The need for pre-fabricated and reliable buildings for agricultural needs, warehouses, workshops and industrial premises led to the fact that a structure was created - a metal hangar, the price of which can be equal to 20,000 rubles. The popularity of such buildings is constantly growing, today you can see them as private garages, sports facilities, office buildings and refrigeration complexes.
On the market there are companies that specialize in the manufacture of such hangars. However, under certain conditions, you can create such structures yourself, for this you just need to be able to use the tool and create the project correctly.
Design
Metal hangar should be designed at the first stage. Without this, it will be impossible to build a structure, buy materials and obtain the necessary permits. In the project, you can display the calculations of loads on the structure, which is important for metal prefabricated buildings. If we consider the most common types of hangars, it can be noted that polygonal andarched are the most difficult.
Metal hangar, the price of which may allow you to make a choice in the direction of one or another model, requires skills and design experience. But hipped and straight-walled hangars with gable roof structures will be easier to build, but here it is desirable to have some experience in design. The development and creation of the project are carried out according to a certain algorithm. At the first stage, it is necessary to design the foundation, then - the frame, load-bearing and wall structures, as well as the roofing system. It is important to design and engineering systems, somehow:
- ventilation;
- wiring;
- water supply;
- sewer.
Lightweight metal hangars can be installed on monolithic, tape and columnar-tape bases. Depending on the planned loads and dimensions, the material for the frame should be selected, it can be a channel, a pipe with a square profile, an I-beam or a sigma profile. The connection of all elements must be carried out using high-quality bolts and connecting gussets.
A little about the cost
It is also worth remembering that a certain amount will have to be spent on a metal hangar. For example, for a one-story, but low warm hangar, the price will be lower compared to a structure that has the same height, but two floors and rooms inside.
Distance between load-bearing columns and archesframe should be approximately 3 m, while the length of the hangar should be a multiple of this step.
Building a hangar: foundation
Before you can create a metal hangar, you must build a foundation. The building site is leveled, and then construction can begin. The base can be tape, pile or monolithic-slab. The process of building a foundation will be considered using the example of a slab foundation, since it is considered the most time-consuming to create. Projects of metal hangars provide for a mention of the construction area, taking into account which it is necessary to level the territory, make 20-cm holes in the corners and under the supporting columns, where the piles will be installed. After that, a layer of sand is poured inside, and then a reinforcing frame for each support. The length should be chosen in such a way that the rods are visible about 50 cm above the surface. The frame is poured with concrete, and then left to harden.
When a metal hangar is built, the next step is to create a formwork around the perimeter. Its height will be equivalent to the thickness of the plate. After that, the soil is removed, the fertile layer is removed and covered with a 15-cm layer of sand. It is compacted, a layer of rubble is laid on top. The layers are compared and compacted, and the latter is formed from gravel. The layers should be approximately 5 cm below ground level.
Now you can create a reinforcing frame over the area, there is no particular difficulty in this, the main thing is to lay pieces of stone or brick under the frame so that the bars are onsome distance from the top layer. Excess pieces of reinforcement from the frame are cut off so that they do not stick out of the foundation, after which concrete is poured, and the base is left to gain strength for a month.
Assembly and installation of the frame
If you decide to build a metal hangar, then the next step is to create a frame. It is necessary to start work with the installation and fixation of the support feet. They should be placed around the perimeter, the distance between them should be equal to the step between the frames of the frame. On the concrete surface, points are marked for holes where the anchors will be installed, they must be drilled. When completed, the heels are placed in place and secured to the concrete base with bolts.
The next step will be the assembly and installation of columns. The simplest version of their installation involves connecting two channels to each other. Part of the support heel is clamped inside. In order to simplify the assembly and lifting of the column, its parts are connected on the ground and fixed to the heels with one bolt. At the same stage, a connecting eaves gusset is installed, and then it is firmly fixed. The column rises vertically and is fixed, and a truss of floor beams is assembled on the ground. In this case, you can not do without a crane that will lift the elements up. They need to be fixed to the supporting columns.
Work methodology
When pre-fabricated hangars are built, an I-beam may be present in the structure. In this case, the support foot is welded to its base, the verticalinstallation and fastening are carried out with a crane. The frame can be assembled on a flat surface, while it will consist of a truss and two columns. With the help of a crane, you will need to lift and put this part in place. Once all frame frames are up and in place, additional rigidity can be achieved with vertical bracing, horizontal girders.
Frame trim
Prefabricated hangars must have cladding, which is installed using one of the existing methods. The simplest option is cold sheathing using corrugated sheets. Each subsequent sheet should be stacked from the bottom up with a slight overlap on the previous one. Sheets are reinforced with metal screws. The construction of metal hangars is carried out according to the same method in the roof area, where the sheets are installed taking into account the formation of a ridge tide.
Conclusion
The construction of metal hangars is also carried out using other technologies, which provide for the installation of sheathing material using a warm method. In this case, sandwich panels are used. This technique is the simplest and most preferable, as it allows you to create a design in the shortest possible time.
