Bania is extremely popular in Russia. Today it is an obligatory attribute of a summer residence, a private house or a country estate. Furnace equipment can be classified according to different parameters: someone builds brick heaters, someone prefers metal stoves assembled by their own hands. The latter option turns out to be more economical in practice, because such a model can be made from improvised materials.
Why choose a metal oven
The do-it-yourself metal stove for a bath is being assembled today by many home craftsmen. This is due to many factors, for example:
- compactness;
- no need to build a massive foundation;
- the ability to maintain a constant combustion process;
- ability to build structures from available materials.
Such stoves really turn out to be quite compact, which means that they can be installed even in a small steam room. The construction will not require a massive foundation, for this it will be possible to build a lightweight foundation. This will not only simplify the process of installing furnace equipment, but also savetime. Due to the fact that the combustion process can be maintained constantly, the temperature will be kept at the required level.
Cons of a metal oven
Despite the fact that a metal stove for a bath with their own hands can be assembled, many refuse such a design in favor of expensive brick structures, which only an experienced specialist can build. This is due to some of the disadvantages of metal furnaces, among them:
- quick cooling;
- low heating capacity of a room with a large area;
- need for fire protection.
Metal ovens heat up quickly enough, but also cool down quickly. It is not possible to accumulate thermal energy in such structures. In order to achieve a normal temperature in the bath for procedures, it will be necessary to maintain the combustion process. Some bathhouse owners also refuse metal stoves for the reason that such structures must be protected in order to ensure a normal level of fire safety. Some, for example, use additional hull skins.
Metal furnace device
A simple metal sauna stove usually has two parts, one for the furnace, the other for the water tank. The blower is located at the bottom of the pipe, above it is a round steel plate. Above the firebox there should be a heater, from top to bottom it should be 10 cm or more. ATa hole for a chimney is made in the hot water tank. It is important to ensure the tightness of the seams. A metal stove for a Russian bath has advantages over a brick one in that it heats up rather quickly, and there is no chance of carbon monoxide poisoning. In addition, making such a design is quite simple on your own.
Recommendations for oven parameters
If you are going to make a metal stove-heater for a bath, then you can make it according to your drawing. However, if there is no desire to create it, then you can make a box from blanks of the following sizes:
- two plates with dimensions 600x1400 mm;
- one plate with dimensions 270x600 mm;
- one plate with dimensions 270x140 mm.
In order to make a niche for stones, two blanks should be cut out of 5 mm sheet iron with the following parameters: 270x300 mm. Two more blanks should have different dimensions: 270x250 mm. One sheet of steel should have the following dimensions: 25x300 mm. However, quite often, metal stoves for a bath are made from a pipe. In this case, a blank with the parameters mentioned in the article will do.
Self-made metal furnace: choosing the shape of the body
If you are going to assemble a metal stove for a bath with your own hands, then at the first stage you have to choose the shape of the body. This setting will affect hardware performance and convenienceits operation. The oven can be:
- cylindrical;
- curly;
- horizontal;
- rectangular.
The latter variety is more popular and convenient. If the furnace will have such a configuration, then the form will remain for the longest time. And it will be quite difficult to get burned about the corners, because it is these zones that are subject to minimal heat. The uniformity of heating of the structure and the room will depend on the shape of the furnace. You must also take into account the need to ensure the stability of the structure. For example, a cylindrical or round body has low stability. In addition, such equipment requires denser walls, as it will heat up more.
Selection of design features and preparation of materials
Metal sauna stoves have been known for a long time, during which time craftsmen have developed many varieties and designs of such devices. The simplest solution would be a stove stove, which can be made from a barrel. To do this, the lid and bottom are cut off from the container. As a result, it will be possible to obtain a cylinder, which is half filled with bricks installed on the edge.
The grate should be laid on top. The remaining half of the barrel should be 2/3 filled with stones. The design should be supplemented with a chimney and a cover should be installed on the stove. This technology is quite simple, but the design is not easy to use. If a metal furnace for a bath with your own hands is being carried out, then for workyou can use sheet steel, which will also form the basis of the stove body.
