Fumes and odors are released during cooking. To prevent the accumulation of all these unwanted mixtures that can adversely affect the he alth of others, it is necessary to ventilate through the installed hood in the kitchen. Proper ventilation is a guarantee of a he althy atmosphere that promotes physical and moral he alth in the house.
Types of ventilation systems
There are several options for removing harmful substances emitted in the kitchen:
- Natural ventilation - due to the difference in pressure from the outside and inside of the kitchen. Air purification occurs through ventilation ducts, open windows or doors.
- Forced ventilation or mechanical - is carried out under the influence of creating a pressure difference using a fan or injector. This method of ventilation is more efficient due to the ability to quickly remove large volumes of polluted air.
Mechanical hood differs in the principles of its work:
- Flow systems - this is the installation of a hood in the kitchen into ventilation. The polluted air sucked in by the fan is blown out to the street through the ventilation ducts of the house. The main disadvantage of this design is the need to recharge the room with fresh air from the street. Often this function is successfully performed by drafts.
- Recirculation systems - work without ventilation ducts. The sucked-in polluted air enters a special tank, where it is cleaned, and then returned back to the room.
Varieties of hoods
When planning the arrangement of kitchen furniture, it is imperative to determine the place for the hob, above which the hood is installed in the kitchen.
Depending on which part the stove will be placed in, and in direct proportion to the intended design of the room, the following types of hoods are distinguished:
- Classic.
- Slanted.
- Built-in.
- Angular.
- Dome.
- Island.
Classic hood
It is also called horizontal because of the location of the working plane in relation to the surface of the plate. The main advantage is the simplicity of design and ease of installation on the wall. Also, the advantages include:
- High fire and electrical safety.
- Repairable (to be disassembled, no disposable parts).
- Easy to manage.
- High performance.
The main attraction of thismodels - in the installation of a hood in the kitchen, the price of which is much lower than the cost of other models. So, the simplest hanging hood can be purchased from 2300 rubles. At the same time, the device is not inferior in performance, which makes it the most common and popular.
For comparison, we note that dome hoods are offered at a price of 5400 rubles, and built-in - from 6300 rubles. The cost of such equipment from different sellers can vary significantly. The cost of installing the hood also varies widely, depending on the professionalism and “appetite” of the masters, on the type of device, and also on the region of residence. The average cost of such a service in Moscow ranges from 1200 rubles (simple hinged hood) to 6500 rubles (island).
Inclined hood
Its working surface is located at an angle to the plane of the hob. This design technique provides an opportunity to visually and actually expand the space above the stove. Installing an inclined range hood in the kitchen will ensure free cooking on the stove, as absolutely nothing will interfere with you.
The appearance is presentable, meets all the advanced design patterns, and the ability to use different materials (ceramics, glass, plastic or metal) will enrich the overall style of the kitchen and satisfy any wishes of the hostess of the house.
This hood has good technical characteristics due to aerodynamic laws. Passing between narrow slots, the air accelerates, soot and fats remain only onfilter. Running the fan in normal power-saving mode is sufficient for good cleaning.
Built-in hood
Household appliances built into kitchen furniture are in demand among consumers and are quite an attractive model due to their simplicity and convenience. This is the best option for lovers of modern trends in design.
The main advantages of the built-in hood in the kitchen:
- Reliability of fastening. The hood is fixed in the common array of kitchen furniture.
- Easy to install built-in hood in DIY kitchen, easy and convenient access for maintenance.
- Using a common array of furniture with a built-in hood will provide an opportunity to hide protruding wires and dangling cords.
With all these advantages, there are also disadvantages:
- This hood is more expensive than non-built-in counterparts.
- The minimum possibility of installing a built-in hood in the kitchen again. After the redevelopment of the interior, finding a place for her will not be so easy.
Even with these minor drawbacks, the quality of the built-in hoods puts them in the first row among the best models.
Corner hoods
A rather peculiar design, which differs from other models in the special shape of the case, which allows it to be mounted in the corner of the kitchen.
It is perfect for non-standard design ideas or specific features of the hob communications connection,installed in the corner in the absence of any possibility to move them.
Corner hoods are available in the following versions:
- Retro style, reflecting the interior of the past century.
- Traditional classic or dome style model.
- Hi-Tech style dominated by cool colors with a steel sheen.
Triangular hoods are attached to two walls, due to which there is practically no vibration of the body when the engine is running. They are quiet and powerful enough to keep your kitchen fresh.
Dome hoods
They are quite large. The basis of their design is an imitation of an expensive fireplace, a hemispherical configuration with a narrow top, where they are connected to the ventilation system.
The advantage of installing a dome hood in the kitchen is the possibility of its location in any part of the room. Thanks to its characteristic design, it also looks great in other areas of the house - on the terrace above the brazier or barbecue, in the hall above the fireplace.
The advantages include also greater engine power, quiet operation, ease of maintenance and sanitation.
The disadvantages include the need to create a large space around the dome hood, which is not at all suitable for small kitchens.
Island hoods
They are made to order only and are a custom design product.
Their main difference is the use in combinationwith a separate design of the kitchen set, called the "island". In other words, the countertop along with the hob are located separately from the rest of the kitchen furniture, most often in the center of the kitchen.
Installing an island-type hood in the kitchen consists in attaching it to the ceiling. It is not hung on the wall and is not built into a wall cabinet. The shape of the hood is of three types:
- Flat, thin panel keeps kitchen space clean and sleek. The focus is on folding options, where the hood can be lifted up if desired, which greatly increases the space in the kitchen.
