Waterproofing the floor in the bathroom must be carried out due to the fact that the construction work in this room is the most difficult. High humidity is almost constantly maintained in it and a large number of engineering systems are located. A container filled with water in this room puts additional stress on the flooring, which can lead to deformation of the floors.
Classification of bathroom floor waterproofing materials
Their range is quite wide. Despite this, the main differences between them are the difference in names and manufacturer.
According to the manufacturing technology and application, all materials under consideration are divided into the following types:
- Rolled (pasting). Production is carried out from modified bitumen withoutburner applications. The base of the rolls is made of non-woven materials. They are characterized by a small extensibility, resistance to ultraviolet rays and temperature extremes. Compared to the previous rolls of glassine and natural bitumen, the technology has improved significantly. Sealing a bathroom with a shower located in it occurs in a fairly short period of time. As the most popular cladding material, ceramic tiles can be laid on the same day as bathroom floor waterproofing.
- Painting (coating). These include similar materials that have a liquid or thick consistency, produced with the introduction of mainly polymers into them, due to which mechanical stability, plasticity and tightness are ensured. Can be applied to the surface with a spatula, roller or brush. These include materials based on bitumen, but they have worse performance characteristics compared to polymer ones. Although for consumers with low incomes, the latter are more preferable.
- Filled (plaster). Has a universal application. It is produced by adding polymeric additives to cement mortars, which form a hydrobarrier during solidification. Subdivided into one- and two-component. Reliability and quality are high, as, in fact, the price of waterproofing the floor in the bathroom with this material. It takes at least a day to solidify (depending on the thickness of the fill and the incoming additives).
In addition, roofing material, roofing felt and mix of soil with bentonite andliquid glass. The first of these materials have poor environmental and safety performance.
The final price of the work is determined not only by the cost of the material, but also by the labor intensity.
Choice of waterproofing material
The choice must be made, taking into account the possibility of waterproofing the floor in the bathroom under the tile. If a factory concrete floor slab is used in this room, the selection of material must be carried out based on its condition. With its flat surface, without the presence of cracks, the screed under the tile is not made. In this regard, you can use rolled waterproofing. It is also used for dry concrete screed. In addition to them, dry coating materials are used. This is due to the fact that in such screeds there are many voids that are quite difficult to fill with a liquid agent. They are arranged to reduce the mass of the floor, reduce the cost of construction work and speed it up.
Poured concrete can be used in bathrooms, although other substrates are better.
Waterproofing the wooden floor in the bathroom can be done with roll materials or liquid mastic, which do not contain water.
Any insulating materials can be used under OSB boards, except for the latter.
Finishing the floor in the bathroom is traditionally done with ceramic tiles.
Insulation against moisture of floors in the bathroom from OSB panels
Usedmoisture-resistant panels laid in an even layer using a building level, taking into account the requirements of the relevant SNiPs. If there are gaps between the panels, they are filled with a plastic sealant, tightly adhering to the edges, applied to the entire thickness of the plates.
First, the OSB panels are cleaned with a broom or broom from dust, paying attention to the corners. Next, stir the mastic to a homogeneous state (at least 3 minutes). When mixing manually, it is carried out in several passes.
In order to improve adhesion, the boards are coated with a primer or mastic, brought to a liquid consistency and prepared in a ratio of 1:4 with a solvent. They are applied from the wall opposite the entrance to the room. Corners should be primed with a brush.
Next, the joints of the floor and wall are sealed. For a wooden house, these are the most critical places, since high humidity here will lead to the appearance of fungus. If you do not notice it in time, you will have to carry out a complex of complex repair work. Sealing is carried out with a wide sickle, covered with mastic, at least three times. You can also use a special tape, which can be purchased at construction stores.
Sealing corners
Pieces of the required length are cut from the tape. Waterproofing of one wall can be carried out not only in one, but also in several segments.
