Recently, hobs have become very popular. It is safe to say that they can completely displace conventional stoves from the world market. But so far this has not happened, although all the prerequisites exist. And if ordinary stoves are limited only by plugging in the plug, then the connection diagram of the hob is somewhat more complicated. This requires certain skills and knowledge. You can find out how this can be done in this article.
Power of electric hobs
Without a doubt, this is the main factor in choosing one or another model! And since traditionally many consumers opt for electric hobs, other options will not be considered in the article.
BAt present, models of surfaces with four burners are most widely used on the world market. This has been the case for quite some time, but to this day, the standard number of heating points, as a rule, remains unchanged. Nevertheless, manufacturers carry out modernization from time to time and in connection with this, the heating points have different degrees of power:
- The first burner is the weakest - its value does not exceed 0.4-1 kW.
- Followed by two burners of 1.5 kW each.
- The fourth burner is already the strongest - its power can reach up to 3 kW.
In other words, the total power of a kitchen appliance can reach 7 kW. This information is especially important if the task of how to connect the electric hob is solved on your own.
At the same time, it is worth noting that this applies to the standard configuration, that is, without taking into account additional options. In particular, we are talking about the following:
- Some models have the ability to adjust the total heating area in relation to each point due to additional rings around the discs.
- Panels with the function of combining both adjacent burners. This is true in the case of using dishes of a non-standard elongated shape - goose and other options.
- More hot spots - maybe six or more instead of four.
As a result, the total power of the kitchen appliance is noticeably increased. Therefore, it is worth considering in advance how exactly the hob will be powered. After all, it largely dependsfurther operation of equipment.
Cable for connecting the hob
Unfortunately, not in all cases, manufacturers complete their stoves, hobs and other kitchen appliances with wires to connect them. And if such equipment has already been acquired, then in this case there is a need to purchase a cable. But which option to choose based on the section, material of manufacture and brand?
In this case, the cable should be selected depending on the main factors:
- device power;
- type of electrical network - single-phase or three-phase.
Power is usually indicated in the data sheet. The type of network can be determined by the number of cores in the wiring of a residential building. In accordance with building codes, a single-phase network (if these are not old buildings) contains three wires - phase, zero, ground. Three-phase wiring already includes 5 cores - three phases, zero, ground.
The cable must be of the required length to easily reach the outlet. In addition, it must be flexible enough.
Features of optimal choice
As for the choice of the optimal wire section for connecting the hob, the table below is given:
| Power, kW |
Section of conductors in a single-phase network, mm2 |
Section of conductors in a three-phase network, mm2 |
| No more than 3 | 1, 5 | 1, 5 |
| 3 to 5 | 2, 5 | 1, 5 |
| From 5 to 7, 5 | 4, 0 | 2, 5 |
| From 7, 5 to 10 | 6, 0 | 2, 5 |
Of course, there can be many more options, but all of the above is most common, so this information may well be enough to connect the hob yourself.
Separate line and connection wire materials
For the hob, it is necessary to allocate a separate line with a mandatory circuit breaker from the input switchboard. And since a modern hob has a rather impressive power - at least 3 kW (we learned about this above), then according to the EIC it is necessary to use only copper wire to connect such kitchen appliances.
But cables with aluminum conductors are not suitable due to the fact that such wiring is simply not able to withstand a load of 3 kW or more. Otherwise, this can not only lead to equipment failure, but also to ignition of the wiring. This important point must be considered before installing and connecting the hob.
In addition, it is worth noting that it is forbidden to connect several power household appliances to only one line. In other words, you cannot combine the line of sockets and lighting with the power supply of the hob.
If this is not possible, thenyou should completely refuse to purchase this technology. This important nuance must be taken care of even before going to the store.
Socket
Each time the hob connection is not complete without another very important nuance - you must have a high-quality power outlet and plug. As for the number of pins, here again everything depends on the type of electrical wiring:
- Single-phase network - three outputs: phase, zero, ground.
- Three-phase network - five outputs: 3 phases, 2 zeros and 1 earth.
As a rule, power plugs and sockets are manufactured according to modern technologies using durable special plastic. At the same time, the most diverse assortment is on sale, both with and without a lid.
To correctly connect the plug to the hob, you should be puzzled by the correct choice of such a connection. These items may differ depending on the type of wiring. If the network is single-phase, then they are able to withstand a current load of 32 A, but if the network is three-phase, then 16 A. At the same time, you should not be guided by the appearance of the design, the rated current indicator is much more important.
As for ordinary sockets, they are simply not able to withstand the required amperage that is required for the hob. Otherwise, fires cannot be avoided.
The socket itself can be mounted at a convenient height for consumers, but not more than 900 mm from the floor level. In this case, it should not be placed flush with the hob - it must not be allowed to rest directly on the body. It is desirable to place the socket to the left or to the right.
If there is also an oven, the plug connection must be below the oven. As a rule, the socket for connecting the hob is located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen legs (about a little above 100 mm from the floor). You should not mount it directly on the floor either.
Important nuance
Connecting the hob is a responsible job that requires the utmost care. And depending on how accurately all the rules are followed and the further operation of kitchen appliances will depend.
The first step is to make sure the electrical wiring in the apartment or private house. If this is neglected, then after a fairly short period of time the hob may simply fail. The fact is that due to the poor condition of the wires, the Bosch hob (or any other manufacturer) will turn off all the time, which, ultimately, will lead to its failure. And given the cost of such models, it is unlikely that anyone will be happy with such an unreasonably high risk.
