Modern washing machines are a complex symbiosis of the mechanical part and the electronic control unit. This circumstance confuses the owner when the unit begins to behave inappropriately. Diagnosing and repairing washing machines is not cheap, but most problems can be fixed on your own.
Repair safety
The environment in which the washing machine is operated is particularly dangerous in terms of the possibility of electric shock. As a rule, washing takes place in a room with high humidity, where there is often water on the floor. Therefore, before starting the diagnosis and repair of a washing machine at home, it is necessary to de-energize not only it, but also the room where it is located. To do this, turn off the supply in the switchboard, then check the absence of a phase and only then remove the cord from the outlet.
If you need to power up again during the repair process"washer", then this is done in the reverse order: the cord is plugged into the outlet, then the connection is made in the shield. You should check the performance while on a rubber mat.
Diagnosis of washing machine malfunctions
Washing machine rarely breaks down suddenly. As a rule, before the onset of a serious breakdown, deviations from normal functioning occur. They can be expressed in improper operation of washing modes, increased vibration, uncharacteristic knocks. Repair experience shows that certain signs are inherent in each malfunction:
- Small tapping, accompanied by a slight vibration, indicate a possible failure of the bearings of the motor shaft or drum. More accurate diagnostics of the washing machine and repair are possible after partial disassembly. Replacing the bearings of these units is difficult at home, as it requires new parts to be pressed in.
- Squeaking sound, drum rotation is uneven, jerks occur during spinning. The cause is a stretched drive belt. Replacement cost is low.
- Unpleasant grinding against metal that occurs with a certain frequency. The reason is the penetration through the opening of the drum of a long thin object, such as bones from a bra. Rotating between the drum and the tank, it creates a rattle and can damage the heating element. Elimination of such a malfunction requires disassembly with mandatory dismantling and inspection of the heating element.
- Slight increase in operating noise. For the firstlook, nothing terrible is happening - the sound has become a little louder, but this may hide the wear of the plastic supports of the suspension system. This is especially true for the Ariston washing machine. Diagnostics and repair of plastic liners will save more expensive shock absorbers.
- The machine stops working after a short shaking. Some washing machines have imbalance sensors. When this system fails, it automatically shuts off at the moment of strong vibration.
- Stop operation in the middle of a wash cycle. It is possible to start only after de-energizing and re-enabling. Often accompanied by clicks and buzzing. Such a malfunction may indicate incorrect operation of some sensors. For example, a high water level due to a clogged filter can pause the wash cycle. In such cases, it seems that the automation has broken down, but it is worth restoring the normal operation of the sensors, and the work cycle resumes. Diagnostics and repair of the washing machine control unit are extremely rare.
Leak problems
Leaks that occur during operation can also be classified by type of malfunction:
- Centered in the front of the car. This indicates a leak in the rubber gasket between the door and the body. Repair is simple - comes down to replacing the seal.
- Leaking in the center at the back indicates wear on the tank seal. There is a lot of work to be done ondisassembly and replacement of not only the seal, but often the bearing.
- Indefinite leakage from the bottom of the machine indicates a broken hydraulic system. These may be pipe connections that have lost their elasticity due to calcination.
Problems due to non-compliance with scheduled maintenance
Many owners of washing machines do not even realize that their unit requires scheduled maintenance. If the "washer" has worked for 5-10 years, then this is already considered the standard of reliability. And if it is still regularly serviced? Then the service life will increase significantly.
Maintenance comes down to periodic cleaning and replacement of the water filter. He hides at the bottom of the machine, behind the service panel.
Hooking the plastic shutter with a thin object, you can find the filter. If it has not been removed for several years, then most likely it will not be possible to remove it from the outside due to the abundance of scale on the walls of the case. Nevertheless, the hydraulic system must be constantly cleaned. You can remove the filter from the inside, reaching it from the side of the pump. Often it is clogged with hairballs and wool. Small coins may fall through the holes in the drum. If the pump fails to drain the water, then the diagnosis and repair of the washing machine comes down to removing the filter, flushing the system and eliminating calcium deposits.
How to repair
Tools for diagnosing and repairing washing machines are not much different from the usual set of home masters. In order not to experience difficulties with disassembly, you need to acquirewith the following accessories:
- Cross and flathead screwdrivers in different sizes.
- Regular pliers and round nose pliers with an elongated nose.
- Pliers for removing clamps. They will be needed to disconnect the hydraulic system pipes.
- Diode lamp. It is better if it is mounted on the head, then both hands will remain free.
- Phase indicator or multimeter.
- Medical tweezers. During disassembly, small parts can get into hard-to-reach places. In addition, it is convenient to remove foreign objects with tweezers that block the operation of the pump and drum.
- Set of wrenches from 5 to 19 mm. The use of an adjustable wrench is undesirable - it has a large thickness, which is inconvenient when working with small fasteners.
- Plastic mount. It can be replaced with a hardwood spatula. You will need it to separate the body panels.
- Magnet. Many small fasteners can be attached to it to avoid loss.
Prevention
The most effective way to deal with unexpected failure is through preventive measures and timely maintenance. These include adjusting the position of the washing machine. To do this, the vertical surface is set strictly according to the level, which will help maintain the balancing system.
To reduce deposits on the heating element and on the walls of the nozzles, sometimes it is necessary to add descaling powders, clean or change the filter in a timely manner. These simple methods will helpsignificantly extend the life of the washing machine.