The inner surface of the structure must be lined with bricks. Whichever version you choose, you should prepare some materials, among them:
- sheet steel;
- 10mm rod;
- heck;
- pipes;
- metal pipe;
- grid;
- water faucet.
Steel sheet must be 8 mm thick or more. As for the metal pipe, the thickness of its walls should be 10 mm, while the diameter can vary from 50 to 60 cm. For the combustion chamber, you will need not only hecks, but also doors.
When preparing the pipe, you must take care of the presence of a 90-cm segment that will go to the firebox. For the tank you will need a 60 cm piece, while a 50 cm pipe will go to secondary parts. When wood-fired sauna stoves are made, quite often the doors are made independently. As for the tools, a welding machine and an angle grinder should be prepared for work.
Making a stove with a closed heater
If you need a stove with a closed heater, then you must be prepared for the fact that you will need to open the door to supply steam. This design is made using the following technology. In a large piece of pipe, the diameter of which is 50 cm or more, it is necessary to make an opening for the blower. Its size should be equal to 5x20 cm. Inside, you need to weld a mount forgrate installation. To do this, you can use a metal plate with lugs.
Now you can start work on arranging the firebox. For it, a hole is cut with dimensions that are equal to 25x20 cm. For the rods of the heater, it is necessary to weld fasteners. In order to make a grate, you can use centimeter rods, but some home craftsmen prefer to purchase this element of the furnace.
On the opposite wall, a hole should be cut through which steam will flow. The heater is filled with stones that are suitable for this design. It is best to choose diabase or soapstone, but it is worth abandoning silicon, mica-containing stones and granite. A hole must be made in the cover for the chimney pipe, installing it in the next step.
Using this technology, you can make wood-fired sauna stoves. Additionally, the design can be improved, for this you can use a hot water tank. To do this, a pipe segment of an impressive diameter is prepared, into which a crane must be welded. A lid should be prepared for the water tank. It needs to be cut into two parts, in one of them an opening for the chimney is cut out, this part will need to be welded on top of the tank. The second part of the cover will be removable; for convenience, a handle and hinges must be welded to its surface.
Making a metal stove with an open heater
If you manage to prepare a drawing of a furnace for a metal bath, it will greatly simplify the work. As an alternative solution, you can usescheme presented in the article. Before starting the assembly of the structure, you should familiarize yourself with another technology that involves the manufacture of a stove with an open heater. If there is a metal sheet available, then it will be quite simple to build the unit.
The design will look like a pipe, which should be divided into two sections by a grate. The upper part will become a firebox, while the lower part will serve as an ash pan for the blower. The compartments need to be supplemented with doors through which it will be possible to lay firewood and provide air supply, as well as remove combustion products.
In the far end of the pipe, it is necessary to install a chimney pipe, the diameter of which will be 100 mm. A metal box filled with stones must be welded on top of the body. With a chimney elbow, you can ensure that the stones are heated, because the contact surface will become larger.
If you are thinking about how to make a metal stove for a bath, then the design can be made in the form of a parallelepiped. In this case, sheets of metal should be prepared, not a pipe. For such equipment you will need a hot water tank. In a rectangular oven, the tank can be placed in one of several ways. It is sometimes placed on any side, fixed on top, pipes are cut into the supply and intake of water, and a shirt is made on several sides. In order to achieve the most convenient way to get hot water, you can install a heat exchange tank, which should be located on the chimney pipe.
Water heater can be madeindependently or purchased in a store, in the latter case, the design will be supplemented with a pipe of standard sizes. In this case, the chimney will need to be cut into the tank, and the vertical part should be placed above the furnace body. With enough water, the tank will act as a reservoir or act as a heat exchanger that can be connected to the tank.
