficient mixing, a special tool is used - a construction mixer. kneading possiblealso produce an electric drill with a special nozzle, the power of which should be at least 1.5 kW. But it is best to use a drill with a high number of revolutions. The tool kit of professional specialists often includes a universal construction mixer. It is used only for the preparation of a mixture of putty.
At the beginning of kneading, the speed of the tool should be small. Gradually deepening the whisk, you should expand the kneading area. When the mixture becomes more homogeneous, you can increase the number of revolutions. After stopping kneading for a few minutes, it is necessary to continue the process again. Stir for approximately 10 minutes. So you can get a uniform consistency of putty. When kneading, the speed of the mixer or drill should not be high, because unnecessary air will enter the putty. Because of this, bubbles may occur when applying the putty mixture to the surface to be treated.
Manual mixing
If it is not possible to purchase a special tool, then the solution can be prepared manually using a spatula. Only with this solution will have to tinker a little. In this way, you can prepare putty for starting work, since there are no special requirements for it.
The prepared mixture should be used within 40 minutes. If during this time the putty has not been applied, then it will inevitably thicken. Add water to thickened mixturenot worth it, because this will only worsen the quality. It is better to throw it away and make a new one. Further work with such putty cannot be carried out.
To prepare the next portion of the mixture, the bucket used must be thoroughly washed so that fragments of the old composition do not remain. Thickened particles, once in a new batch, will significantly reduce its working efficiency. For example, it can thicken faster. Water for mixing is used clean, without rust.
To mix putty, you must use a household bucket (galvanized, plastic or enameled). Do not use bowls or other containers that have rounded corners at the bottom. By placing the nozzle of the drill in a bucket of water, you can clean it of the remnants of putty by scrolling in different directions. To do this, use the reverse function. In order for the water to glass from the nozzle, it is necessary to install a drill in a horizontal position on the bucket.
Features of applying putty mixture
After applying the first layer of the mixture to the surface of the wall, there is no need to rush to apply the next one, as it can curl up, tear off the initial layer and increase the drying time. You need to wait for the first layer to dry. Therefore, it is impossible to prime wet putty. It is also not recommended to add a primer to the mixture when diluting dry putty.
Overdrying the first layer can also adversely affect the quality of finishing work. Do not use heaters and artificially raise the temperature in the room - putty candry quickly and crack.
By adhering to these rules and requirements, you can know exactly how to spread putty for walls and other surfaces.
