The floor, which was assembled from natural materials, looks stylish and spectacular. It is practical and durable. Therefore, such finishing material as a parquet board is in demand. It has a number of features that need to be considered when laying. Expert advice will help you learn about all the nuances of installation. How parquet is laid will be discussed in detail later.
What is parquet?
Modern parquet laying has a number of features. They are due to the main features of this material. Parquet appeared in 1941. This material has become more resistant to abrasion, other adverse environmental factors, compared to other types of finishes. At the same time, it was distinguished by a very reasonable cost.
Over time, parquet board has been improved. When creating it, innovative technologies are used. However, the material from which it is made remains unchanged. This is wood. It is this fact that makes the parquet board popular for many years. Today, this type of flooring is in trend, as eco-style has become popular.
Laying old parquet a fewdifferent from today's installation techniques. Also, the plates had a two-layer structure. This distinguished the material from other types of finishes. Today, a parquet board is produced, consisting of three layers. This design was first made in 1946. This option turned out to be much more practical. It was released by Tarkett. This manufacturer still does not lose its position in the market. There are also other types of slats.
Varieties
There are several varieties of parquet that are used today in modern construction. First of all, the material is divided according to the configuration of its individual elements. There is a piece parquet, as well as a board. They differ in size. It is also worth noting that the installation of piece parquet differs from the installation of the board. This is due to their characteristic features.
Piece parquet has a small lamella size. They can have a length of 20 to 25 cm, and a width of 5 to 7.5 cm. The thickness of such parquet can vary from 1.4 to 2.2 cm. This indicator is affected by the production method.
At the same time, parquet boards are called lamellas, which are longer. In this case, the thickness can be very different. On sale there is a finishing material of this category, the height of which is 0.7-2.5 cm. The width of the lamellas can vary from 14 to 20 cm, and the length can reach 220 cm.
The technology of laying parquet is largely determined by its production method. There are several varieties of such materials. ATThe sale includes solid, modular and multi-layer parquet. Each of these varieties has its own advantages and disadvantages. The choice depends on the taste preferences of the owners of the house, as well as the budget for repairs. One of the most popular varieties today is a coating that is assembled from multilayer lamellas.
A feature of the presented type of finish is its structure. The layers differ in the thickness and orientation of the wood fibers. This greatly increases the strength of the material. The first and last layers differ in the direction of the fibers along the board, and in the central one - across. This avoids deformation during operation.
In the manufacture of a parquet board, many successive operations are carried out to prepare and connect each of the layers. This is a technological material that is made using modern methods. At the same time, it retains the texture and appearance of natural wood. This is a beautiful finish that allows you to give the interior a special gloss.
Features of multilayer lamellas
A special do-it-yourself parquet laying technology is used. The device of this finish requires certain knowledge and skills from the master. You need to understand the features and structure of a multilayer parquet board. In this case, the laying procedure can be done by hand.
The parquet board consists of three layers. Each of them has its own characteristics. The top layer is made from valuable hardwood. It performs a decorative and protective function. This layer is resistant towear. For this, its thickness is from 4 mm.
The appearance of the finish depends on the quality of the wood of the top layer. Therefore, when selecting it, the company prefers only special types of wood. They must comply with the manufacturer's requirements. So, the material should not have defects. Lamellas are selected in accordance with the texture and shade of the pattern. After that, the material is glued together, fitting the strips to each other. They are attached to the next layer with a special glue. Some finishes are made from solid veneer. This type of parquet board is called single-strip.
The middle layer is made from softwood. The material must have a semi-vertical or vertical direction of the annual rings. This contributes to the correct distribution of the load throughout the array. The middle of the parquet board is made from strips of the same width. They must be perfectly machined to fit snugly together. Their width is about 25 mm. The thickness of the middle layer is about 7.5mm. A lock joint is made on this part of the parquet board.
The bottom layer performs the function of stabilization. It consists of two or one solid board. This is the support for the top structure. It does not allow the board to bend. The thickness of this layer is about 4 mm.
It should be noted that the price of laying parquet per m2 is about 300 rubles. At the same time, the procedure does not cause any particular difficulties. You can do it yourself.
Other varietiesdesigns
To install the floor covering with your own hands, you need to know its device. The technology of laying parquet depends on this. Mounting methods are largely chosen in accordance with the type of lamella construction.
In addition to multilayer varieties of parquet, solid arrays are also sold. Their cost will be much higher than that of the previous option. However, it is worth considering that such parquet can be scraped. This allows the surface to be restored if necessary. The lifetime of the whole array is about 100 years. Due to the high cost, this type of finish is used very rarely. It is made to order.
