Installing the floor in any building is a responsible undertaking. The life of the building, the comfort of people depends on this. Particularly high requirements are put forward when arranging the floor in the bath. How to mount such a base? More on that later.
Features of the base
Getting the right floor in a bathhouse is a relatively easy job. In order for the base to meet all the requirements of the standards, it is necessary to consider the specifics of its creation. In this case, it will be possible to build the floor with your own hands.
The floor in the steam room, in the rest room and in the washing room must be safe for the movement of people. Therefore, the surface is made corrugated. However, this is far from the only requirement.
The floor must have an outlet for draining water into the sewer. This allows you to drain the liquid, avoiding its stagnation and decay of finishing materials. There are different schemes for water drainage. The choice depends on the operational features of the complex. In some cases, creating a well-calculated project is indispensable. If the bath is small, the floor can be built with your own hands in accordance with the standardinstructions.
The base must be made of certain materials. This will keep it warm. In the steam room, the surface should not be allowed to be cold. The warm floor in the bath creates not only comfort, but also safety. Stepping on a cold surface after warming up the body is not allowed, otherwise it is easy to get a "heat stroke".
In addition to applying the appropriate flooring, attention will need to be paid to the sequence of construction work. You need to choose the appropriate option for arranging the floor. In this case, it will be comfortable, durable.
Varieties of coverage
There are several options for finishing the floor in the steam room. The ground stays cool here. Therefore, concrete, brick or wood can be used for its arrangement. The choice depends on the personal preferences of the bath owners.
Brick base is extremely rare. This material is able to accumulate heat. As a result, the floor will be hot. This can result in burns. Therefore, the floor should not be laid out of brick in the steam room, where the air is dry and the temperature is high.
The concrete floor in the bath is settled much more often. The service life of such a coating reaches 50 years. However, this option requires large financial costs. The base is cold, so for its arrangement you need to purchase high-quality insulation. At the same time, the duration of work on creating such a floor can be more than a month.
The most popular option for finishing the floor in the bath is to usewood. It is environmentally friendly, beautiful and warm material. It is easy to install. It does not take a lot of effort, time and money to arrange. The disadvantage of wooden structures is their fragility. After 5-7 years, the coating will have to be changed. This is one of the best options for finishing the floor in the steam room.
Varieties of wooden floors
The wooden floor in the bath is made in two versions: leaking and non-leaking type of base. The first option is cheaper. This is a flooring of boards, between which there is a small distance. Through these cracks, water penetrates down, seeps into the ground and is effectively removed from the steam room. In this case, it is not necessary to equip the sewer outlet. This is an extremely simple design.
Drainage pit is being built underground in the leaking system. At the same time, it is also impossible to mount a layer of insulation here. Boards are not nailed to the joists. They need to be removed and taken out into the street after each use of the bath. That way they can dry out. Otherwise, fungus will appear on the boards, which destroys them.
This type of installation is suitable for southern regions. It will be possible to operate the bath only during the warm period. In winter, the steam room will be very cold. A cold floor, which, for all its simplicity, is rarely created by the owners of baths.
The device floor in the bath can be made of boards in the form of a non-leaking structure. This is a more complex system to install. This type of coating has an outlet to the sewer or a special container under the floor. From it, water will be discharged from the room. Suchthe version of the system can be insulated, so it is used in the northern regions and in baths that are operated all year round.
Wood floor materials
The floor in the bath is equipped with special types of wood. Not every variety is suitable for this. You need to pick up edged or planed boards. Their surface must be well polished. The thickness of such boards is from 3 cm (preferably 5 cm). They must be of normal humidity. For logs, they purchase material with dimensions of 10 x 10 or 10 x 15 cm. They take high quality timber.
Larch boards are best for creating flooring. This is a durable, non-absorbent type of wood. It is not subject to decay. Larch is durable. However, the cost of this material is quite high. Finding it for sale is hard.
Many bath owners prefer to create flooring from boards of a different type. Aspen is perfect for these purposes. You can also use well-finished spruce boards. Pine is not used for a steam room, as it releases resins. It is better to purchase material from linden or poplar.
You can't make flooring in an oak bath. This material becomes slippery when wet. It will be unsafe to operate the bathhouse in this case.
Arrangement of a leaking floor
To create floors of a leaky type, you need to make a lag system. They are usually laid on the ground. If it is clayey, it will be necessary to build a special container for collecting wastewater. At the same time, the drain for the floor in the bath is notwould need. Water will seep between the planks.
The beam for the lag needs to be treated with an antiseptic composition. The surface of the soil should be well leveled and compacted. After a layer of gravel is poured. It is also rammed. If a tank is to be installed, it is necessary to make a slope for water in its direction. After that, brick columns are installed. These will be the supports for the lag.
To do this, dig holes about 70 cm deep. They should be wider than 2 bricks. Sand and gravel are poured down. A layer of waterproofing is laid. A layer of cement is poured on top. Bricks are laid on it. The column is lined up. When it is of sufficient height, it is again wrapped with waterproofing. Logs are laid on the posts at a distance of 50 cm. Under them there should be a pillow made of roofing material.
