Before the onset of cold weather, many owners of suburban real estate are beginning to think about how to make the house warmer. This can be achieved in various ways, thanks to which heat loss is minimized. If it is not possible to use natural gas from the central highway, you can resort to alternative sources of heating. One of these devices is a furnace with a water circuit. You can make it yourself.
Among the main advantages of this design should be highlighted:
- very high performance;
- fuel availability;
- not dependent on electricity.
The cost of the heating device will be lower than other devices. If you use improvised materials in the manufacture of the furnace, then the price can be minimized. Fuel for such a design can be very different, namely:
- firewood;
- coal; peat;
- vegetable waste.
The equipment operates using the natural circulation of the coolant. The device is not tied to electricity, so there is no need to supplyelectricity. But one of the main advantages is that you can make such a device yourself. It will cost much less than the factory model.
In addition, the device can be made lighter than equipment made in a streaming production. Sometimes this eliminates the need to install a more complex foundation. This not only reduces labor intensity, but also cash costs. Sometimes the last factor is one of the main ones for craftsmen who decide whether to visit a store to purchase a heater or do the work on their own. In the latter case, you can use materials that can be found in any barn.
Production features: choice of shape and design features
A factory water circuit oven is quite expensive. Options for its manufacture can be considered in more detail in order to cope with the work on their own. A rather important step is the choice of form. If the potbelly stove will have the shape of a cylinder, then it may be based on a pipe or a metal barrel. When the product is in the shape of a rectangle or square, 5mm steel sheet is usually used to make it.
The design should provide for two zones, the first is the area for the output of combustion products, while the second is the furnace zone. If you plan to use private firewood for heating with a water circuit for heating, the diameter of which will be quite impressive, you need to make a hole in the furnace area, the cross section of which will be 40x40cm or more.
When small pieces of wood or coal act as fuel, the size of the furnace holes is reduced by half. Smoke extraction can be provided at the rear of the firebox. In this case, during installation, it is necessary to provide for the angle of inclination of the chimney. It should be 30 gr. This is done to ensure good traction. Otherwise, the smoke will not be effectively discharged into the chimney and will enter the room.
The heat capacity of the potbelly stove, if necessary, can be increased by strengthening several ribs on the sides. For this, metal 5 mm plates are used. They are located perpendicular to the plane of the wall. This will increase the heating surface of the heater and increase heat transfer. Some cover the structure with bricks, because such a wall is capable of retaining heat longer. This approach ensures fire safety.
Choice of material and preparation of tools
Before you can make a furnace with a water circuit, you must prepare a pipe. Its diameter should be 300 mm or more. The wall thickness is 5 mm. Metal sheets of the same thickness can be used. To remove smoke, use a pipe with a diameter of 120 mm. The wall thickness should be 3 mm. This thickness of the chimney is explained by the fact that the temperature of the exhaust gases is lower compared to those maintained in the combustion chamber. There is no need to spend money on more powerful designs.
To simplify the operation of the oven, you need to take care of the presence of a boxto collect ash. It is installed in the blower. Among the tools to highlight:
- welding unit;
- metal brush;
- hammer;
- grinder;
- pliers;
- workwear.
Assembly of potbelly stove
The furnace with a water circuit is assembled using a technology that involves connecting the bottom with three walls. The front is not installed. The bottom should be at a height of 30 cm, which will reduce the risk of floor heating. The furnace should be equipped with metal legs that are welded to the base. A prerequisite will be the connection of elements at a right angle. Parts and joints are made by welding machine.
In the partition between the firebox and the blower, several slots are cut to remove the ash. It is necessary to retreat 5 cm from the walls of the potbelly stove. The blower opening should be 3 cm smaller than the blower space. Along the perimeter in the next step, you can weld the front of the structure. Openings for doors are pre-made in it. Canopies are welded on the side of the holes, on which doors for the blower and firebox are installed.
