Many people, planning the next renovation in the apartment, more and more often give preference to painting the walls. This type of finish is more relevant than ever among the population due to cost-effectiveness, ease of application and a rich selection of materials. In order for the updated walls and floors to last as long as possible, you need to know what types of paints are and for what purposes they are intended.
What to look for when choosing
Before you decide to retrain as a home painter-plasterer and start an exciting activity - painting the walls, you need to calculate the coverage area, decide on the color. Then determine the necessary structure, and the last step is the most difficult stage - orientation to the types of paints, each of which meets certain requirements.
Most popular paint materials
From the variety of materials on the market, three most popular groups can be distinguished:
- water-based;
- acrylic;
- latex covers.
By mixing the compositions with each other, manufacturers also produce other types of floor and wall paints, which we will also talk about in detail. But let's start, of course, with the most popular lineups.
Water-based paint
What is water-based coating? Everything is extremely simple - it is a paint containing polymeric microparticles dissolved in water. Although it would be more correct to say that the paint particles are embedded in the body of water. After application to the wall, almost instantaneous weathering of water molecules occurs, and at the same time a uniform dense and solid colored layer forms on the surface. The popularity of these products among the population is due to ease of use, beautiful appearance and the absence of a characteristic odor when applied. They are successfully used both for application on walls and as a floor covering. However, surface care must be carried out using dry cleaning methods. This is logical, because the paint dissolves quickly enough in water and can eventually come off the surface.
Water-based paint: types of ceiling and wall coverings
As we said, manufacturers successfully mix the properties of the compositions with each other, therefore, there are also subspecies inside the water-based paint:
- acrylic;
- silicone;
- silicate;
- acrylic latex paint.
These compositions are among themselvesdiffer in binder, as well as methods of preparation. Let's analyze their properties so as not to make a mistake with the choice of paint for repairs.
Acrylic water-based paint
The main advantage of this coating is its high water resistance. It is successfully used on concrete, brick, plastered surfaces, as well as on top of drywall. The composition is extremely popular for interior finishing work due to the complete absence of toxicity and the release of a characteristic odor upon application. In other words, the material is suitable for use even in a residential area. The paint will not be able to cause any damage to he alth and sound sleep. The advantages of acrylic water-based composition include relative cheapness, brightness and richness of shades, resistance to external (including water) influences. But even if the paint endures the impact of cleaning, this does not mean at all that it should not be spared. The more carefully you take care of the surface, the longer the coating can serve you.
Silicone emulsion paint
We continue to analyze the types of paints for potential repairs. Silicone composition is perhaps the most popular and most modern of those presented by us. This trend is due to the fact that when creating the coating, all the positive properties of not only water-dispersion compositions, but also acrylic and silicate ones were taken as a basis. The silicone resins included in the coating are powerful emulsifiers that form a strong water-repellent film on the surface of the applied layer. It is in silicone durable compoundstypes of paints for outdoor use have acquired a powerful competitor. They are successfully used for painting the facades of buildings and other construction projects.
Silicate water-based formulations
These compounds are quite versatile and are suitable for both indoor and outdoor use. Used to cover plaster, concrete, cement, brick, and over old paint. To find colored silicate paint, you need to work hard, because most manufacturers prefer white compositions. Therefore, this type of coating often acts as a base, on top of which a water-based paint of the required shade is applied.
Acrylic Latex Water Based Paint
This composition is similar in quality to acrylic, with only one difference. Latex is added to the structure of the presented coating. Therefore, ordinary acrylic paint acquires additional properties: elasticity, resilience, resistance to physical and water influences. If you choose types of paint for walls, regardless of the cost, then you should pay close attention to this particular type. The quality, durability and bright color of the coating is ensured, and wet cleaning can be done even with the use of detergents. Of course, you need to pay more for high quality goods.
