The speed of assembly and the low cost of building using Canadian technology makes frame houses more and more popular in Russia. However, skeptical consumers remain, who are deterred by the fire hazard of the base material and its vulnerability to high humidity.
To reduce the negative qualities of frame structures to a minimum, builders began to use new materials - DSP. Houses made of cement-bonded particle boards have a longer service life and are characterized by better fire resistance. And what are the features of such a cladding, how it is made and what properties such structures acquire, we will tell in the article.
Why are DSP materials better than conventional analogues?
Canadian technology for building houses involves the use of sandwich panels, consisting of two sheets of OSB boards and insulation laid between them. Such a lining turns out to be quite warm, but vulnerable to external factors.
In order to increase the service life of frame structures, Canadianhouses from CSP. The products are cement particle boards made from wood chips and cement.
In appearance, they resemble drywall sheets, but their performance is much higher. Chip filler allows you to save the thermal insulation properties of OSB boards, while the new material is able to withstand fire and tolerates moisture much better.
Slab Manufacturing Technology
DSP for the exterior of the house is made from wood chips of coniferous and hardwood. The raw materials are thoroughly dried, ground and mixed with Portland cement.
The prepared mixture is laid out in molds and subjected to pressing, which makes it possible to achieve an absolute smoothness of the surface. The resulting plates are sent for heat treatment, where the products are completely dried within 8 hours.
Within 14 days, the plates completely harden, lose moisture and gain maximum strength. Items are culled and sold.
All finished products are divided into 2 types:
- DSP - 1;
- DSP - 2.
The differences are in the thickness of the plates and a slight difference in the level of strength. Standard sheets are 3200 and 3600 mm long and 1200 and 1250 mm wide. But the thickness of the products varies from 8 to 40 mm. Plate thickness indicators determine the scope of its application.
The most durable options are used for the outer cladding of buildings, and the thinner ones are used to create piers and roughgender.
Specifications
The main properties of the material depend on the physical and mechanical properties of the raw materials used. Slabs retain heat, like natural wood, have high strength and significant mass, like concrete products. These two qualities make DSP houses quite popular.
The other indicators of cement-bonded particle boards are as follows:
- hardness - 4000 -4500 MPa;
- ability to transmit heat - 0.26 W;
- heat capacity of products - 1.15 kJ;
- biological stability - Grade 4;
- frost resistance without loss of initial properties - for 50 freezing cycles;
- the ability to absorb moisture when immersed in water - no more than 16%.
The resistance of the material to temperature extremes and high humidity allows you to build houses from DSP in any climate. The slabs are excellent as cladding for unheated buildings where wood cladding is unacceptable.
How do houses made of cement-bonded particle boards differ from their counterparts from OSB?
A frame house made of DSP panels has all the positive qualities of wood and cement: it is quite warm and durable. At the same time, the walls do not have a harmful effect on the human body, since the composition of the plate does not include formaldehydes and other toxic substances.
Also, the advantages include resistance to mold and fungi. Cement surfaces are devoid of the main disadvantage of frame structures - the impact of bugs, insects androdents. Such walls perfectly retain heat inside the room and do not allow moisture to penetrate inside the house.
Another advantage of wooden houses made of DSP is fire safety. Plates are slow-burning and low-flammable materials, they do not spread flame and emit a minimum amount of smoke during combustion.
Are there any disadvantages to frame houses with DSP sheathing?
If we talk about the disadvantages of such a cladding, then first of all we should mention the large weight of the products. The cement, which is part of the slab, significantly weights the material. Because of this, difficulties arise during the transportation of sheets and during their installation on the frame. For buildings with a large area, a reinforced foundation is required, which can lead to higher construction costs.
Also, experts note the fragility of sheets on bends. Plates should be mounted on flat surfaces. If there are slight irregularities on the frame, it is better to take the cladding material with a small margin.
Building Technology
The process of erecting and finishing a house with DSP panels does not differ significantly from the standard Canadian construction technology. First, the frame of the required strength is driven out, and then it is sheathed.
Sheets are quite easy to process: they are cut, sanded and fixed with self-tapping screws. First, the frame is sheathed from the outside. After that, a heater (most often mineral wool) and a vapor barrier material are installed. Thenthe interior walls of the building are created.
