Many residents of city apartments dream of moving to their own country house, living in clean air and in silence. Here's a dream come true - a house is built or purchased. And the owner faces the most difficult and important task: how to heat it. This issue is especially relevant for those who have chosen their future home as the place of their permanent year-round residence. You can't heat the house. In cold weather, it will be impossible to live in it, and the walls can quickly collapse.
Existing heating
In the modern world, it is no longer customary to heat a house with a stove with wood or coal. To do this, there are the latest technologies that allow you to maintain the same comfort as in a city apartment. Currently, the most popular is the installation of a gas boiler. But far from all settlements, and especially suburban holiday villages, are gasified. Supplying gas to the house from the main will require serious material costs, which not every owner of his own house or cottagecan afford.
The same can be said about boilers powered by electricity. Such equipment has good properties: high efficiency, ease of adjustment and the presence of automation. But all the great features will be shattered by the cost of a kilowatt of electricity consumed.
Heating equipment
There is a worthy alternative for those who want to heat their home constantly - long-burning boilers using solid fuel. This is a great replacement for stoves that run on wood, laid every couple of hours. The structure of such boilers for long burning on wood, the physical and chemical properties of solid fuels make it possible to replenish fuel supplies approximately once every 12-15 hours. This greatly simplifies life and eliminates the need to constantly monitor heating. In some of the most modern models of solid fuel boilers for long burning, this period increases to several days. In addition, the specified equipment allows the use, in addition to firewood, other types of fuel. It remains only to equip the water heating system inside the house and install the required number of radiators.
Selection Options
When choosing a heater, you can not rely only on its appearance. Many parameters of long-burning boilers should be taken into account.
- Work on different fuels: firewood, peat, sawdust, straw. The choice of equipment depends on the type of fuel consumed.
- Boilers are differentpower. It is important to choose the right one so that it can heat the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe room.
- One of the main indicators when choosing a long-burning boiler for wood or another type of fuel is the volume of the combustion chamber. It determines how often you have to load fuel.
- Automatics will help to significantly simplify the maintenance of the boiler. With it, you will not have to watch the equipment all the time.
- When choosing a boiler, it should be noted the need for an alarm and an auto-off function. These are the main elements that ensure the safety of residents during the operation of a long-burning boiler.
- Many equipment runs on electricity only. Therefore, if there are interruptions with it, you should choose a boiler that performs heating autonomously, without connecting to the network.
- When choosing solid fuel boilers for long burning, you should pay attention to the operating time on one load. Modern equipment is allowed to load fuel every few days. It is unlikely that someone will like to monitor the fuel every few hours.
- Long burning boilers for the home should be the easiest to operate and maintain. After all, it must be constantly freed from combustion products, laying a new portion of fuel.
- When purchasing this equipment, you should pay attention to its cost. Cheap doesn't mean good. The lower the price, the lower the specifications.
Working principle
Pyrolysis is the principle of long-burning solid fuel boilers. Anysubstances decompose when exposed to temperature and a minimum amount of oxygen. Simply put, wood in the firebox smolders, not burns. During this process, pyrolysis gas is released. It also burns in an additional furnace under the influence of a certain amount of oxygen. On this principle, first of all, the operation of a long-burning pyrolysis boiler is built.
Design of boilers
Practically all long-burning boilers consist of two chambers. One chamber serves to smolder firewood in it. And the second burns pyrolysis gas. Heat is released from both furnaces. Due to such a device, the efficiency is approximately 85%. It can be increased or decreased by adjusting the operating mode of the boiler, that is, by adjusting the oxygen supply.
Internal Unit
Boilers are arranged in different ways. They can be rectangular or round. The location of the fireboxes can be one above the other or on the same horizontal plane. The ignition zone is also located in different places: above or below the fuel tab. Oxygen supply can be carried out both from the side and from below.
Types of boilers by purpose
There can be one or two combustion chambers in long-burning boilers. According to this feature, they are called so: single-circuit and double-circuit. The first are intended only for heating the room. This happens due to the presence of one heat exchanger that heats the water, which subsequently circulates through the heating circuit. Dual circuit is differentthe presence of another (additional) heat exchanger, which is used for hot water supply. It's called the serpentine. Connects to the water supply and eliminates the need to purchase a boiler. Hot water for domestic needs will be provided to them.
Material of production
Long-burning fuel-fired boilers are made of cast iron or steel. Cast iron provides high corrosion resistance, reliability and long service life. It retains heat for a long time, cooling slowly. Its disadvantage is that it is too heavy. And the price of long-burning boilers made of such material is high. A good alternative to cast iron can be a steel boiler. True, you will have to protect it from rust and get used to the rapid loss of heat. But such a small unit is much easier to deliver and install. Between these boilers there is a difference not only in the metal of manufacture, but also in the design. The steel one placed the heating system inside, and the cast iron one - at the water supply to the boiler.
Method of fuel combustion
On this basis, pyrolysis and classic boilers can be distinguished. The second ones consist of one chamber, and the pyrolysis ones - of two. Located one above the other and connected by a nozzle. Fuel is placed in the upper chamber, where it burns with a minimum supply of oxygen, releasing gas that burns in the second chamber. This system provides additional heating. In addition, pyrolysis boilers are more beneficial in terms of ecology and the need for cleaning, which needs to be done much less frequently than classic boilers.
Air supply method
On this basis, boilers are distinguished with additional traction (volatile) and without it (non-volatile). The first has a fan that directs air into the combustion chamber. Secondly, there is no such device. Air enters by itself.