Doors are equipped with latches or bolts. As soon as the welding of the potbelly stove elements is completed, it is necessary to check the seams for defects. When making a stove for a house with a water circuit, in the last step you will need to weld the chimney pipe and the top of the structure.
Water circuit
As one of the mainelements of the heater are the water circuit and the heat exchanger. It is connected to the heating system. Its design can be different, but it is made of hollow steel pipes, as well as sheet steel. Its thickness is 5 mm.
Water circuit provides for:
- expansion tank;
- heat exchanger;
- pipes;
- radiator.
The water circuit system is mounted according to the algorithm, which provides for the installation of radiators. The next step is to connect the pipe. They go to the batteries from the stove. There must be control valves at the inlet and outlet.
After you can proceed to install the expansion tank. This element is required so that the water does not break through the pipes when heated. Excess hot liquid will flow into the tank, from where, when cooled, the coolant will return to the pipeline.
Building a brick oven
Brick oven with water circuit can be made according to your measurements. However, the article considers an example with the following parameters: 1020x1160 mm. The height of the structure is 2380 mm. The dimensions of the heat exchanger are 750x550x350 mm. This part of the device is made of sheet steel and placed in the firebox. The hob will be used exclusively for heating food. The heat transfer of such equipment can be 5.5 kW. This is true if the furnace is carried out 2 times a day. When operating in enhanced mode, the above parameter reaches 18 kW. This isallows you to heat a room up to 200 m22.
Preparation of materials and tools
Before making a stove for a summer house with a water circuit, you need to prepare:
- chamotte brick;
- red brick;
- furnace door;
- blowing door;
- ash pan cleaning door;
- grate;
- cast iron plate;
- furnace valve;
- steel strip;
- corner;
- pre-furnace sheet.
Excluding the chimney, the number of solid red bricks will be 710 pieces. Fireclay refractory bricks of the SHA-8 brand are prepared in the amount of 71 pcs. The dimensions of the furnace door should be 210x250 mm.
Procedure of work
If you need a wood-burning stove with a water circuit, you can build it from bricks. Before starting work, it is necessary to make a heat exchanger. The walls facing the flame must be made of 5 mm steel sheet. The outer walls, which will be subjected to a much lower thermal load, can be made from 3 mm sheets. A 50 mm gap should be left behind for the exit of gases from the firebox.
Using 40mm seamless steel pipe, you can make the heat exchanger outlet. The product is welded at the top point. The other outlet is made from the same pipe, which is installed at the lowest point of the heat exchanger.
Masonry order
Oven with water circuitfor heating the house can be made of bricks. Before starting masonry, it is necessary to build a foundation. The first row will be solid. It is important to maintain horizontality and rectangularity. This step uses 36 red bricks.
The formation of the ash chamber begins with the laying of the second row. A door should be installed, the size of which will be 140x250 mm. In this case, 31 whole bricks and one half are involved. The number of bricks in the third row remains the same. When laying the fourth row, a firebox should be formed. This uses 11 fireclay bricks and 21 red ones.
To install grates in fireclay bricks, cutouts must be made. At the stage of formation of the fourth row, a grate is placed in the grooves. Leave a 5mm gap to allow for thermal expansion.
A heat exchanger is installed at the bottom of the firebox. For thermal expansion of the heat exchanger, a 5 mm gap must be left when laying the next row. A space is left behind it, which is connected to a horizontal channel. Two doors are installed in the next step. They will have a square shape and a side of 140 mm.
In the fifth row, 3 fireclay bricks and 14 red ones will be used. When erecting a furnace with a water circuit for heating a house, a horizontal channel is formed in the sixth row. It should be separated, and the hole left in the previous row will increase traction. At this stage, the door is mounted. You should use 15 red bricks and one half. One more fireclay product is involved.
Using the scheme, you should formseventh row. In this case, 15 red and 2 fireclay bricks will be used. You can close the firebox door when laying the eighth row. For this, a strip is used, the dimensions of which are 50x5x400 mm. In this row there will be 6 fireclay and 11 red bricks.