If you need to paint a large area
Let's say your task is not to repair and refresh the walls in a single room, but to paint a largearea of the object, internal or external. In addition, you are limited in funds and would like to know which of all the compositions presented will be the most economical, strong and durable, and most importantly, safe for the he alth of households. Pay attention to water-based paints. It is they who are able to paint over large surfaces without harm to he alth, and besides, they are sold at a reasonable price. Such compositions have an undeniable advantage: in addition, they do not require the purchase of solvents, because the water base itself is such.
Acrylic paints
We continue to study the types of paints and varnishes. We have already met with water-based acrylic compositions. Now consider exclusively acrylic compositions. Choose this look if you want to get a matte wall surface. In choosing shades, you will not have any difficulties due to the fact that in any building supermarket the lion's share of the assortment is occupied by acrylic paints, the range of shades of which is able to amaze the imagination of even the most sophisticated designer. If your goal is a bright unusual matte wall with a durable finish, then this is exactly what you were looking for.
The technical characteristics of the product allow us to judge its resistance not only to wet cleaning, but also to the appearance of traces of soot and greasy stains that playful children's hands can leave. However, you should still read more about the technical characteristics by reading about them on the packaging. The manufacturer usually indicates in the list of characteristics all positivecomposition quality.
Latex paints
But if the goal of your repair is glossy durable surfaces, then there are practically no alternatives to latex paints on the modern market. By the way, the combination of textures and applying matte and glossy compositions to different parts of the walls is a very popular trend in interior design. In this case, the types of paints can complement each other, making up a harmonious, stylish, diversified, but monochromatic coating. What is the advantage of modern latex paints? A glossy surface can be achieved in just one application. The paint lays down in a uniform and thin layer, it can even be applied to wallpaper. Designers also like to use this technique when decorating interiors. Act as a professional, coming up with unusual stylish types of apartment design using an original technique. The degree of gloss is usually indicated on the paint packaging and is expressed in digital terms. Moreover, the higher the numerical value, the higher the degree of gloss, respectively. The strength and durability of the coating of this type of paint is due to high technical characteristics.
Oil paints
Now let's talk about the good old oil coatings, practically pushed aside by the latest technology. Various types of oil paints are made on the basis of drying oil and have a specific, familiar to everyone since childhood, smell that does not fade for a long time. Not so long ago, this type of paints and varnishes was indeed the most popular, applied in several layers, forming a thick protective film on the treated surfaces. Oil compositionused as a floor covering on plywood and chipboard sheets, on window frames, on doors, walls and ceilings in private houses, in public institutions. The composition dries for a very long time and you have to wait almost a day before applying a new layer.
Delayed drying is caused by poor air permeability. That is why, over time, a surface painted with oil paint can crack. And in order to re-coat, you have to manually remove the old islands of paint. For these purposes, abrasive materials or solvents are used. Such paint does not have increased environmental friendliness, and recently, taking into account increased competition in the market of goods and manufacturers, it is mainly used for painting metal surfaces and elements.
Enamels
Enamel paints are produced on the basis of varnishes. There are a lot of types of enamels, among them there are alkyd, polyurethane, melamine, nitro enamels and other types of coating. They are best used on rough surfaces due to the best adhesion between structures. Dry within a day after application, have a specific chemical smell. After opening the package, the paint is suitable for use for another year. It is necessary to dilute enamel compositions with solutions specially designed for this purpose.
Types of powder paints and their application
There are two types of powder paints: thermosetting and thermoplastic. Of the thermosetting compositions, they are widely usedepoxy coatings. They are formed by chemical reactions during heat treatment in special polymerization chambers. They are used as a decorative and protective coating in interior and exterior decoration. Epoxy powder paints are elastic, resistant to external natural and chemical influences, but over time they can deteriorate their appearance and become yellow during operation.
Thermoplastic powder paints are obtained by thermal heating and fusing in a polymerization chamber without the influence of chemical reactions. Used as anti-corrosion, electrical insulating and anti-friction coatings.
There are hybrid types of powder paints - epoxy-polyester compositions, which have absorbed all the advantages of their predecessors, and during operation retain their excellent decorative qualities for a long time. Apply as finishing of internal and external elements. The scope of the compounds is wide: from facades, window profiles and roofing to heating appliances and fittings.
