Equipmenting your home, each owner achieves not only beauty, but also reliability. First of all, we are talking about castles. There are quite a number of them, different in price, features and characteristics. A special place among them is occupied by an electromagnetic lock.
Device
The design of this element is simple. The basis is the core in the winding. It is located in a special building. The core is made from sheets of electrical steel. The use of this material is due to the low magnetized effect. And to reduce residual stress, it is enough to apply a special paint composition.
Most often, the design is a small plate, which is welded together and form the letter "Sh". The winding is a coil with numerous turns of enameled copper wire. The body is steel or aluminium. The use of plastic is allowed, but this reduces the durability of the structure and its reliability.
Working principle
Mechanism startsfunction when the magnetic elements are activated. This happens when voltage is applied to the case and winding through the core. Only 5 W of voltage is enough to interlock doors weighing up to 150 kg.
Turning the lock on and off forms an oscillatory circuit with alternating current acting on it. Charging is carried out by means of a capacitor through the winding, as a result of which the magnetic polarity changes. The residual current goes to remagnetization. It happens that the capacitor fails. Then the door opens with considerable effort. This can only be eliminated by replacing the part, while installing it in parallel with the terminals.
Views
Distinguish electromagnetic locks by type of locking device:
- Retainers.
- Shear.
In the shear device, the magnet is fixed with a lock tongue, so such structures must be cut into the door or gate.
In the holding version, the magnet holds the doors that open. It is allowed to install several such elements along the entire perimeter of the opening.
Installation tools
Installing an electromagnetic lock is a simple matter, so it can be done on its own. To do this, you will need the following tools:
- Pencil to make the necessary marks for installation.
- Drill. If a mortise structure is being installed, then it is necessary to drill holes for mounting bolts under it.
- Screwdriver or screwdriver.
- Hammer andchisel.
- Building level and tape measure.
Start mounting
Installation of an electromagnetic lock on the door begins with markings at the installation site. It can be both horizontal and vertical. The main thing is to observe the condition of indentation from the door hinges. You can determine the place for the counter plate by applying the main device to the canvas. Next is her stencil. Then the fastener parts are marked.
After that, holes are drilled, after checking the diameter of the drill. The plate is fixed with washers. Two nuts are screwed onto the screws: on the side where the door jamb is first steel, and then rubber. This will allow the structure to oscillate unhindered while still ensuring a good core fit.
You can determine the location of the corner of the plate by applying the main part of the lock. Next, the plate is shifted in the desired direction using a hexagon. At the same time, the fixing bolt is loosened in order to check whether the installation of the door electromagnetic lock has been carried out correctly. A prerequisite for the correct functioning of the locking element is the parallel installation of the plate to the base.
Types of installation
Installing an electromagnetic lock with your own hands depends on the type of door:
- Mounting is done on top of the inner part of the jamb, while the core is placed in the center. The second element is placed on the opposite side. Additional fasteners are not needed.
- Bglass-type doors are mounted by making an internal contact device, and instead of a steel plate, a corner is used. The door opens into the room.
- Electromagnetic lock, which is installed on a door with a narrow jamb, is additionally supplied with corners. They help expand the installation area.
- When you need the door to open towards the lock, its contact pad and plate are fixed in a vertical position with the help of corners.
Further installation
After the marking lines of the future castle are outlined, holes are drilled.
Next, a niche must be made at the installation site. This is done with the help of milk and a chisel. The installation of an electromagnetic lock on a metal door is carried out at the stage of manufacturing the door itself. But if this happens during its operation, then part of the skin is removed to make a niche.
The body of the lock is installed in the niche, after which it is fixed. The response bar is set in the same way.
Optional equipment
Electromagnetic lock, the installation of the main elements of which is completed, requires the installation of additional equipment. It can be a controller, an entry button, or a power supply. These elements are installed indoors, but the reader is mounted outside. Additional devices are attached to the wall adjacent to the door, but not to its leaf.
For self-fastening theseitems needed:
- make markup in the selected place;
- make holes for mounting;
- install and fix devices.
Connection
Connecting an electromagnetic lock, which was installed independently, is also easy. This requires the circuit that comes with the lock kit, and minimal electrical skills.
The main element in the operation of the lock is the controller. All other components are connected to it. The connection must be made with insulated wires of a two-core type with a cross section of at least 0.5 mm. So that the wires do not spoil the interior, they can be hidden in the wall or in a special box.
Video intercom connection
The video intercom is connected to the lock, like other elements, through the controller. In this case, a four-wire wire is already used. When connecting a video intercom, follow these steps:
- Communication panel located outside the room and the device must be connected. Often the communication panel and the reader are located in the same place.
- Connect power from the intercom to the controller.
- Additionally connect the lock and controller to allow the locking mechanism to be opened by the video intercom.
- Connect the panel to call the controller.
Lock control options
All control of the electromagnetic lock is done using the controller.
That, in turn, has the following functions:
- transmission of a signal to open the lock;
- supplying power to fix the locking mechanism;
- key coding.
Already before you start using the lock, you must set all the keys. This is done as follows:
- When connecting for the first time, the key included in the kit is brought to the controller.
- The controller must be put into write mode via a jumper.
- After that, the remaining keys are brought to the reader and programmed.
- The controller must be put into operation mode.
When all the keys are prepared, the lock will automatically lock, and you can open it with one of the sets of ready-made keys.
Lock on gate
Installation of the electromagnetic lock on the gate can be carried out independently. This will require the same set of tools as for mounting on the door. The sequence of actions is as follows:
- Holes are drilled in the metal frame of the gate, smaller diameter than self-tapping screws.
- The lock is fixed with self-tapping screws.
- The reciprocal bar is fixed on the gate leaf.
- The wires from the reader are passed through the far body of the gate, while fixing the device on the fence or gate leaf.
- The controller is installed at a convenient distance and in a place so that it is convenient to read keys from it in the future.
- With intern althe opening button is installed on the side of the gate.
After these manipulations, it is necessary to connect the electromagnetic lock, which was installed on the fence gate.
Wires are connected to the reader and terminals. Throughout the entire wiring, it must be covered in a special plastic tray that will protect it from moisture and other weather conditions. After successful programming, you can start operating.
So, we figured out how to install an electromagnetic lock with our own hands.