In the ninth row you will be able to release the boiler feed pipe. In the tenth row, the products are released inside, so the space will be narrowed. Cast iron plate should be installed in the eleventh row. A corner should be installed in the area of the opening into the cooking chamber. You can start forming the cooking chamber in the twelfth row. The cast iron hob should be removable. For the entire available width, it is necessary to increase the vertical channel in the 14th row. A square door is installed to clean it.
The front of the cooking chamber should be blocked in the 16th row. For this, a steel strip and a corner are used. The overlapping of the facade of the cooking chamber is completed in the seventeenth row. You can complete the overlap of the cooking chamber in the 19th row. The base of the upper gas ducts can be formed in the 20th row.
Overlapping the oven can be prepared in the 22nd row. The smoke valve is installed and adjusted in place after the completion of the laying of the 24th row. On this construction, a long-burning furnace with a water circuit can be considered completed. The chimney is implemented individually, since this takes into account the overlap and type of house, as well as the truss system.
Building a fireplace stove
When creating a fireplace stove, you will need welding. The hull will have a double jacket. This place is the most difficult, so you canuse one of the two options. The first involves the manufacture of the firebox separately from the entire structure. A coil is inserted into this part. The finished element is then connected to other parts of the device.
The second option involves preparing a structure without a top roof. Inside, at the next stage, the shirt shell is inserted and fixed. Only after that you can install the coil, which is prepared in advance. The second option allows you to change the assembly scheme. First, a coil is installed, and then a shirt. For its inner shell, a thicker sheet of metal is used. This parameter should be 5 mm, since the material will be in the vicinity of an open fire and subjected to high temperatures.
Additional appliances
The fireplace stove with a water circuit can be supplemented with a circulation pump. It is used if the firebox is located slightly above the radiators or at the same level with them. Under such conditions, it is needed for the reason that the system operates according to the laws of physics. Hot water rises to the top, while cold water flows from the bottom. This fluid property is used in natural circulation systems.
If the coil is above the radiators, then the circulation is disturbed, and the water stops moving, while the coil boils. In order to eliminate problems, a pump is installed that increases the efficiency of the fireplace. The equipment is located in the basement or outside the house.
Description of cast iron stove Guca Lava termo
Cast iron stoves with a water circuit are also sufficientpopular. You can buy them in the store. The price of the above model is 49,200 rubles. It is wall-mounted and is capable of heating up to 240 m3 of the room. The heated area is 89 m2. Cast iron is at the heart of the furnace and the firebox itself.
The model provides for the presence of a water circuit. The door has glass. The flue exits from above. Serbian company manufactures wood stoves. One of the universal and powerful is the device that was mentioned above. Among the advantages, the water circuit should be highlighted. With it, you can heat adjacent rooms. This appliance is made of heat-resistant cast iron and boiler steel.
During the production process, the figure casting technique is used. The stove boasts not only high power, but also an efficient design. A wood-burning sauna stove with a water circuit has a heat output of 12 kW. There is no oven and hob in the design. The chimney diameter is 120 mm. The height, width and depth of the structure are 946x493x540 mm, respectively. This equipment weighs 155 kg and is black.
Efficiency reaches 78%. The equipment is universal and can be combined with any style of interior decoration. The device can be used for operation indoors. Heating is provided by transferring thermal energy to the oven walls and door glass.
Construction of waste oil equipment
Without the help of specialists, you will be able to cope with the manufacture of a furnace for testing. The gas cylinder will form the basis. Parts are weldedeach other by arc welding. Among the tools and materials you will need:
- metal sheets;
- pipes;
- welding machine;
- level;
- roulette; drill;
- Bulgarian.
The gas cylinder must have a capacity of 50 liters. The chimney is made up of pipes, the wall thickness of which is equal to the limit from 2 to 3 mm. The burner is also made of pipes. At the first stage, legs must be welded to the furnace body. They can be made from any suitable metal. The length of these elements is limited to 20 to 30 cm. Then you can proceed to the installation of the case. With an angle grinder, you can cut holes that will be 50 cm from the floor.