The thickness of the outer wall of DSP is in the range of 20 to 25 cm, while its thermal conductivity is minimal and corresponds to the ergonomic indicators of brick buildings (with a wall thickness of 80 cm).
What finishes can DSP materials be treated with?
All houses made of sip panels (from DSP) require mandatory protection from the outside. Such surfaces can be plastered and finished with clinker tiles. Frame houses with a ventilated facade system are especially popular. This finish reliably protects the walls from negative external influences and does not interfere with the air exchange of the walls.
If you decide to do wall cladding from DSP yourself, take into account some features of working with such surfaces.
Namely:
- When using ceramic or clinker cladding, the walls are pre-prepared. A fiberglass sickle is fixed on them, the surface is treated with a primer. In the process of mounting the mesh, woodworking compounds are used.
- Facade cladding is carried out in three rows. After each stage, time is maintained for the mortar to dry and prevent the tiles from slipping.
- The finished facing is left for 24 hours, after which the joints are grouted.
If you want to make the wall more resistant to moisture, cover the surface with a protective varnish.
Features of working with DSP materials
If the cladding of the house is a DSP-slabs is performed for the first time, the best solution would be to perform work without taking into account window and door openings. This will prevent damage to the material and greatly simplify the work. It is better to cut the necessary holes after sheathing the entire frame.
It is recommended to treat the joints of adjacent plates with sealant. So you exclude the possibility of cold air entering the room.
Use yellow and white self-tapping screws as fasteners. They have a protective coating that prevents the development of corrosion. This will help extend the life of the assembled walls.
Cost of DSP cladding
The price tag for chipboard depends on the thickness you choose. For each type of work, products with certain parameters are selected. So, for facing the facade of a building, it is customary to use plates with a width of 12 to 16 mm. Their cost varies from 800 to 1100 rubles per sheet.
To create canopies, window sills and other similar structures, products with widths from 20 to 36 mm are purchased. They have a price tag from 1300 to 2500 rubles per sheet. It is not worth using such varieties for making walls, as thick slabs will put a heavy load on the frame and base of the building.
In the process of erecting interior partitions and for mounting the base under the floor covering, plates from 8 to 20 mm are used. Their price tag starts at 560 rubles and reaches about 1200 rubles per sheet.
Experienced builders recommend purchasing slabs in large quantities, as this significantly affects their final cost: the price tag for piece sales is much higher than for bulk purchases.
Reviews
Owners of private buildings, who decided to sheathe the house with DSP boards, have already managed to appreciate the merits of this material. Most of them chose cement bonded particle boards because of their environmental friendliness and fire resistance. The latter property made it possible to build frame houses for residents of the southern regions, where fires are often observed in the summer.
Professional builders note the ease of use and easy installation of chipboard. If not the thickest varieties are used in the process of work, then one plate can be lifted even without the help of special equipment.
Cutting thick sheets experienced craftsmen recommend a circular saw with a disc for woodworking. Thin varieties are easily amenable to a conventional hacksaw. Holes for fasteners are made using a drill with a conventional drill.
Facing a house outside with DSP boards does not take much time, which is especially pleasing to private craftsmen. You can build a utility room or a garage from this material in just a couple of days.
Owners of houses with DSP walls note tangible energy savings. Once heated, the house maintains an optimal microclimate for 2-5 days.
Inhabitants of frame houses with cement particle board cladding also talk about highsoundproofing properties of such buildings. Unlike walls made of OSB boards, partitions made of sheets with Portland cement do not let extraneous sounds into the room.
Summing up
So, why are frame houses made of DSP so attractive? First, they have a longer lifespan than plywood sheathed buildings. The ability of the material to withstand 50 freeze cycles suggests that the warranty period for such a building is about fifty years.
If earlier you were embarrassed by the fire hazard of frame structures, then with the use of cement-bonded particle boards you can forget about this drawback. If any part of the stove ignites, the fire will spread very slowly.
Characteristics of DSP suggest that this material is best suited for building houses in the harsh Russian climate. Such walls will not start to rot due to high humidity and will retain their original dimensions after sudden changes in air temperature and humidity levels. All this suggests that DSP frame houses should be paid attention to by everyone who is thinking about building economical and practical housing.