Making an open oven with brick walls
Quite often, home craftsmen make a metal stove for a bath lined with bricks. In this case, the construction will have an open type. The equipment is quite complex in execution, but it will have an excellent ability to accumulate heat. The structure will have a metal body with brickwork inside.
Requirements for the thickness of the metal in this case should be reduced, you can use a 2-mm sheet. For masonry, refractory fireclay bricks should be purchased. The material is laid on the finished mixture, which is intended for furnace work. The kneading is carried out taking into account the requirements of the instructions.
Before you make a metal stove for a bath, you need to prepare the base. Legs and heels are welded to it, which will make the structure more stable. On this base it is necessary to lay a solid brick row. For other types near the firebox, it is necessary to lay half a brick, while in the area of \u200b\u200bthe chimney channels it is worth using a quarter of a brick.
As soon as the blower chamber is ready, you can proceed to the installation of the cast-iron grate. It must be placed betweenash pan and furnace. In order to decorate the openings of the loading window and the blower, you should use square metal corners with a side of 20 mm. It is important to ensure that the seams between the rows are as even as possible.
A metal grate of rods must be laid above the combustion chamber. The diameter of the rods can be equal to 12 mm. As soon as you reach the level of the heater, an opening should be left and right. You will load stones into it, clean and get them. It will be possible to splash water into this window during the procedures to get steam.
Recommendations for work
Having considered the schemes of metal stoves for a bath, you can take the design described in this section as a basis. In it, the chimney channel is better to make tortuous. This will contribute to the maximum heating of the hull and combustion of fuel. In the place where the pipe will turn up, an inspection window should be created. It should have a valve that will keep warm after the completion of the furnace process.
The upper rows of bricks should be made solid, leaving an opening for installing the chimney. Once the brickwork is completed, the mortar should be left to set. Then you can begin to cook the walls of the metal case. In this case, it will resemble a case. At the joints, a square section with the above dimensions should be put in, which will facilitate welding work. It is important to ensure the tightness of the seams.
When the front wall is made, do not forget to cut openings in itfor the loading chamber and ash pan. The front wall is then installed in its place, the door hinges will need to be welded in the next step. If you want to make the doors yourself, then their width should be 10 mm larger on each side compared to the openings. This will ensure tightness. Additionally, you can use for this asbestos sealant, which is laid around the perimeter of the door or along the inner surface.
Additional expert advice
You can also make metal stoves for baths. If you decide to use the described technology, then in the side wall you need to make an opening for a window for the formation of steam. The metal door must be installed with sealing material. It is desirable to make it open down. A hole for the chimney pipe is cut out on the lid, and after that the lid can be welded into place. Once the chimney channel is installed, it should be boiled around the perimeter. The metal furnace in the next step can be replaced and filled with stones.
Features of installing a metal furnace
The dimensions of the metal furnace for the bath will be determined by the pipe or barrel, which will form the basis of the design. However, for the correct and safe operation of heating equipment, it is important not only to follow the assembly technology, but also to ensure that the rules for installing the structure are taken into account.
The sauna stove must be 1 m or more away from the walls. The structure should be located close to the chimney. It is important to place the structureon a special stand or foundation made of refractory materials. The walls of the steam room, near which the stove will be located, must be finished with refractory sheet material.
Conclusion
By preparing a drawing of a furnace for a metal bath, you will make your work easier. However, the scheme does not ensure success. When working on welding parts, it is important to make sure that the seams are tight, otherwise the design may be dangerous during operation. If you want to avoid mistakes, you should study the device in more detail.
Metal sauna stoves are usually made of pipes or sheet steel. The first option will be easier, because the amount of welding work can be reduced. There are several other ways to facilitate the assembly of the furnace. For example, by buying ready-made doors, grating, handles and awnings. Some home craftsmen try to make these items on their own. In addition, there is no need to draw up a drawing yourself, you can use ready-made solutions. Some options are presented in the article. They will allow you to understand what dimensions the oven should have, as well as what device it has.