Hob connection diagrams
The technology for connecting the hob largely depends on the type of electrical wiring in a residential building. As a rule, in old buildings erected back in the era of the USSR, a single-phase network with two wires (phase and zero) at 220 volts was carried out. In modern new buildings, they have already switched to a three-phase power supply with 380 volts. Howeverthere are less houses with a two-phase network for 220 V.
How to connect an electric hob based on the color coding of the wires? In this case, the picture emerges as follows:
- Single-phase network with two wires - in this case, there are usually no differences in the color of the wires and they are all the same shade. You can find the phase using a probe (a screwdriver with an indicator) or a tester. But it’s still easier with a screwdriver - as soon as you touch the phase, the indicator lights up. Otherwise it is a neutral conductor.
- Single-phase network with three wires - there is already a difference in color: the phase is indicated by red or brown, the neutral is blue or blue.
- Two-phase network - as already noted, this is an extremely rare case, which is relevant only for new buildings. Phase wires are black and brown, neutral is blue, ground is yellow-green.
- Three-phase network - here neutral and earth do not have color differences. As for the phases, according to one standard they are indicated by three colors: yellow-red-green, and according to another - white-black-brown.
Before you connect the hob yourself, you should make sure that there is a possibility for grounding the case. Most models have built-in tires. The task of the wizard will be reduced to simply applying the appropriate ground wire.
Option with a single-phase electrical network
To connect the hob to a single-phase electrical network, it is not at all necessarycall the master to the house - such work is quite within the power of any home master. Only first it is worth de-energizing either a separate line directly provided for equipment, or the entire dwelling.
In addition, in this case, certain questions may arise. The fact is that almost every model of the hob has 6 outlets:
- three-phase (L1, L2, L3);
- two neutrals or zeros (N1, N2);
- separate ground wire (PE).
However, in a single-phase network, there are only two or three wires. How to connect the hob correctly in this case? Connecting to a network with three wires is easy:
- Phase L is connected directly to three terminals from L1 to L3. Beforehand, two copper jumpers are placed between them, which are provided in the kit.
- Two neutrals N1 and N2 are also connected by another jumper.
- The protective wire is connected to the PE terminal.
To gain access to the terminals, remove the rear cover by unscrewing its fasteners. At the same time, the panel with leads can be located at some elevation above the surface or be recessed into it.
The conductors are connected to the terminals, after which it is worth checking the reliability of the latch so that there is not too much tension. After connecting the plug, turn on the power supply, check each burner for 3-5 minutes.
And if there are only two wires?
But what if the wires in the networkprovided only two? In this case, there are only two connection schemes for the hob:
- Laying a separate ground loop.
- Connecting a hob without grounding.
However, it should be understood that the manufacturer gives a guarantee for equipment only if there is a ground loop. Otherwise, even if the breakdown of equipment is due to a manufacturer's defect, then this will no longer be considered as a warranty case.
Therefore, if you want to keep the warranty period, then you cannot do without laying a separate ground line. Otherwise, you should not count on the loy alty of the manufacturer.
Features of connecting to a three-phase network
In this case, the hob is connected with a five-core wire. A jumper is also needed here, but it will only connect the N1 and N2 terminals. For each phase wire there is a corresponding terminal in the device.
The order of connecting the phase to the terminals of the device does not really matter. In other words, it makes no difference which shade of wire is connected first. It's more important to connect the wires to the plug and socket so that there are no mismatches.
In most cases, with a three-phase connection of the hob, the neutral terminal is usually located at the top, the ground is at the bottom, and all three phases are in the middle. In this case, the same procedure must be observed with respect to the outlet.
Connecting appliances with four wires
This is especially true in relation to the technique of a number of well-knowncompanies:
- Hansa.
- Electrolux.
- Gorenje.
- Bosch.
These hob models have only four wires. However, such a situation for almost any ordinary consumer can cause certain difficulties in connecting equipment to a household electrical network. A reasonable question arises: "How to connect the Bosch hob or equipment from any other manufacturer?"
As a rule, built-in hobs already have a cable for connection, in which case it is necessary to correctly apply the wiring diagram. Of the four wires presented, there are two phases, zero and earth. The order of connection will be carried out in accordance with the following algorithm:
- A compartment with terminals opens at the kitchen appliance. After that, it is necessary to determine which pin corresponds to ground. This is usually a brown/yellow wire.
- A special jumper, which is usually included and hidden in the terminal compartment, connects two phase wires (usually brown and black).
- When directly connected, only the brown wire needs to be used, and the black one needs to be insulated. To do this, use a heat shrink tube.
In the future, the connection diagram of the hob is carried out in the same way as in the case of a single-phase electrical network.
Conclusion
As you can already see, almost any home master who is able to confidently hold at leastscrewdriver, will be able to independently connect the kitchen appliance. And at the same time, it is enough to have minimal knowledge in relation to electrical work and have the necessary tools.
There are usually no serious problems in new buildings, which cannot be said about the buildings of the Soviet era. After all, in these residential buildings there is old-style wiring, where there is even no grounding. For this reason, a separate circuit should be laid. And such work already requires certain qualifications, skills and abilities.
You can, of course, completely change all the wiring in the apartment, which will require certain investments, and considerable ones. Copper wires are expensive. And here, too, you can not do without the help of a professional electrician. At the same time, the connection diagram of the hob just provides for the use of copper wires, not aluminum.