The floor and wall are smeared with mastic, the height of the strip should exceed the width of the tape by 2-3 cm. The same action is performed in relation to one of the sides of the tape, after which it is pressed by hand to the surfacesalong the entire length.
The corner is leveled with a narrow spatula, while the side surfaces of the tape should be pressed as tightly as possible.
From the outside, the glued tape is covered with a layer of waterproofing.
Continue waterproofing OSB panels
A serpyanka is glued onto the seams between the plates, which has self-adhesive as one of the sides. In this case, you need to ensure that the mesh is placed in the center of the seam.
A layer of mastic is applied to the stove. There will be voids on the sickle at the junction of the floor and the wall. The second layer of mastic will eliminate them.
The currently used mastics with polymers are characterized by high performance properties. They are practically not erased, you can move on them without any fear. Therefore, without screeding, after waterproofing the floor in the bathroom under the tiles, you can immediately start laying it.
Liquid and paste insulating coatings
The mixture of these materials is already ready for use after purchase. Liquid waterproofing of the floor in the bathroom is performed using a masonry or wide brushes. If the mixture has the consistency of plasticine, then they are distributed over the surface with a spatula with teeth.
Liquid mastics, the base material of which is bitumen, are applied in two layers perpendicular to each other. The total coating thickness should be about 1-1.5mm.
A screed is made over the liquid insulation.
Paste-like mastics can be made in 1-2 layers, and the thicknesseach increases in minimum terms up to 3 mm. When using it, the screed may not be performed. The coating is reinforced with a reinforcing PVC mesh.
After applying each layer, you need to take a break for drying, which is determined in the corresponding instructions.
Preparation for waterproofing wood flooring
It includes, first of all, a preliminary inspection of these structures. Waterproofing the wooden floor in the bathroom provides for the application of antibacterial impregnation. If it is absent, the wood will quickly lose its properties, be affected by fungus or rot.
In old houses, you need to make sure that the structures related to the load-bearing remain intact. If problem areas are found, they must be replaced. Thus, the waterproofing of the bathroom floor in a wooden house should be carried out with a mandatory audit, which will save money from future repairs.
It is necessary to calculate the amount of material and tools needed and strictly follow the instructions from the manufacturer. If there is any doubt about the sufficiency, it is better to increase the number of layers, which will increase the tightness and minimize the negative consequences of errors in the application technology.
The concept and preparation of bulk waterproofing
It belongs to a new generation of materials that provide good protection of wooden structures from moisture. Bulk waterproofing is a rather expensive product, however, subject to the application technology, it is providedalmost 100% leak proof.
Preparation is to test the reliability of wooden structures. If there are vibrations of the boards, they must be eliminated. If it is impossible to carry out such an action, waterproofing the floor in the bathroom must be performed with another material, for example, rolled. If everything is in order, the surface of the boards is cleaned of dust (preferably with a vacuum cleaner). The cracks between the boards passing through are sealed with sealant.
The surface of the boards is primed. Fluids for such operations must be of high quality, as they must penetrate a considerable depth into the lumber and provide it with moisture protection and adhesion to the pour.
The primer is applied with a brush in the corners, and with a roller over the rest of the surface.
The tape is glued around the entire perimeter. This action can be carried out using special mastics.
When preparing the composition of the bulk waterproofing, you must follow the manufacturer's recommendations. Water is poured into any wide container, into which the dry mixture is poured. When using a mixer for mixing, the ingredients are combined in 2 steps. Between the first and second repetition, a break is made for 10-15 minutes to ensure the release of air bubbles and start the polymerization reactions. At the second mixing speed of the mixer is reduced.
The finished composition is poured onto the floor. It must be distributed as evenly as possible over the entire area. The size of the initial bay should be such that you can reach the area with your hand in order to level it.
Wideuse a spatula with a comb to level the surface, while the solution should be distributed as evenly as possible.
