Today, almost every private house is equipped with a chimney. And in most cases, it has a practical meaning, rather than a purely decorative one. This is due to the fact that private houses are very rarely connected to centralized heating, they are heated using boilers, stoves, etc. And the chimney plays a very important role in all this. Through it, steam and smoke are emitted. It helps to properly function any heating system. Installing a chimney is a very complex and painstaking process.
Introduction
The chimney is a complex structure, the purpose of which is to remove by-products of heating from the furnace into the atmosphere, which protects the house from dampness, burning, tar and burning through the walls. It is an integral part of almost every country house or cottage.
The principle of operation of this design lies in its ability to create natural draft, which removes steam, tar, etc. Installing a chimney is a very significant process. If you make mistakes during its construction, you can not get the desired result and earn a lot of problems. An example is insufficiently powerful traction for a certain type of furnace, which is fraught with carbon monoxide poisoning.gas.
There are many different configurations of chimneys, which differ both in their installation price and in traction and other characteristics. Each of them has its own disadvantages and advantages. Let's talk about what the different types of chimneys are, what tools you need to install them, and how to install them correctly.
Toolkit
We will list the minimum tools that will be needed when performing chimney installation work. This set may vary depending on what type of system you are installing. So let's get started. You need to prepare the following tools:
- Bulgarian (to her - a set of discs for working on stone and metal).
- Grinder.
- Hammer.
- Puncher with a set of drills of different diameters.
- Building level (for convenience, it is better to have a large and a small one).
- A bucket, a trowel, a square, a tape measure are small accessories that will make the job easier.
- Purchase a mounting gun if possible.
Now you can start working. Installing a chimney or building one won't seem like such a big deal if you have a head on your shoulders and hard-working hands.
Materials
Today, there are many different types of chimneys, which are constructed from different materials. Depending on the type of construction, a certain set of materials is purchased. So, for example, installing a sandwich chimney involves the use of the following components:
- pipesdifferent diameters, which are inserted into each other;
- filler (insulating material) with a working temperature of up to 700 degrees Celsius is what is between the pipes;
- pipe fasteners;
- screws for metal;
- clamps and brackets;
- pipe elbows - necessary for pipe bends, etc.
For laying a traditional brick chimney, cement, special refractory bricks, an umbrella to cover the pipe, etc. are needed. And here we already see how much consumables differ for a particular design. Thus, having decided on the type of chimney, we begin the search and purchase of everything necessary for its installation.
Requirements for a modern chimney
Any modern chimney, be it sandwich or brick, must comply with a certain set of requirements and safety regulations. What are these requirements?
- It must be resistant to moisture. The condensation process leads to the fact that the walls of chimneys, both brick and metal, are capable of self-destruction.
- Having powerful traction.
- A good chimney can withstand temperatures up to 1000 degrees Celsius.
- It should have excellent chemical resistance.
- Smooth inner surface (this design will be much easier to clean).
Following the rules for installing a chimney, you can achieve good results and build a really good, high-quality product output systemcombustion.
Main varieties
There are many different classifications of chimneys, but today we will talk about types such as:
- Brick chimney.
- Sandwich chimney.
- Coaxial designs.
- Gas heat sink as a kind of chimney.
We will talk about them, as they are the most popular among summer residents and owners of country houses. It is worth noting that each of the types has its own advantages and disadvantages, so only you will choose which one is right for you.
Brick chimney
Installing a brick chimney, or rather its construction from the base to the visor, is a rather complicated process, including many stages and rules that you need to know and follow. Let's start with the fact that one such design is designed for a maximum of two ovens, provided that they are on the same floor.
Chimney installation rules are of great importance in this case. In part, they relate to masonry. Each brick should overlap the joint below those lying - this will avoid self-destruction. It is believed that a structure erected by this method is much stronger than any other.
The temperature at the bottom of the oven can be overwhelming. Especially if the house is heated with coal. To avoid damage to the base of the pipe, a special stainless steel nozzle is mounted on the furnace, which is then lined with a double layer of brick. The size of this design depends on the height of the ceilings.and the oven itself. For masonry, it is necessary to use only clay mortar with the addition of cement. It is very important to make a special valve that will block the entire hole - it will serve as a regulator for increasing or decreasing thrust.
