Suspended ceiling today is mounted in the vast majority of cases of floor finishing. It is practical, allows you to hide various communications. The surface of the overlap does not require special finishing with plaster, but the result is still a perfectly flat surface. To mount such a structure, you will need to assemble the frame for the false ceiling correctly. Instructions will be discussed later.
Where to start?
Before starting the installation of a frame from a profile for a false ceiling, you need to consider in detail all the nuances of this process. It is necessary to determine what design the structure will have, what the finish will be made of, what additional functions such a ceiling will have.
The frame is mounted at different distances from the floor surface. In the space that appears, wires, other communications, additional heat-insulating or sound-proofing will be placed.materials. This issue needs to be carefully considered at the preparatory stage.
Having decided which systems and materials will be located under the surface of the ceiling, you can begin to create a design design. It can be simple or multi-layered. For example, it can be an armstrong suspended ceiling frame or PVC, plasterboard, etc. In each case, the design will have certain features.
A multi-level ceiling involves the creation of a complex frame. Its design is important to consider taking into account the location of all communications. The first layer can be the base of the ceiling or suspended structure. The second layer is created on top of the first. It can have a variety of configurations.
A properly designed scheme of the future ceiling allows you to avoid mistakes during construction work.
Wooden frame
False ceiling frame device involves the use of a metal profile or wooden beams. To choose the right one, you need to consider the main features of both options.
The wooden frame is most often used for arranging a plasterboard ceiling, the distance of which from the ceiling will be minimal. The advantage of such a frame is the fact that you do not need to use special fasteners. However, the room must have a minimum level of humidity. Otherwise, the wood will quickly collapse. Even if the humidity is average, it will be necessary to process materialsspecial substances.
It is also worth considering that the weight of a suspended ceiling frame made of wood will be greater than that of a metal structure. Therefore, high demands are made on the quality of the walls. The wooden frame is mounted in rooms where the partitions are strong, made of reinforced concrete or brick.
Wooden beams will need to be properly processed. Protective agents are applied to them before installation. It is a flame retardant and antiseptic. The difficulty lies in the fact that all the elements of the frame will need to be made in advance. After that, they are treated with the appropriate compounds. The material must dry well. Only then does assembly begin. If some part had to be cut, it is also treated again with protective compounds in this place. You can not first assemble the structure, and then apply a fire retardant and an antiseptic. If you neglect the installation rules, the frame will not last long.
Metal frame
The weight of a false ceiling frame assembled from a metal profile is less than that of natural wood. This is due to the special design of the beams. They are made of galvanized steel, so they do not require pre-treatment. The material is not subject to destruction, does not need to be treated with a fire-fighting and antiseptic composition.
For this reason, metal frames are used more often in installations. They are universal, can be mounted in different buildings. The weight of the armstrong plasterboard false ceiling frame will beminimum in this case. The system can be installed indoors with walls made of different materials.
Metal profile is strong and durable. From it you can make not only straight lines on the ceiling, but also various arbitrary, rounded shapes. Cutting and drilling a metal profile is also quite simple.
In order for such a frame to have a certain rigidity, but at the same time be able to bend, the beams are made of soft material reinforced with stiffeners. This makes it possible to hold a structure that may have curved lines, has significant weight.
Metal profile can have a different design. When mounting the frame, different types of beams are used. Each of them has its own purpose.
Profile
Installation of the false ceiling frame is most often performed using metal profiles. This is due to the practicality and reliability of such structural elements. Such a profile can be of two types:
- CD (PP). This is a ceiling profile that allows you to mount the main frame. The length of such a profile can vary from 2.75 to 4.5 m. Most often, profiles 3 or 4 m long are used to create the main frame elements. The cross section of such beams is 27 x 60 mm.
- UD (Mon). This is a guide profile that allows you to mount the crossbeams of the frame. The length can be the same as that of the PP profile, but the cross section of the PN is smaller. It is 27 x 28 mm.
Connectors
Except for himselfprofile, you will also need to purchase the appropriate fasteners for the false ceiling frame. One of the main varieties is the connector. There are varieties designed for the PP and PN profile. They have corresponding designations.
Connectors perform different functions. They can lengthen the profile. Such structural elements help to connect parts exclusively in the longitudinal direction. If you need to connect two parts at a right angle, use the appropriate type of connector.
There are also fasteners with which you can combine two profiles at different angles, not only at right angles. This allows you to bend both inward and outward. To do this, acquire a connector that allows you to make a straight, obtuse or acute angle. This is very convenient if the ceiling has two or more levels that have curly elements.
Another type of connector is the T-shaped design. It is for PP. Provides rigid, reliable fastening. Moreover, it is possible to connect two profiles in a similar way not only at a right angle. He can be anyone. In this case, the fixation will be performed hard.
To connect profiles located at different levels, the corresponding profile is used. There are also structural elements that allow you to combine several profiles crosswise, which are located on the same or different levels. A one-level connector is called a crab.