A day after this operation, you can start laying tiles. Waterproofing a wooden floor in a tile bathroom using this material has the potential to create deflections that can develop cracks. As a rule, this is not critical, and the possibility of water appearing in these narrow places is very small.
Using roll materials on the floor
For wooden floors, this is ideal. The surface is ready for laying ceramic tiles in a matter of hours.
As with other methods, the surface must first be prepared by dry cleaning.
For impregnation, mastics are applied to the base. Corners are treated with a brush, the rest of the area is treated with a roller. It is recommended to use bituminous emulsion primers, as they do not emit harmful substances into the atmosphere, and have higher adhesion properties. In this case, the walls of the bathroom must be smeared to a height of 10 cm.
After it dries, start laying the waterproofing. The moment of beginning is determined by applying a rag to the base - if there are no traces of mastic on it, then you can proceed to the main work. The waterproofing membrane is laid after the preparation of the base.
Bitumen self-adhesive material is rolled along the wall. He needs time to track, during which theleveling waterproofing. Then, using a mounting knife, remove the excess.
After that, the roll is rolled up from two opposite sides towards each other. Start with the outermost wall. When gluing a roll on one side, there is a high probability that it will be laid at some angle. This will lead to the formation of folds, which will either have to remain, or the work will have to be redone. The appearance of the first can lead to leaks. Since it will be impossible to do the leveling in the process of further waterproofing the floor in the bathroom with your own hands, problems will also appear with subsequent pieces of material.
There is a protective film on the roll, which is cut in such a way as not to make through holes on it. After that, she is taken with her hands and pulled towards herself, which will lead to the unwinding of the roll, laying the adhesive side on the floor base.
This operation is performed on both sides. The roll is additionally rolled with a rubber roller, which allows you to remove air pockets, as well as increase adhesion between materials.
When rolling out, the width of the side overlap should be at least 10, and the end overlap should be 15 cm. The second roll, located in the middle, is cut off at the end and side at the same distance. The sealing of the overlap is increased by processing with bituminous mastics or a primer and rolled with force by rollers.
Using roll waterproofing in a vertical plane
Finishlaying on the floor should be replaced by the beginning of that on the wall. The height to which the sealing will be carried out is selected individually. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the zero mark of the tiles on the floor. If the latter is laid before finishing the walls, it is better to increase the height of the waterproofing placed on the wall.
For laying, pieces of a roll are prepared, having a width of 20 cm or more. Half of them go to the overlap, and half to the wall.
On a flat area, the material is bent along the appropriate line at the junction of the vertical and horizontal surfaces.
The width of the overlap and the lower part of the wall are smeared with mastic. A section of the roll is applied to the surfaces and pressed with a roller. The membrane must be fixed in position without moving.
Waterproofing the floor under the bathroom, if there are pipes there, is carried out by laying an additional layer of material. Patches are cut out, the floor around them is smeared with mastic and this component is glued to it. You can use liquid waterproofing.
After that, you can start laying tiles on the floor.
Heat floor insulation
The main function, like any other similar operation, is protection against high humidity. In addition, the waterproofing of the heated floor in the bathroom acts as an anti-corrosion barrier for the pipes and mats of the heating system. Here you can use:
- coatings;
- roll materials;
- their combination (mastic treatment is carried out by overlapping pasting waterproofing).
Also can be usedliquid based material. In any case, a cement-sand screed is used here.
In conclusion
The need to waterproof the floor in the bathroom is due to the fact that you need to protect the floor from the effects of leaking water, which can cause a lot of trouble for the owner of the room. This may be due not only to the fact that it will be necessary to carry out repairs to your apartment, but you can flood your neighbors, and then they will have to pay for the implementation of this operation. In addition, the hydrobarrier prevents the formation of various fungi and, above all, harmful mold, as well as the reproduction of other pathogenic microflora. The main materials used for waterproofing the floor in the bathroom are rolled, pasted and plastered. Liquid products are also used, the main of which is the bulk variety today.