It is also allowed to build chimneys inside external walls, with one condition, of course: if they are made of non-combustible materials. Recently, most of these systems are made on the basis of a steel pipe, which is further insulated and lined with bricks.
Chimney installation: sandwich technology
Sandwich technology is a complex and expensive structure that can withstand high temperatures as well as brick. A huge plus of such a chimney is that it practically does not need to be serviced. The only thing needed is to clean it periodically.
The sandwich chimney consists of three main elements. First, the inner and outer pipes, which are inserted into each other. The seams of each of them must be well welded and wrapped with a protective fire-resistant fabric or fiber. The gap between the pipes is filled with a special fire-resistant and heat-resistant material, which does not allow the outer pipe to become very hot. This is the third element.
Installing a sandwich chimney will take a lot of time and effort, but it's worth it. The final stage of work is to fix the structure on the outer part of the wall of the house. This process is carried out by means of special clamps, fasteners andbrackets.
Coaxial chimney
Installation of a coaxial chimney is most often carried out on steam generators, gas boilers, etc. This technology is somewhat similar to a sandwich, but instead of a sealant, spacers are simply installed inside that do not allow the pipes to touch. Such a system, unlike other varieties, can be displayed in a horizontal position through an external wall. The installation of chimneys for gas boilers is very popular today, and the coaxial type is the most used.
You ask: "Why are they installed only on gas boilers and generators?" The answer is obvious. The thing is that the temperature in such boilers at the outlet is much lower than that of real furnaces. That is why this type is not used anywhere else. Installing a gas chimney is similar to installing a sandwich system.
Modular ceramic chimney
Today, modular ceramic chimneys are in great demand, despite their exorbitant prices. This is due to the fact that such constructions carry two key qualities that are very important for a person - they are very easy to install and quite reliable. Such chimneys can be laid even inside wooden walls, it is only necessary to observe a gap between the wall and ceramics - 5 cm. In addition, they have a very attractive appearance.
The installation of such a chimney is very simple. For this it is necessaryconnect the already finished sections of the pipe (modules) together, fasten well and fill the seams with a special sealing solution, after which the whole structure is fixed on / in the wall.
Bathroom chimney
Almost any owner of a suburban area dreams of having a sauna or bathhouse in or near his house. The most important element of the latter is the oven. After all, it is she who creates high temperatures in the steam room. And for this, a high-quality installation of a furnace and a chimney is required, which will work, so to speak, in tandem. It is best to use traditional brick structures for such a case.
We have already considered the rules for installing such a chimney above. So there shouldn't be any issues. As for everything else, the installation of a chimney in the bath is possible both inside and outside the room. The decision, as always, is yours. But experienced experts advise building a structure inside. The walls of the chimney get very hot, they can increase the temperature in the room. However, if you are not confident in your abilities, it is best to entrust such work to professionals who will do everything efficiently and quickly.
Problems when installing chimneys
Installation of a chimney pipe can be accompanied by a lot of problems, and a poorly built system will simply nullify all efforts and add headaches. Various difficulties may arise. One of the reasons may be the wrong material. For example, if we putthe base of the furnace is a bad brick, then you can be left without a chimney, as it will quickly crack and crumble. In addition, it is necessary to know the design features of such a system in order to prevent the disappearance of thrust. For example, the height of the pipe above the adjacent part of the roof should be at least 0.5 m, and for houses with a combined roof (flat) - at least 2.0 m. And one more important point. The mouths of brick channels to a height of 0.2 m should be protected from precipitation with a layer of cement mortar or a cap made of roofing or galvanized steel.
Of course, it's best to learn from the mistakes of others so as not to make your own. And mistakes in this case are fraught with major troubles. The wrong chimney can destroy your entire home. For example, burnt walls can easily cause a fire. Therefore, before you start something, you need to carefully plan and think through everything. Consult with knowledgeable people, re-read special literature, in the end play it safe and entrust the installation of such important systems to professionals. From this, there will be fewer problems, and you will get the job done faster.