- Dome hood, well suited for rooms where there is no space deficit. These are the best exhaust units, absorbing all the unusable air thanks to their design and powerful fan.
- The arc-shaped panel is a fairly successful model that combines a flat panel and a dome. Its main advantage is a design look with many configurations that make up the elements of the working part, which can be made of glass, wood or steel.
Preparatory measures before installing the hood
Having decided on the model of the hood that will be in the kitchen, we proceed to the preparatory work. This section is useful for those who want to use a flow ventilation system.
Preparation for installing a kitchen hood with a drain is to make a hole for mounting the ventilation pipe. For this it shouldfollow certain rules:
- It is necessary to know exactly where the ventilation ducts of the house pass. The connection point and piping scheme will depend on this.
- If the exhaust duct is to be installed directly to the street through the load-bearing wall of the house, it is necessary to clarify the issue of the need for special permission and execution of relevant documents for redevelopment.
- If there is a water heater near the hob, it is strictly forbidden to connect the air duct to the smoker.
- The diameter of the hole must be at least 150 mm. It should not be smaller than the diameter of the exhaust pipe of the hood itself.
Checking and cleaning the ventilation duct
When the hole in the natural ventilation channel is ready, it is necessary to clean it. This is especially advisable when installing a hood in the kitchen in an apartment in a multi-storey building.
Cleaning must be done, as debris, dust and cobwebs drawn in from the interior gradually accumulate in the channels. As a result, the cross section of the channel decreases, which leads to a deterioration or complete blocking of the throughput of the hood.
There are several signs of dirty ventilation ducts:
- Litter and cobwebs have accumulated in the area of the exhaust opening, which reappears some time after cleaning.
- A black coating of soot and grease has formed on the ventilation grill.
- When bringing a burning match, candle or lighter to the ventilation, the light should tilt towards the hood with good draft. Before this experiment, you must open the window or door.
The ventilation ducts of multi-storey buildings are cleaned by specialized services.
Self-cleaning can be carried out only with minor contamination in the area where a metal ruff or wire allows you to get. After that, it is desirable to clean the channel with a vacuum cleaner.
Norms for installing a hood in the kitchen
The size of the device in question is directly proportional to the size of the surfaces of the hob or frying stove. It should be slightly larger, which will allow you to completely absorb all the harmful fumes emanating from cooking.
When planning a kitchen, you need to know where the hood will be located, what is its height above the stove. The last parameter is very important.
The right height for installing the hood in the kitchen will allow you to make the most of its power to maximize air purification from harmful fumes and odors. In addition, the distance from the stove to the hood should be optimal for cooking and ensuring fire safety standards.
According to existing standards, the minimum installation height for a kitchen hood is 60 cm above an electric stove, the maximum is 75 cm. Accordingly, for a gas stove, the height is in the range of 75-85 cm.
The exact size is determined individually. In addition to the type of slab, the following parameters are taken into account:
- Growth of the mistress of the kitchen.
- General style and design featurespremises.
- The power of the exhaust device.
The standard allows you to increase the height, but it is strictly forbidden to reduce it.
Installing the hood
The process of installing the hood in the kitchen with your own hands does not have any difficulties and is carried out taking into account the type of design of the device.
Let's consider the ways of fastening the most common models of the flow system, as they are more labor-intensive compared to recirculation due to the need to connect to a natural ventilation channel.
To carry out the work we need the following tools:
- Puncher or electric drill with a set of drill bits for drilling concrete or tile surfaces.
- Level for correct installation (it is important that there are no distortions).
- Dowels for attaching the hood to the wall.
- Corrugation or plastic pipe for holding an air duct connecting the hood to the natural ventilation opening of the house.
- Electrical wire with socket for electrical wiring.
- Metal clamp and flange for fixing the duct.
- Mounting foam - polyurethane foam sealant for sealing and additional fixation of the overall structure.
The process of installing a hinged hood
Stage 1. Initially, we make markings on the wall, for this we use a level. It is necessary to adhere to height standards and take into account the features of the fasteners on the hood itself.
Stage 2. We drill the necessaryholes, trying not to chip the wall. Having installed the dowels, we once again check the correctness of the markup. If such a need arose, we carry out the adjustment.
Stage 3. We fix the outlet pipe in the hole in the wall using a flange.
Stage 4. We install a check valve on the side of the wall to prevent the flow of polluted air back into the kitchen. We hang and fix the hood.
Stage 5. When connecting to the duct, install a protective insect screen.
Wiring to connect the hood should be carried out by an electrician or a person who knows how to install an electrical circuit. It is important not to forget that grounding must be present in the wiring.
The installation process of the built-in hood
The general technology of the process is similar to that described above, but it also has its own peculiarities. When installing a built-in hood in the kitchen, you need to resolve the issue with the hanging cabinet in which it will be placed. It must be larger than the installation itself.
Step 1. It is necessary to make a hole in the bottom of the cabinet, which must match the size of the hood. A hole for the duct outlet is also cut out from the top of the furniture structure.
Stage 2. After the preparatory work, we mount the exhaust device inside the cabinet. For reliability, it is advisable to attach the hood to the kitchen wall through the holes in the back wall of the cabinet.
Stage 3. The connection of the hood with natural ventilation channels is the same as with the hinged version.
In conclusion
You can do withoutwithout special devices for air purification in the kitchen. Then you will have to open the window in the winter and summer in the process of cooking. With this method of ventilation, carbon deposits will inevitably settle on the ceiling, walls and furniture surfaces. Therefore, in modern residential buildings, when designing a kitchen, the installation of a hood is mandatory.
