Speakers break quite often. This happens in most cases from listening to music for a long time at high volume, since ordinary household speakers cannot function for a long time at maximum power. They also break from applying too much voltage to them, otherwise, from connecting to an overly strong amplifier. But this is unlikely to tell you in the store. They describe what power they are, but no one will tell you that, working at the limit for a long time, they can break. But most likely they will serve their warranty period. Therefore, the average layman and the question arises, how to fix the speakers with his own hands, what, in general, breaks there and is it not easier to simply throw them away?
What are regular columns
Speakers are a simple type of radio engineering. They are a case and speakers built into it. A speaker or, in a simple way, a loudspeaker, maybe one. But in a more advanced model, there may be several. If aThe speakers are the same, which means they perfectly reproduce a wide range of frequencies. But often there are several different ones. If the speaker has three different sizes of speakers, then the largest one reproduces low frequencies, the middle one - medium and the smallest, as it is commonly called "tweeter" - high frequencies.
How to fix the speakers of the usual type, that is, inactive, which do not have a built-in amplifier? It depends on what kind of breakdown happened. Since it is easy to repair a cracked case, we will not dwell on such nuances. Let's go through the breakdowns associated with the failure of the speakers, since there is nothing else to break in ordinary (inactive) speakers apart from them.
Plug
Very often it's the plugs. In this case, you will need to ring with a multimeter. Here's how to fix the column in this case:
- First, we diagnose the problem. To do this, first of all, remove the cover by unscrewing the fasteners.
- We put the multimeter (tester) on ringing and, alternately touching all the contacts of the plug in the places of soldering of the conductor coming from the plug to the speaker board, we look for matches. If at least one of the contacts does not ring, that is, does not reject the arrow or barely rejects, then the problem is either in the wire or in the plug.
- Change the wire and the plug together so that "the head does not hurt".
- We twist the column cover, check, the repair is over.
The current speakers do not have plugs. Therefore, you need to ring the wire itself by pressing the contacts (clothespins) on the speaker and on the amplifier. If at least one livedcalls, change the wire, and everything is in order.
Tweeter failure
To the question of whether it is possible to repair the column if one of the speakers burned out in it, we will answer - it is possible. But in the case of a “tweeter”, that is, with a tweeter, this is treated only by replacement, since such speakers have a closed diffuser basket and you should not even try to disassemble it. This item is disposable.
A hearing loss is being determined. If the speaker has stopped poking, that is, giving out high frequencies, or the top speaker gives out a rattle, then the problem is in the “tweeter”. What we do:
- Open the lid by unscrewing the fixing screws.
- Check for the integrity of the soldering on the contacts of the low-frequency speaker, that is, whether the wires have fallen off the speaker contacts. If everything is normal, then the problem is 100% in the “tweeter” itself.
- We unsolder the conductors from it, noticing which wire was on the plus, which on the minus (there are symbols on the side near the contacts).
- We take a new (or used, but working) tweeter in a radio engineering store or from friends, if someone is lying around idle. The main thing is that the speaker is suitable for power. It is best to take it with you to the store. There, people, if anything, will find an analogue in size.
- Put in place. In order for the speaker to work without extraneous noise and give out high-quality sound, it is best to put the speaker around the circumference on the sealant, making sure that it does not fall on the cone funnel in any case.
- Solder the wires. Plus - to plus, minus - to minus.
- Close the column cover by tightening all the screws.
- Checking. Everything works great.
Mid-range driver failure
This speaker can be repaired if the membrane holding the cone is torn off in the center or inside the circular slot of the magnet in which the cone coil goes, debris has fallen. In this case, the speaker wheezes. And if only one of the three speakers wheezes, then the problem is only in it. How to fix a column for music in these cases, we will describe below. If you do not want to bother with repairing the speaker, but want to replace it with another one of the same or its analogue, proceed in the same way as in the case of the “tweeter”.
Faulty bass driver
If the upper small speaker clicks as it should be, the middle one sings, and only the big lower speaker wheezes, problems with it are solved in the same way as with the midrange speaker. Breakdowns may be the same. To replace with a new one, simply buy it and follow the instructions above.
Spider separation (diffuser centering washer)
How to fix the speaker on the column if the centering washer membrane is torn off? We act according to the following instructions:
- To diagnose the problem, remove the cover.
- Unscrew the problematic speaker from the case, unsoldering the wires from it. If there is a plug to the board from the speaker, disconnect it.
- Inspecting the spider. If it is torn from the body of the basket,it should be glued in place. This is done with the help of "Moment" glue or the like.
- Carefully clean the place in a circle where the membrane is glued. In no way should debris get into the slot of the diffuser coil, so it is best to soften the old glue with acetone and simply wipe it off with a cloth.
- Let dry.
- We glue the centering washer in place. Until the glue hardens, center the diffuser. When pressed, the coil in the slot should move freely and should not make extraneous grinding sounds. Otherwise, the repaired speaker will wheeze.
- After 24 hours, you can assemble the column in the reverse order, as dismantled.
- Connect, check. If everything is in order, enjoy. If it wheezes, either there is debris in the slot of the coil, or the coil winding itself is damaged by rubbing against the walls for a long time without a spider. Then read on.
Getting into the gap of the coil debris
This is also treated, but here you will have to tinker longer and it’s not a fact that you will be able to remove the diffuser with high quality and clean the slot from dirt, and then put it back on the glue. How can I fix the column in this case:
- Opening the lid.
- Solder (disconnect) the wires and remove the speaker.
- We take a cotton or other rope, impregnate it in acetone and place it around the perimeter of the fit of the upper part of the diffuser funnel to the basket body.
- Do the same withcentering washer, since the diffuser will have to be dismantled completely.
- When the glue softens enough, carefully tear off the diffuser from the top rim of the basket, and the spider from its bed circle.
- Remove the diffuser and clean the slot from debris. This can be done with a compressor, a vacuum cleaner, various mechanical devices, such as cardboard. In no case should you poke around in the slot of the magnet with pieces of iron. If you scratch the wall surfaces, the speaker will squeak as the coil rubs against the burrs.
- When everything is cleaned, we assemble the speaker in the reverse order, as it was taken apart.
- After immersing the coil magnet into the slot, before firmly putting it on the glue, the diffuser should be carefully centered so that no squeaks are heard when the diffuser is immersed down. The coil in the slot should move silently.
- Next, let the glue dry for 24 hours, assemble and test. If everything sounds great, you are great. If not, then you're still great. At least they tried. But the speaker will have to be replaced with a new one.
Computer speakers
And how to fix speakers for a computer, you ask. We will answer. Computer speakers are all active, that is, with built-in amplifiers. In them, most often, sound chips burn out. If the power light is on, then the power supply is OK. Most likely, the dynamics themselves are in order. And you have to solder and solder the chip. It can burn out and not alone, it can burn out resistance, capacitor, etc.
Because our article is being writtenfor those who are not familiar with radio engineering, we will not describe how to fix this breakdown. Here it is best to turn to the masters. Where can I get my computer speakers fixed? At any service center. Everything is done quickly and cheaply. But, often, some speaker models cost so much that it is better to buy new ones, because, no matter how cheap it is, sometimes they will take half the cost of the speakers themselves for repairs (if it is not under warranty).
