The optimal solution for the construction of industrial buildings - workshops, factories - is the use of metal structures. Various types of columns are used as load-bearing structures, which differ in the type of section (rectangular, round, I-beam and channel) and in the method of production (rolled and welded). Enclosing links are, as a rule, reinforced concrete hinged slabs. Ceilings are installed on metal crossbars and beams, but the coating (profiled flooring is used in modern construction) is placed on metal trusses.
Farm production
As a rule, a metal truss is picked up in
depending on the grid of columns and, accordingly, on the span width of the building. Standard sizes - 12, 18, 24 m. Metal trusses are made from various profile elements. Most often, corners are used for welding, which are selected depending on the expected load. To give the structure greater rigidity and strength, each brace and stand is made of two corners, which are connected by the so-called "fish" - a steel bar,brewed between the shelves of the corners. However, metal trusses with this configuration are becoming less and less accepted: the need to weld the corners together requires additional time and material, and the presence of many protrusions and recesses makes the painting process difficult. Trusses made of pipes, as well as combined ones (when elements of various profiles are used for belts, braces and racks) are considered an alternative. High-strength bolts are used to fasten metal elements.
Application of different trusses
Besides the length, the trusses can be distinguished
tuck in their outlines. In industrial and civil construction, metal trusses with parallel, polygonal, triangular and broken belts are used. In the case of roof trusses, the contours change depending on the desired final appearance of the building, because it is from this that the shape of the roof will change. If we are talking about a large industrial building in which heavy equipment operates, such as overhead and overhead cranes, then bridge, tower and crane metal trusses are often used. Drawings of industrial buildings, especially cross sections, most accurately represent the functionality of trusses. By the way, truss trusses often replace beams and crossbars.
Constructive solution
If the building needs to be provided with a canopy, cantilever-type metal trusses are used. In the case of a building with large spans, both split and continuous trusses can be used.
However, the best option is a continuous truss: it is a more rigid and durable structure, due to which it has a lower height than a split truss. Obviously, from the point of view of the cost of materials and the strength of the resulting structure, it is more profitable to use a continuous metal truss.
In the construction of civil buildings - usually small-sized (private houses, cottages) - wooden roof trusses are used. And, of course, metal trusses cannot be written off when building structures such as bridges, towers, etc.