Fuel loading method
More modern models of long-burning boilers, the price of which is higher, are equipped with automatic fuel supply. It is enough to load it into a special bunker, and the automation will independently feed it into the combustion chamber. Thus, the operation of the boiler will be autonomous for several days. In conventional devices, fuel must be loaded constantly as it burns, that is, once every few hours.
Water circuit
A long-burning solid fuel boiler with a water circuit is able not only to heat the room, but also to provide residents with hot water for household and hygienic needs. A boiler is added to a conventional device, which is a modern technological solution. The higher cost of such a unit, compared to a conventional boiler, should be taken into account. But the functionality of a long-burning boiler with a water circuit, durable high-quality manufacturing material will not make you regret your purchase.
Positive reviews
Before buying any product or choosing a service, you should take the time to read the existing reviews. Especially when it comes to acquiring for a long time and such a functional device as a water boiler.prolonged burning. It, with the right choice, can greatly simplify the life of the owner of residential real estate. Inattention when buying, on the contrary, can lead to additional waste of time, effort and money for its maintenance.
The opinions of buyers agree that such boilers are very economical and can be used for a long time. In addition, today's market represents a large number of models, distinguishable both in their functions and in price. The latter is not prohibitive and is available to almost every home owner. Reliability, the ability to work without connecting to gas or electricity are other important factors that add a positive opinion to the piggy bank of a solid fuel long-burning boiler with a water circuit. The fuel used for the device (coal, firewood, peat) is also available to consumers at a cost.
Negative opinion
Boilers also have disadvantages. They are worth knowing before deciding to purchase equipment. So, fuel is required, for example, firewood for long-burning boilers, and a sufficient amount is needed. Before buying, you should think about where to arrange a place to store fuel and the location of the unit itself. In small rooms, such a question can turn into a whole problem. In addition, firewood, peat, sawdust need pre-drying.
In such boilers there is another significant disadvantage - the temperature for hot water supply is not regulated. It may also seem inconvenient that the fuel is necessarydeposit periodically. In the least modern and cheap models, this will need to be done every few hours. That is, leaving the boiler unattended, the tenants run the risk of returning to a cold house. Automation to eliminate this shortcoming has not yet been created.
It is not easy to install the boiler yourself, as certain difficulties arise. Almost everyone who buys it turns to professionals for help. Few people know that installation on a wooden floor is prohibited. If the coating is made of wood, a non-combustible stand must be made at the installation site. There are also some more installation rules. The equipment must be raised at least 25 cm from the floor. Heating pipes must be installed as firmly as possible to avoid leakage.
Overview of the best boiler models
There are a lot of long burning solid fuel boilers. Among the models on the market, it is important to choose the option that is most suitable for its technical characteristics and cost.
So, the Stropuva S 40 boiler, which runs on fuels such as wood, coal, wood briquettes, rightfully occupies the leading position. A Lithuanian-Russian company is engaged in production, producing boilers with the highest efficiency (95%). The large volume of the combustion chamber (320 cubic meters) allows you to load 50 kg of fuel. Uninterrupted work can be carried out for 130 hours, that is, more than five days. Such a boiler is capable of heating a room of 400 square meters. They are produced only single-circuit and are used for heating.
The second place in the ranking of water boilers for long burning on wood and other fuels belongs to Zota Pellet 25, working on wood pellets. They are produced by a Russian company. For the convenience of users, the boilers are equipped with a liquid crystal display showing all the necessary information: operation status, settings, errors. The built-in automatic system controls and manages the boiler and all secondary devices. Several circulation pumps of the heating system and underfloor heating can be connected to it. The efficiency of this boiler is slightly lower than the previous one (90%), space heating is provided for up to 250 square meters. The boiler can operate in uninterrupted mode up to 50 hours, a little more than two days.
The third place is rightfully occupied by German-made equipment - Buderus Logano G221-20. Like everything that is made in Germany, this equipment is highly reliable and stable, meeting European quality standards. True, the boiler does not provide for automatic fuel loading, but this disadvantage is more than offset by high efficiency (90%) and power up to 20 kW. The heat exchanger is made of cast iron, which is known to have a higher heat transfer coefficient than steel. Thus, heating occurs in a short time. Acceptable fuel for such a boiler: wood, coal, coke.
The fourth place in the ranking is given to a Slovak-made cast-iron boiler - Protherm Bober 50 DLO. It belongs to him by right, as the boiler has excellent characteristics: high efficiency (90%) andpower up to 40 kW, which allows you to heat a room up to 260 square meters. To prevent the loss of a large amount of heat, inorganic wool is used as an insulating material, laid between the firebox and the body.
Domestic manufacturers are not far behind foreign ones and also offer consumers good equipment at a reasonable price. The fifth place belongs to just such a boiler - Teplodar Kupper OK30. Its efficiency is not as high as the previous ones - 84%. But the power of 39 kW alleviates this drawback, allowing only 20 minutes to be spent on heating water to operating temperature. In addition, the boiler is able to heat a room up to 300 square meters. Both wood, coal, and gas with electricity can be used as fuel. Such versatility ensures that the equipment has its place in the top five market leaders.
Ranking by value
The price of heating equipment is an important component of consumer choice. Many simply do not have enough money to afford the most expensive boiler. This does not mean that it is impossible to find a boiler with good technical characteristics for a lower price.
For example, the long-burning boiler Siberia-Gefest KBO 20 TE is quite capable of heating a house of 200 square meters. It is reliable in use, weighs little, and is able to work stably. However, it is not made of the best insulating material. Approximately the same can be said about the boiler "Mozyr KST 2, 5" of the Belarusian manufacturer and the Russian one - "EVAN WARMOS TT-25K".
