In some houses, you can notice an unpleasant smell of mold and dampness. This is especially true for the basement and first floors of private houses. This occurs in places where the waterproofing of the building has been broken. Any building at the construction stage requires protection from the negative effects of moisture, this applies not only to walls, but also to the floor. If such work was not done on time, then the problem can be fixed at the stage of building operation.
Moisture sources can be precipitation, groundwater and air humidity. It is important to waterproof the walls of basements with masonry, first floors, as well as rooms whose walls are in contact with a concrete foundation. In this case, the material is easily saturated with moisture, as well as those places where flooding is theoretically possible, this includes bathrooms, kitchens, bathrooms and pools.
Coated wall waterproofing
Waterproofing works can be carried out using penetrating and coating waterproofing. The latter option in the base contains synthetic resins, polymers, cement mastics and cement mixtures with various fillers. For monolithic walls, a cement and sand based screed should be applied to level the wall to save materials.
Waterproofing work involves priming the surface to increase adhesion with the following layers. At this stage, the base should be left to dry. Next, coating waterproofing is applied. The last step will be the installation of a drainage system, these can be spike-shaped membranes. If the wall consists of reinforced concrete prefabricated structures, then it is not necessary to level it. Further work technology looks the same.
Penetrating wall waterproofing
Penetrating waterproofing is a mixture that fills the pores of concrete, but leaves it breathable. This technique is used only for reinforced concrete and monolithic structures. It is not necessary to level the surface, and proper preparation involves removing the screed and cleaning the base with iron fleecy brushes. To do this, you can use sandblasting machines, with the help of which dust and dirt are removed from the walls.
The base must be treated with antifungal agents or soaked with water by spraying. At the next stage, a solution of a waterproofing mixture is applied, which protects against moisture and increases the frost resistance of concrete. Especially carefully it is necessary to process potholes, cracks and junctions of walls. You can use "Penetron" for carrying out such work. The junctions, joints and seams are treated with appropriate materials of the Penekrit type. Surfaces are left for three days, during which time they must be moistened.
Floor waterproofing
Waterproofing work in the house should also be carried out in the floor area. First, the base is leveled. Next, you can proceed to the application of liquid waterproofing. Usually a brush is used for this. As a composition, ordinary bitumen is used, which is heated before use. The next step is to lay the film materials in two layers. It is important to ensure the overlap of the canvases, which will be 20 cm.
On the surface of the walls, the film should go 30 cm. Rolls of pasting waterproofing should be rolled along the room. The material must go to the walls. It is glued to the floor surface, and after completion of work, excess material should be cut off. Such work on waterproofing the floor is carried out before pouring the screed.
Outdoor wall waterproofing
At the first stage of waterproofing the outer walls, it is necessary to lower the groundwater level using the drainage method. After that, you can start preparing the walls. They are cleaned of dirt and cavities are sealed. Traces of rust and oil stains must be removed. The wall is left to dry before applying the primer. Drying should be done naturally.
Next, you can start applying plaster waterproofing. To startthe base is notched. To do this, use a hammer and chisel. Before applying bituminous compounds, a primer should be applied, which is prepared from gasoline and bitumen. The primer is usually applied with a brush or spray gun.
Quite often today, coating waterproofing is used for outdoor work. It is made from synthetic resins. Cement-polymer mastics and bitumen-based polymers are suitable for these works. The walls are leveled with a cement-sand screed, and then the surface is treated with a primer. The following compositions are often used as a coating material:
- "Trimmix".
- Cemizol 2EN.
- "Izobit DK".
- Ascoville.
Foundation waterproofing
Foundation waterproofing can be carried out with the help of "Gidroizol". It is commercially available in a liquid variety, which looks like bituminous mastic. The ingredients include polymer fillers and bitumen, which can protect any surface from moisture.
Application should be carried out with a spatula on a cleaned surface. The material is leveled and left until it hardens. It contains solvents that gradually evaporate, this gives the mastic strength. "Gidroizol" is offered for sale in several varieties that can serve flawlessly for up to 30 years. Such waterproofing for outdoor concrete work is perfect. It fills the pores, so before manipulationit is necessary to clean the surface to open the paths for the penetration of the material.
Foundation waterproofing work
To begin with, the surface of the foundation is cleaned of dirt. It is important at this stage to eliminate sharp edges, then the resulting places are sealed with a solution of cement and sand. The foundation is covered with a primer and left until dry. Next, you can prepare the mastic. If we are talking about a two-component composition, then it is mixed.
The prepared solution is applied with a roller or brush in several layers. However, before proceeding with the application of the next layer, it is necessary to allow the previous one to dry. Such waterproofing work at the final stage involves backfilling the foundation with construction sand or soft soil.
Conclusion
For the implementation of waterproofing work in the floor and walls, you can use different materials. Among them, pasting, colorful, coating and plaster mixtures should be distinguished. The compositions can be injectable, sprayable and penetrating. Waterproofing works are carried out using different technologies. When it comes to painting materials, they are applied in a thin film, which consists of mastic, paint, varnish or bitumen.