Much more practical and popular than solid slats - artistic modular materials for decoration. They are also called shields. Such plates consist of modules or blocks that are folded into a single ornament. Type-setting modules are assembled from parts of different widths, colors, types of wood. To compose one ornament, natural materials with similar qualities are used.
Laying panel parquet is easier. The prepared material is fixed on the base with a special glue. In this case, even an inexperienced master can perform the work. This installation will not require much effort and time.
All parquet options available for sale can be finished (primed, varnished) or not. In the first case, the cost of purchasing materials increases. However, installation in this case is easier and faster. Ifparquet requires subsequent polishing, which greatly complicates the process of finishing the floor.
Material reviews
Parquet installers note a number of advantages and disadvantages of this type of finish. They need to be considered before purchasing materials. The parquet board, in comparison with a laminate, linoleum, differs in the highest ecological indicators. It is made only from natural wood.
The board is resistant to various adverse effects. This is one of the most durable materials. At the same time, it refers to pure materials. It can create a certain atmosphere in the room by regulating the humidity. At the same time, the smell of wood in the room is also liked by many owners of apartments or houses. What's more, the material does not release harmful chemicals into the air.
Parquet differs, according to the builders, for a long service life. It is repairable. If necessary, it can be restored several times. As a result, the service life can be more than 50 years. The material does not accumulate static electricity. Therefore, dust and other small contaminants do not settle on it.
Also, one of the main advantages of parquet, according to the owners of apartments and houses, is its spectacular appearance. Parquet can be harmoniously fit into different interior styles. At the same time, it will always look luxurious.
There are a number of disadvantages of parquet that you should pay attention to. Wood is a natural material that can absorb moisture. She candry out too much at elevated temperatures. It also happens vice versa. If parquet absorbs moisture, it swells and increases in size. Therefore, humidity, like the temperature in the room, must be maintained at a given level. Significant fluctuations are not allowed.
The cost of laying parquet, as well as the purchase of material, is quite high. Therefore, this type of finish is not available to every buyer. However, installation takes a long time. It will require additional costs to pay for the work of professional repairmen. If you do the installation yourself, you can save a significant amount of money. However, the procedure will be quite lengthy and monotonous.
Laid parquet will require additional finishing. It also incurs additional costs. At the same time, when using such a floor covering, you must follow the rules for caring for it.
Styling patterns
There are different types of parquet installation. The drawing depends on the features of the interior, the taste preferences of the owners. With the help of lamellas of different sizes, you can create interesting patterns. One of the easiest ways to install parquet is deck laying.
Several varieties belong to this category of drawings. The first of these is called symmetrical styling. The boards of the next row are shifted by 1/3 or half of the size of the previous row. If there is no symmetry in the pattern, the styling is called chaotic. It can be straight or diagonal. The stock of materials for these types of laying should be about 3-4%.
You can lay the pattern in the form of squares or diamonds. To do this, use wood of different species and shades. The direction of the squares can be straight or diagonal. In this case, squares can be created from 4 or 5 planks. Can be used when laying diagonal inserts. When laying squares, the stock of materials should be up to 7%. Paul looks quite original.
Popular way of installation is laying parquet "herringbone". It involves the obligatory fixation of the lamellas on the glue. The stock of material should be about 4%. Lamellas can be laid straight or with a slope. By the number of slats, laying is distinguished using from 1 to 4 slats. There is another interesting variety called the "French herringbone". In this case, the edges of each plank are cut at an angle. This allows you to join the parquet in the form of triangles.
More complex schemes may also apply. For example, there is a mosaic laying. In this case, the drawing has a certain sequence. The choice of such an ornament is carried out individually. Also, the pattern may contain complex elements, for example, parquet rosettes, waves, etc.
Preparation for installation
Considering the ways of laying parquet, you can choose the best option for your house or apartment. In order for this material to be used for a long time, it is necessary to perform the correct laying of the lamellas. First, it requires proper preparation of the room. All finishing work in this room must be completed. Do not allow the presence of high humidity, dust, dirt. Temperature, atwhich can be installed, is 19-22ºС. The humidity level should be between 45% and 50%.
The base of the floor will also require proper preparation. You need to choose one of the three main ways to install lamellas. You will also need to level the base, clean it of debris and dust, and prime it. If necessary, electric cables are laid here, a floor heating system is installed.
