The heating system of a private house in most cases is organized on the basis of a boiler. By selecting the unit according to the characteristics of thermal power and functionality, you can organize an effective system to create an optimal home microclimate. However, the performance of the equipment depends not only on its characteristics. During operation, the boiler piping will be of great importance, which determines the energy efficiency of the heating system, its safety and reliability.
What equipment does the boiler interact with?
As the functionality of the heating units increases, the zone of action also expands. If traditional wood-fired boilers with a single circuit are capable of producing only thermal energy, then modern multifunctional installations support a whole range of tasks, including the maintenance of domestic hot water. Boiler water heating alone covers radiators, floor heating system and otherscircuits through which the coolant is distributed. In each case, complex configurations of the boiler piping are implemented, involving mounting fittings from different groups. At a minimum, these should be distribution units, valves, taps, locking fittings, thermostats and, in general, control automation. One of the most critical piping circuits is the connection line to the circulation pump, which maintains sufficient water movement through the organized system.
Optimal strapping material
Plumbing connections are being actively transferred to plastic pipes and related fittings. This is a practical, convenient and financially justified solution, but there are a number of nuances in using this material. So, underwater channels in accordance with the regulations must be rigid. Therefore, it is recommended to join propylene with metal components on the sections of the approach to the nozzles. At home, this problem is often solved by means of a steel drive or "American". Further, the channels are distributed by plastic. It is convenient in the implementation of complex circuits, but you need to be careful when making connections in circuits.
It is advisable to mount the piping of the heating boiler using the method of soldering pipes, using fittings of suitable formats in parallel. It is desirable to avoid abrupt transitions, since the same polypropylene under dynamic loads loses the rigidity of the joints and leaks can be detected after a while. The only material that should be completely abandoned in the installation of the strapping is rubber and all of it.derivatives from tow to paronite with rubber. When exposed to heat, they quickly lose their sealing and adhesive qualities, reducing the reliability of the system.
Tethering in a natural circulation system
This configuration is considered simplified as it does not have a circulation pump. The user will need to organize the system in such a way that the movement of the coolant occurs arbitrarily without power support. The same applies to the outflow of cold water. A typical set of additional equipment in this system is a combination of an expansion tank and a radiator. Electrical connections are excluded, as is the mains connection in principle. Before tying the boiler, accurate calculations are made of the diameter of the pipes, the slope of the laying contours and the scheme of interaction of the collectors with the water supply. It is assumed that the heating unit at the top will provide the coolant to the radiators, and at the bottom it will receive cold flows from the central pipeline.
Performing tying in a forced circulation system
The inclusion of a pump in the system provides three positive performance factors:
- Reducing the size of the switching infrastructure (strapping).
- Possibility to automate control.
- Stability of maintaining the force of movement of the coolant.
But even in this case, one cannot do without careful calculations on the balances of the flow circulation. Primarilyat the lower point of supply, a pump is connected to stimulate the passage of cold water. At the upper level, the piping of double-circuit boilers also provides for the inclusion of a circulation unit that will serve the hot streams entering the radiator installation. A fundamental feature of such a scheme will be the possibility of introducing a boiler plant with hydraulic heat equalizers for all circuits. But, again, it is possible to correctly organize the work of a forced heating system only with detailed calculations of the circuits with an emphasis on consumption volumes and boiler power.
Organization of collector wiring
Complex multi-stage distribution units are not often used in home heating systems. Many see them as structural redundancy and impracticality, limiting themselves to more compact tees and splitters. But, in systems serving heating installations, boilers and hot water, more modern comb-collectors are more efficient. The convenience of this connection configuration is due to the fact that the inlet channels do not depend on the connection with the outlet circuits.
The collector assembly itself acts as a universal adapter adapter, allowing you to work individually with each connection. This method of connection is especially beneficial if the boiler is connected with additional means of controlling pressure and temperature. That is, it will be possible to install a pressure gauge or other measuring device on each connection line, independently evaluating the operating parameters onseparate areas. In traditional connection mechanisms, any changes to the circuits require the complete dismantling of the existing channel.
Features of gas boiler piping
Because gas equipment uses explosive fuel, special protective devices are provided in its communication system. Initially, the installation should be arranged in such a way that the direct removal of the burning into the chimney or ventilation channel is ensured. This is also necessary to remove the remnants of the gas itself. As for protective systems, the piping of gas heating boilers in the circuits for connecting to the mains is carried out with a fuse and a voltage stabilizer. If you plan to use the unit on liquefied gas, then in the basic configuration, you should dismantle the nozzles and install a gas valve. The boiler body itself is insulated with insulation and protected by a metal frame.
General tying recommendations
In each case, the process of connecting the boiler will have its own technical features and nuances. But there are also general rules that should be considered regardless of the conditions for tying:
- The starting point for installation will be the manifold as a central connection.
- The diameter of the inner pipes must be at least 32 mm. Large-format circuits are led from the pipeline to the heat generator, and channels with a smaller diameter are sent to the consuming units.
- Water radiators desirableplaced at a level below the distributor. If the wall-mounted boiler is piping, then the switching kit will have to turn on the circulation pump, which will balance the distribution of the coolant.
- Measuring and control fittings in the form of sensors, filters, pressure gauges and taps are installed at the final stage of installation.
Conclusion
When performing a piping calculation, it would be useful to consider the possibility of future infrastructure upgrades or reorientations at minimal cost. You should also initially assess the need to connect the unit to the main home communications. For example, piping solid fuel boilers requires a chimney at the installation site with a suitable height and section. Gas equipment, in turn, can be supplied with fuel not only from cylinders, but also from central channels. In each case, both the very presence of the required communications and the technical possibility of tying with them are provided.