When making a stove with a long-burning water circuit for a summer residence, you will need to drill holes for the batteries and connect parts of the pipe and equipment. The radiator is usually installed closer to the outlet. For natural ventilation, 5 cm holes should be made, which will be located at the top of the pipe. It is important to provide a waste oil disposal system.
Before you make holes for the battery, you need to take the phone. It is important to foresee the place where the liquid will fall. If the device is installed in a private house, then it may be a drain pit. The operation of the entire system will be assisted by water in the circuit. Without it, the cycle will be broken, and the equipment will malfunction.
When making a working furnace with a water circuit, you will need to install it on a non-combustible surface. Walls all aroundmust be covered with heat-resistant material. There must be no drafts in the place where the device will be installed, as the flame can spread to combustible materials. Keep flammable objects away.
The oil used in the operation of the oven must be purified. When the fire burns intensely, adding oil to the stove is not recommended. Before ignition, make sure that the chamber is 2/3 full. Top up with solvent or gasoline to start the combustion process. Under these conditions, the oil will evaporate. It is not recommended to leave the unit unattended for a long time.
Features of manufacturing a cooking oven
If you want to lay out a stove for a house with a water circuit, then you can start making it from scratch. Another option is to mount the heat exchanger in a folded unit. It can be represented by a stove or a fireplace. The second method seems simpler, but in fact it is more time consuming. Masonry can be done from ceramic red brick. Burnt products should not be used, as well as unburnt ones. You can tell them apart from normal ones by their color.
The former have an almost crimson hue, while the latter are light pink. It is better to lay out the smoke channel from fireclay bricks, as it has a high fire resistance. Long-burning furnaces with a water circuit must have a foundation. To do this, crushed stone, rubble and brick breakage can be laid at the bottom of the pit. The layers are well compacted. The prepared "pie" is poured with cement mortar. Such a surfacecan be used for laying bricks in two layers.
The base must be covered with waterproofing material. For this, not only roofing material is excellent, but also parchment. After the masonry is completed, the foundation rises several centimeters above the floor surface. The main difference between a cooking oven with a water circuit is the presence of a heat exchanger. There is a coil in the firebox, in the chimney and in the cap. In this case, we are talking about non-recourse devices. Most often, installation is carried out in the firebox.
During heating, the walls of the coil expand. To compensate for this process, a gap should be left between the coil and the walls of the firebox. When laying the stove, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of dismantling the stove to clean the register, if this part is clogged with ash or combustion products.
The described heating furnace with a water circuit will have a high efficiency. The same factor causes one trouble: in cold weather, the equipment will work perfectly, warming up the house, but the main problems can arise with the onset of heat. It is impossible to use the device when connected to a water circuit in the warm season.
This is due to the fact that the heating of the coolant in the radiators will be provided with the same intensity. If you turn off the radiator system, this will not save the situation, because the heat exchanger inside the furnace will heat up. From exposure to steam, the oven can simply collapse.
A fireplace stove with a water heating circuit cannot work normally even if it isthe coolant was drained in order to avoid exposure to the steam force on the device. This is due to the fact that the coil will continue to heat up, despite the fact that it will be deprived of coolant. Under the influence of high temperatures, the steel case will burn through.
In conclusion
Many are wondering what is more profitable - a fireplace stove with a water circuit or an autonomous heating system. The fireplace will cost less even if you mess with mounting the shirt. Such equipment can be connected to any heating system, and any part can be replaced if any unit fails.
This device can use any kind of fuel. The equipment is not only functional, but also allows you to decorate the room. The described devices are universal. They fit into any interior style direction.
It is possible to line a stove with a water circuit for a private house with one of the many materials. Automation in such designs is absent. This not only simplifies the system, making it more durable, but also leads some users to abandon such devices in favor of other solutions. After all, the latter can be lit by pressing the button.