If necessary, strobes are cut into the screed for laying corrugated pipes. At the same time, it is very important to draw up an accurate plan of the room before the start of finishing work. On it you need to indicate the location of all additional communications that will pass under the floor covering. It should be noted that the installation of natural wood material is significantly different from the laying of laminate. No negative factors should affect the parquet.
Lamels must also be properly prepared. They are laid out indoors, allowing them to acclimatize. The packs are opened at the ends and left in the room for a day or even more. At the same time, it is impossible to dry clothes in the room, to carry out wet cleaning. Otherwise, the material will be saturated with moisture. This will change the dimensions of the lamellas. If necessary, the plates must be sorted, selecting their groups according to the pattern.
You also need to purchase the material necessary for work. In the course of work, you will need a hacksaw with fine teeth, a hammer, a tape measure and a square, wedges, a tamping bar. The last of these materials should not be made from a piece of parquet. Otherwise, the qualityconnections may be poor.
Preparing the base
There are three main ways to prepare the base. This stage of work should not be neglected. Due to an improperly equipped base, various defects may appear on the finish during operation. In this case, loosening and cracking of the crests of the lamellas can be observed. In this case, the floor will creak. This situation will require additional grinding almost immediately after installation. A subfloor that does not meet existing requirements results in a reduced lifespan of the finish.
Parquet can be laid on screed, on logs or on plywood. Each of these installation methods must be considered in detail before starting work. Laying parquet on a screed is required if the concrete floor has significant defects. In this case, it turns out to eliminate height differences, potholes and cracks.
Filling is carried out with a cement-sand or self-leveling mortar. First, the base must be primed with a deep penetration compound. If defects and height differences are more than 2 cm, another layer of screed will need to be poured. Waterproofing is laid between them. A kind of pallet is constructed from polyethylene. It should have sides of 10 cm. The layer is poured with a thickness of 3-4 cm. Fiber or reinforcing mesh is added to the composition.
Follow-up work can be carried out no earlier than after 4 weeks. If the lamellas are fixed directly to the concrete floor, a period of about 7 weeks must be observed. Only then can you installpark. You won't have to wait so long if you are laying parquet on plywood. It must be moisture resistant.
After the screed is made, after 28 days, plywood can be mounted on its surface. It is fastened with screws. Plywood sheets need to be cut into 4 parts. They are mounted with a run-up (reminiscent of brickwork). Between the sheets leave a distance of about 2 mm. In this case, the hats of the self-tapping screws must be sunk into the plywood by 4 mm. Plywood needs to be sanded along the seams in order to eliminate height differences between sheets. This material should be at a distance of 90-120 mm from the wall. For this, spacer wedges are installed. They are not removed until all plywood sheets are installed. After that, I take out the wedges, fill the gap with mounting foam. After installing the parquet, this layer will cover the baseboard.
You can mount parquet on logs. To do this, logs with a cross section of 4x5 cm are installed on the base of the floor. They are laid in increments of 30 cm, fixing with corners. Sand is poured between the lags. Plywood is cut into 4 pieces. In each of them, 9 holes are made for fixing to the lags. The principle of offset installation is respected. The first layer must be treated with a primer, and then with glue. After that, the second layer is laid. It is fixed with self-tapping screws. The total thickness of the plywood layers should be 3 cm.
Fixation methods
There is a specific instruction for laying parquet. It involves the installation of lamellas in one of three ways. Dry laying involves fixing with the help of special groove-thorn locking joints. This waythe stacking is suitable for material up to 14 mm thick. The coating does not require grinding and can be used immediately after installation.
The use of adhesive is necessary if the thickness of the lamellas is more than 14 mm. In this case, the parquet is connected with glue to each other and laid on the base, also with the help of this composition. This is a monolithic structure. Its repair will be problematic.
Also, parquet can be laid using self-tapping screws or nails. In the groove fasteners are fixed at an angle. This type of fixation is used for lamellas with a thickness of more than 20 mm. This option is preferable if lags are set on the basis.
Installation on underfloor heating
Parquet can be laid on a floor heating system made of electric film. For this, the quality of the finishing material is subject to increased requirements. Walnut and beech tolerate heat best. The heating film is laid on a layer of insulation with a foil top layer.
A warm floor is installed from above with adhesive tape. It is connected to a thermostat. After that, the parquet is installed. For this, the dry method of installation is best suited. Also, the parquet should not be more than 1.5 cm thick. Otherwise, the system will not be able to warm it up properly.
Having considered the features and types of parquet laying, you can choose the best option for your apartment or house.