Considering how to make the floor in the bath, it should be said that the boards are not nailed to the logs. There should be a distance of about 3 mm between them. They also cannot touch walls. Lags are made higher than the top line of the foundation.
Arrangement of a non-leaking floor
Creating a non-leaking heated floor in a bath is a complex procedure. However, the sauna can be used all year round. Anyone can install. To do this, use the instructions.
First, the water drainage system is mounted. It can be connected to the central sewer or be autonomous. Dig a hole in which there will be a reservoir for collecting runoff. The container must be concreted. The withdrawal is made in the gutter or incentralized sewerage system.
A pipe with a diameter of 200 mm is used to drain wastewater. The container is connected to a drain, which will be equipped in the floor covering. For this, a second pipe is used, which has a siphon at the outlet. It should be freely accessible. So it can, if necessary, be cleaned of accumulated hair, dirt.
Then the surface is prepared. The soil layer is removed and covered with sand, tamped, and gravel is poured. You can additionally pour a cement screed 5 cm thick or do without it. A layer of waterproofing (roofing felt) is laid on the surface of the site, a heater is mounted. It can be expanded polystyrene or expanded clay. After the lags are mounted. They are lined with a rough layer of boards. In the reverse order, with the help of self-tapping screws, the finishing flooring is attached. It is necessary to make a slope towards the drain.
Leakproof floor materials
How to make a warm floor in the bath? Pay attention to the choice of materials for this work. The quality of the final result and the durability of the finish depend on this.
To create a non-leaking floor, a planed board is used. Its thickness should be at least 3 cm. Grooved material is best suited for these purposes. On one side of such a board there is a groove, and on the other side there is a protrusion (tongue).
It is important to select high-quality lags. For this, a beam with a section of 5 x 5 or 5 x 7 cm is suitable. At the same time, pay attention to the choice of wood species. In this case, both deciduous and coniferous species are suitable. Linden or pine boards are also suitable.
WhenArrangement of non-leaking floors must necessarily provide for the presence of ventilation holes in the foundation. This is a mandatory requirement. Otherwise, their service life will be short. The floor is made 10 cm higher than the edge of the foundation
Concrete floor material
There is a certain technique for how to insulate the floor in the bath when arranging a concrete screed. This type of surface is considered cold. Therefore, the choice of materials must be approached responsibly. Such a base should have a layer of insulation. However, the flooring on the floor surface still needs to be equipped.
To pour a concrete floor, you will need to prepare a sufficient amount of mortar. It includes cement, sand, and water in a certain proportion. Special formulations that are on sale are distinguished by a well-chosen ratio of all components. Also, their composition may include various plasticizers and additives. They improve the quality of the screed.
To prepare the solution, prepare a container and a perforator with a special nozzle. Also use a concrete mixer. The cost of special equipment is high, so it is rarely purchased for private construction.
When choosing the composition of the solution, you need to consider what kind of finish coating the floor will have. If it is flooring from boards, you can purchase the usual mixture. For the subsequent finishing of the base with tiles, you need to purchase a self-leveling mortar. Added to the composition and plasticizer.
Arrangement of concrete base
The floor in the bath with your own hands can be made of concrete. The process is carried out in 3 stages. First, preparatory work is carried out. Effluent system is being installed. It consists of 2 pipes and a tank. To do this, dig a hole in the ground and concrete its walls and bottom. The concrete layer should be no more than 5 cm.
The pipe from the tank is diverted to a septic tank or gutter. A drain into a centralized sewer system can be organized. The second pipe exits the bath into the tank. It will be equipped with a special valve that will prevent unpleasant odors from entering the room.
When the drainage system is installed, you can start creating a concrete base. First, the site is leveled and rammed. First, a layer of sand (15 cm) is poured, it is carefully compacted. After pouring a layer of gravel (up to 10 cm). It is also qualitatively aligned.
Then, a 5 cm layer of mortar is poured with a slope towards the drain. There is a gap between the foundation and the walls, which will need to be covered with bitumen. When this layer dries, lay a layer of insulation on the prepared base. Expanded clay, expanded polystyrene (thickness not less than 3 cm) is suitable. It is allowed to use mineral wool. Under it you need to lay a layer of vapor barrier. A reinforcing mesh with a mesh size of 10 x 10 mm is laid on the insulation.
Finishing the concrete floor
Before the final filling, the floor in the bath is covered with waterproofing. Beacons are installed on top. They will fill the layer. Step between lighthousesyou need to do no more than 1 m.
Filling is carried out from the far corner of the room. You need to move towards the exit. The surface is leveled in a circular motion. For this, a trowel is used. To prevent voids from forming in the solution, a plasticizer is added to the composition and special equipment (vibrator) is used.
The screed dries for about a month. It should not quickly lose moisture. The surface should be watered periodically. Otherwise, the solution cannot gain strength. After the layer has completely solidified, finishing is carried out. Boards, ceramic tiles are laid on the surface or the floor is left uncovered. After that, you can use the premises for their intended purpose.
Having considered how the floor is created in the bath, you can finish it yourself. The result will be no worse than with the work of professional builders. Remember that there are certain fire requirements for baths. Due to the high likelihood of fire, it is important to follow safety rules during self-construction and decoration. This applies to the installation of the chimney, as well as the size of the room.