Pendants
Cannot mountsuspended ceiling frame from a profile without suspensions. This construction element is always applied. The simplest type is a direct suspension. This is a versatile structural element that has significant strength. With its help, fixation is made to the ceiling in the required place.
Direct suspension blades are 125mm long. But there are other options. The maximum length of the blades can be 300 mm. Suspensions support the structure, taking on all its weight. Therefore, you should not purchase suspensions that have significant softness. These are rigid structural elements.
If you need to mount a false ceiling frame made of PVC, drywall or other elements at a considerable distance from the ceiling, standard hangers are not used. Their length in this case is not enough. Therefore, special structural elements are used, the length of which is adjustable. It can be spring or anchor hangers.
Maximum anchor suspension has a thrust of 100 cm. But because of this design feature, it can withstand a maximum load of up to 25 kg. Standard varieties of structural elements can withstand a weight of 40 kg.
Features of ceiling mounting
There are different options for the design of the suspended ceiling frame. They can be cellular or longitudinal. In the first version, the frame is created for the Armstrong type ceiling, from square panels. The longitudinal ceiling has a rectangular cell shape. This option is for mountingdrywall sheets.
To properly mount the structure, you will need to mark the ceiling. First, the floor is cleaned of the old finish. Putty, paint or other materials should not remain here. If there are rust spots, traces of fungus development, they will need to be removed. To do this, the surface is cleaned with sandpaper, treated with fungicides. If the fungus remains under the ceiling material, it will develop, creating an unhe althy microclimate in the room. Therefore, the preparation process should be given sufficient attention.
If there are cracks on the surface of the overlap, they must be treated with putty. To do this, first, the defects are sanded, and then treated with a primer. Cracks must be sealed with cement plaster.
To mount a suspended ceiling on a metal frame, you will need to purchase all the necessary materials. The metal profile must be galvanized so that corrosion does not destroy structural elements. This is especially important for rooms with high levels of humidity.
First, a frame diagram is developed. This will allow you to correctly calculate the number of all necessary elements. You need to purchase a guide and wall profile. The number of direct suspensions is also calculated. To fix all structural elements, dowels and self-tapping screws are used. Also, crabs will be needed to connect the profiles. If the room is large, you will need to purchase extension cords. A special tape is required for sealing. It is placed under the metal structural elements.
Professional installers claimthat all materials must be purchased with a margin of 10%.
Proper tools required for installation. You will need to prepare an impact drill, screwdriver, metal shears. You also need a laser level and a tape measure.
Marking and fasteners
The frame of a false ceiling made of drywall or other materials must first be depicted on paper. Here you must also indicate where communications and lighting devices will be installed. Next is the markup.
To do this, all walls are measured, special attention is paid to the corners and the center of the room. Marking is performed from the lowest point. To determine how much to lower the ceiling, you need to take into account the overall dimensions of communications. If it is just wiring to create lighting, the level is lowered by 3-5 cm. To create ventilation, you will need to lower the ceiling by 10-12 cm.
The step between the profiles must be done in accordance with the dimensions of the finishing elements. In most cases, you will need to retreat 60 cm from each subsequent crossbar. You can transfer the results of drawing work to the floor base using a tape measure, a building level and a plumb line.
Next, you need to create a straight line around the entire perimeter of the walls in the room using a chopping cord. You need to step back from the lowest corner. Next, you need to glue the sealing tape along the entire markup created. Attach the profile to the wall and make marks where the dowels will be installed. For them, holes are drilled with an impact drill or puncher. Further along the perimeterthe wall profile is mounted in the room.
Next, the crossbars are mounted. A distance of 50-60 cm is created between them (depending on the characteristics of the finishing material). Each such structural element should be 1 cm shorter than the length of the room. These structural elements are not only installed in the guide profile, but also fixed with small self-tapping screws to the hangers.
When creating a false ceiling frame, jumpers are made that are fixed with crabs.
Layer construction
False ceiling frame can be multi-level. It can be mounted in one of two ways. In the first case, the first level of the ceiling is installed, and then the lower decorative elements are fixed on it. With this method of fixation, the strength of the structure will be lower.
The second method involves first mounting the lower decorative level, and only then the first row, which will be closer to the ceiling. In this case, the bearing capacity of the ceiling will be higher.
Installation
First, the base is also prepared and markings are applied. The lower level is marked from the bottom corner of the room. Next, straight lines are beaten off along the perimeter of the room with a construction cord.
A guide profile with a sealing tape is mounted. Markings are made on the ceiling for each level. A guide profile is screwed along these lines. To bend the profile in accordance with the desired pattern, you needmake cuts on the side sections of the profile. If the bend is very steep, the notches are placed as close to each other as possible.
The rack profile is fixed between the levels. The bottom of the parts is connected by guiding structural elements. Next, a wall profile for the second row is mounted. It is mounted in the same way as the first row.
