Home is fully home when it is warm and cozy. When the yellow sun spots on the floor and the warm sides of the stove, the smell of birch firewood and the quiet crackle in the firebox - this is true bliss.
Such a necessary oven
Currently there is a lot of information about how to make a house and bake in it. Finding information of interest is easy. But, as usual, a person often does not understand what he actually needs: a Russian stove or boiler, stove heating with a water circuit or a bench. Maybe a fireplace will suffice? Or is there a need to combine wood heating with electric heating? In a word, before looking for projects of houses with stove heating, it would be nice to decide on what is desired, necessary and sufficient.
Weigh the pros and cons
We talked a little about the pros. In addition to the above-described emotional and sensory component, the pluses that the stove heating of a private house undoubtedly has include independence from public utilities with their schedule for the seasonal distribution of heat to those in need and all sorts of possible accidents of heating networks,capable of depriving your home of comfort for long days or even weeks. The undoubted advantage of the village stove is also the creation of a he althy microclimate at home: villagers do not know what dry skin and brittle hair are in the autumn-winter-spring period, because good stove heating does not dry the air at home.
Some cons
The oven involves some great care and labor. Melting it and keeping it on fire is not only pleasure, but also work. And by the way, so is your time. In addition, maintaining it in order and in working condition will also require effort, time, and money. First of all, this is regular cleaning of the chimney, in some European countries it is recognized as such an important event that its regularity and obligation is enshrined in law, and negligent and unlawful owners are subject to administrative and even criminal liability.
With an oven, it will not be possible to maintain a stable thermal regime in the house. As a rule, in the evening it will always be warmer in the house than in the morning. Or vice versa, depending on what time you will heat it. In addition, an obligatory component that characterizes stove heating in a wooden house is a cold floor. Of course, with a competent approach, all these shortcomings can be eliminated.
Cleaning in a house with stove heating is obviously more than in a building with centralized heat supply.
The oven is a fire hazard. However, electric heatersno less fire hazard. It all depends on the so-called human factor.
Do not forget also that the oven is a rather bulky structure that "eats up" a decent part of the usable area of your home. And if you are not ready to give extra meters, then you should think again whether you need stove heating.
It's time to decide on the type of oven
Depending on what you think your oven needs to be able to do, choose from the variety of ovens currently available. And it is this:
- Stove-"potbelly stove". As funny as it sounds, this is a very common option for a country house. Especially if the latter is not intended for year-round use. A potbelly stove is quite capable of warming a small residential or utility room, heating water and preparing simple food. Moreover, she is ready to do this without any special financial and labor costs on your part. In addition, stove heating by means of a potbelly stove does not require a long preliminary design.
- Dutch oven. The most common type of heating furnace in our country. The design feature of the "Dutch" is such that, with a relatively small size, it has a relatively large heating area. And therefore it is able to heat up to sixty squares of the room. At the same time, the same design features allow the "Dutch" to heat up quite quickly and cool down for a long time. Well, to the pluses of this oven you canattributed to her lovely appearance. With the appropriate design, the "Dutch" oven can become a decoration for your home.
- Kitchen stove. Its purpose is obviously different from the functions of the above-described "relative".
- Russian oven. The most famous type in fairy tales. And the most versatile: it heats, cooks, steams, bakes bread, warms a couch for a comfortable and healing sleep. If you wish, you can even take a steam bath in it, they say. And all this is so in Russian, that is, without much hassle and all at once, at the same time.
If you live in a village house that is decent in all respects, you cannot do without a solid fuel stove. She can cook food, and feed livestock, and dry mushrooms, berries, and simply heat the water and keep it warm until morning washing, too. There are three types of rustic stoves: a) simple, that is, without an oven and a water-heating box; b) stoves with ovens; c) complex stoves with oven and hot water box.
Time to start the actual project
When designing a furnace, it is worth bearing in mind that all the details recommended in this matter have long been explained in SNiP 2.04.05-91. Therefore, if you want to delve into the recommendations and manuals thoroughly, start dancing from the stove, that is, it makes sense to deal with this document.
So, for example, the above sanitary norms and rules recommend installing stove heating in a wooden house only ifif the building is not higher than two floors in height, not counting the basement. Fire safety, according to these recommendations, is achieved by a number of measures, in particular, for example, the surface of the furnace should not heat up above one hundred and twenty degrees.
It is important to accurately calculate the dimensions of the future furnace
Small oven will be useless in terms of heating, and too large will require corresponding fuel costs. It is necessary to take into account and carefully calculate the possible heat loss of your housing, associated with its design features, as well as the layout and functional purpose of the rooms. All this taken together is the furnace heating scheme.
Strictly speaking, stove projects begin in the same place as projects of houses with stove heating, because the first is an integral part of the second. Based on this, the size, number and purpose of heating circuits on each floor of your house is calculated. Before deciding what size your stove will be, you need to calculate all sorts of energy-saving measures that you can take: insulation of windows and doors, ceilings, under-roof space, etc.
An important stage in the design of the furnace is the choice of its location
It should be taken into account that any stove can heat no more than four adjacent rooms. Of course, you need to strive to ensure that the bedrooms and the living room are heated, and the furnace part goes into the corridor or hallway. If your oven includes a stove, then the latter should go into the kitchen. Basedof the above, it becomes clear that the best location for the stove is in the center of the house. This conclusion is confirmed by the practice of building such structures in Russia. This arrangement, by the way, avoids fires.
A little about fire safety
In addition to the fact that the stove must be well designed, it is necessary to carefully monitor the quality of its masonry. Unless you're building your own stove heating, check each layer of brickwork for cracks that could then fire sparks or even flames. The second thing to follow is the presence of the so-called retreat - the air space between the stove and the wooden walls of the house. In addition, all measures should be taken to insulate the walls, floor and ceiling of the house from the heated surfaces of the furnace. Believe me, your safety in this case is completely in your hands!
