When thinking about the project of a private house, a person will inevitably face the choice of the main material for its construction. Usually the fork runs between wood and brick, and in both cases there will be pros and cons. Natural material creates a he althy microclimate and ecological environment in the house, and solid brick gives rigidity to the structure. To combine these characteristics in one structure allows the technology of strengthening walls. The result is a wooden house lined with bricks. Of course, there are disadvantages to such a solution, but under certain conditions they are offset by advantages. For example, the laboriousness and, in principle, the cost of this operation in the future can be paid off by increasing the energy efficiency of the building and reducing heating costs.
Line structure
The brick does not just form a belt of additional reinforcement around the wooden frame, but closestechnological infrastructure with functional isolators. It is impossible to carry out laying in close proximity to the wall. A gap of about 50-60 mm is left between the masonry and the frame. It is needed as a prerequisite for ventilation so that the wood does not rot from dampness when fully sealed. But another question is also important - which insulators to use to ensure the optimal microclimate in the resulting layer, which will also affect the temperature and humidity regulation inside. How to overlay a wooden house with bricks so that the rooms are comfortable? In the minimum set of technological coating between the masonry and the wall, there must be layers of heat and waterproofing. Depending on local climatic conditions, additional wind and vapor barriers may be used.
Special attention is paid to auxiliary structural elements. These include the foundation and the supporting profile base. We can talk about the foundation conditionally, since, in fact, it is a thin basement superstructure, on the pillow of which the masonry will be based. As for the carrier base, this part will act as a technical link between the masonry and the wall. A kind of crate, thanks to which the ventilation gap will be formed.
Applied material
There are special requirements for the brick used as a reinforcing belt. On the one hand, it must be strong and durable, and on the other hand, it must be light and decoratively attractive, since we are talking about a facade. To varying degrees, thisthe following options meet the requirements:
- Clinker brick. Actually, the intended purpose of this material is precisely determined by the exterior finish with decorative and protective properties. But if the task is to strengthen the walls, then the clinker will not work.
- Ceramic brick. It is also a more decorative solution, but with a higher structural load. The only drawback in terms of using this material in relation to the facade can be called hygroscopicity - instability in front of precipitation and humidity in principle. How to overlay a wooden house with ceramic bricks so that the cladding does not collapse? Experts recommend treating the surface with hydrophobic solutions immediately after laying. Same insulation, but with more mechanical protection.
- Hyperpressed brick. This option should be resorted to if the emphasis is on strengthening the frame. Thanks to pressing, the elements are strong and strong, so the construction of the house will also become more reliable.
- Silicate brick. The least successful option, which should be abandoned immediately. It is usually praised for its strength, environmental friendliness and correct geometric shape. But these qualities do not matter, since frost, rain and wind literally destroy its structure during outdoor use.
Preparation of the foundation and supporting structure
To create a basement base, you can use a screed that extends 20-30 cm from the house, depending on the size of the brick. It is important not to forget aboutan indent for the ventilation layer, which will also take 5-6 cm. A dense base of sand, gravel and a waterproofing coating is being prepared under the screed. The solution is prepared from frost-resistant cement with plasticizers. For pouring, a wooden formwork is formed, after which a screed with a thickness of about 50 mm is arranged. Using ready-made molding elements for fixed polystyrene formwork, this problem can be solved by hand. How to overlay a wooden house with bricks so that the masonry is firmly fixed to the wall? For this, as already mentioned, a vertical profile structure is mounted adjacent to the wall. The fastening unit is installed by means of metal pins, which are inserted into the technological gaps of the wooden frame - they should be taken care of in advance. The fixation points are arranged in 4 rows along the vertical plane and with indents of 100 cm - horizontally. The pins are connected with metal profiles and a channel. You can also use welding for connection, but a screw fastening system will be more practical.
Performing insulation work
Even before installing the supporting structure, the wooden surface should be treated with antiseptic agents with biological protection against fungi and mold. If necessary, you can lay a waterproofing pad close to the wall. The standard technique assumes that the insulating layers begin in the plane of the lathing, which is directly joined to the masonry. But how to overlay a wooden house with bricks so that the insulation and hydro-barrier organically enter the structure of the reinforcing belt without the risk of damage? Firstand, in fact, a mineral wool tile insulation can become a carrier insulator. The panels are laid in a niche of the ventilation layer so that there is a small gap for air circulation. Further, close to the heat insulator, you can fix the vapor barrier. This is a multifunctional membrane film that will protect the insulation from moisture and condensation.
How to overlay a wooden house with bricks?
The main stage during which the direct laying of bricks is carried out. How it's done? The formation of the belt begins from the bottom of the prepared foundation. As you ascend, it is very important to observe the correct position of the elements horizontally and vertically. The optimal thickness of the seam is 12-13 mm. The control of this parameter is carried out every 5 rows using the rail-ordering. Of fundamental importance is the issue of providing ventilation directly in the wall. By arranging ventilation, it is possible to overlay a wooden house with bricks without reducing the strength of the structure. These are technological holes in the masonry, which are calculated as follows: for 20 m2 of the facade area, approximately 75 cm2 gaps. So that the holes do not get dirty and rodents do not climb into them, you should consider rear protection in the form of a metal mesh with a small mesh.
Structure reinforcement
As the bricks are laid, the structure can be reinforced with additional inclusions with strapping. How to overlay a wooden house with a brick with reinforcement? For this, both plates and a grid withmetal rods. They are introduced between rows, positioned vertically or horizontally. Standard dressing is arranged at the rate of 1 metal strip for 10-12 rows of masonry.
Workflow Guidelines
Experienced craftsmen are also advised to consider the following tricks:
- Bring the masonry directly to the eaves, tying to it with the same reinforcement means.
- For cutting bricks, a special tool is used - a grinder or a saw for stone. But is it possible to overlay a wooden house with bricks without such operations? Fragmentary use of bricks should be avoided, and if there is no possibility of high-quality processing of the material, then it is necessary to foresee the presence of halves with an even structure.
- In the process of work, waterlogging of the internal surfaces in the technological layer should not be allowed.
Pros and cons of technology
The presence of an additional frame made of bricks undoubtedly increases the strength and durability of the building, eliminating the natural shortcomings of wood as a combustible and soft building material. It is the power strengthening that can be called the main advantage of a wooden house lined with bricks. The pros and cons in this aspect can converge and diverge - for example, along with the strengthening of the walls, the shrinkage of the building shifts. This negatively affects the overall load balance at home.
Conclusion
Intervention in the structure of the housein itself is a radical and responsible operation within the framework of repair and restoration measures. Are wooden houses bricked over immediately after construction and without the obvious need for technical support of the frame? This is rare, since the construction of a high-quality log house, for example, fully copes with the loads and has a sufficient margin of safety. And even after years of operation, if the processes of destruction of the crowns are revealed, the structure can be strengthened by restoring the logs or completely replacing them if restoration is impossible.
