Berry-raspberries, whether fresh fruits or fragrant jam in winter, attracts everyone without exception. Growing this shrub in your area is not difficult. When choosing a variety, experts recommend paying attention to the standard form. What it is? Let's figure it out.
Which raspberry is called a standard raspberry?
We are all accustomed to the fact that raspberries are a shrub that gives a fairly strong growth in a few years and forms real thickets without proper care. Therefore, ordinary varieties, as a rule, are grown in a trellis way. Selection does not stand still and standard raspberries are now extremely popular among gardeners. The main feature of this species is that it has thicker, stronger and branched shoots. In this regard, you can often find the name "raspberry tree". In fact, this is the same bush, only after regular pinching, it gradually begins to resemble a small tree. However, if you do not follow special agricultural techniques, you will get all the same thickets that will bear fruit very weakly. Don't fall for tricksunscrupulous sellers, there is no raspberry tree. But there are standard varieties, and with enough effort, you will get a good result from them.
Stamp raspberry varieties
Almost every year the number of varieties increases, and any gardener will find exactly what he likes. We will only mention the most famous of them.
- Tarusa. High-yielding and mid-late raspberry variety. Powerful stems grow up to 2 meters in height. They do not have thorns and are covered with a wax coating. Winter-hardy variety, tolerates temperatures down to -30°C. In addition, the Tarusa variety is resistant to diseases. The berries have a mass of up to 15 g, bright crimson color, elongated shape.
- Fairy tale. The standard raspberry of this variety has a very high yield (more than 12 kg per bush). It is also quite resistant to cold and various diseases. The berries are large, up to 20 g in weight, dense, easy to transport.
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Sturdy man. In addition to good taste and yield, the variety produces very good shoots and forms a strong root system, which allows it to be used by those who sell seedlings.
- Galaxy. High-yielding variety (up to 20 kg per bush), large berries with excellent taste, strong, well tolerated transportation.
Place for raspberries
This shrub loves the sun, so designate a sunny place for it on the site, hidden from drafts. Standard raspberry, like regular or remontant, likes to grow onslopes, away from groundwater and stagnant water. It is desirable that the soils be well-drained, neutral or slightly acidic. Think immediately about winter, about raspberries being covered with a high snow cover. Otherwise, you will have to bend the branches of the bush to the ground.
The worst precursors for raspberries are nightshade: potatoes, tomatoes. If you are preparing a site for planting in the fall, then it is advisable to plant rapeseed, mustard or any legumes (peas, beans, alfalfa, etc.) on it.
Time to board
Standard raspberry (photo above), like any other type of this shrub, can be planted both in spring and autumn. In the first case, the approximate dates are mid-April. They may shift, depending on each region. After all, for example, in the Urals at this time it is quite possible that the snow has not yet melted or the earth has not dried out. Very often you can find the opinion that spring planting is the most favorable. There is some truth in this. It must be borne in mind: the survival rate in the spring will be higher only if the buds have not yet blossomed and the plant has not started to grow. In autumn, raspberries are planted at the end of September. Seedlings must be planted 10-12 cm from the soil level. This will protect the shrub from freezing the lower buds.
How to plant standard raspberries?
Planting standard raspberries can be carried out in a bush or tape way. In the first case, separate holes are dug for each bush, and in the second, a long trench is prepared. Say thatis more correct, difficult, as convenient for anyone.
If you are going to plant raspberries in a bush way, then you need to dig holes about 50 by 50 cm in size. Dip the roots of the seedlings in the mullein solution and gently lower them into the hole, sprinkle with a fertile soil mixture. Keep a distance of about one meter between the bushes. With the tape method of planting, you will have to dig a trench, half a meter wide and half a meter deep. If there are several rows, then keep a distance of 2 meters between them. Otherwise, it will be inconvenient to prune, harvest, and in general, the plants will interfere with each other. When planting in a trench between the bushes, the distance should be 40 cm. Fertilizers, humus, wood ash can be added to the soil at this time.
It is necessary to plant a raspberry seedling so that after the soil sags, it is 2-3 cm deeper than the level at which it grew in the nursery.
Stamp Raspberry: care
Agrotechnology for growing raspberries consists in its timely pruning, treatment with pesticides, feeding and tying for the winter. In the very early spring (as soon as the snow melts), the shrub needs to be treated with special preparations as a prophylaxis for gray rot, leaf spot, septoria, anthracnose and rust. Use 3% Bordeaux mixture for this. Re-treatment is done in mid-autumn. In late April-early May, the soil between the bushes must be loosened and mulched, as raspberries love it very much.
In October, while the shoots still retainflexibility, you need to tie the bushes. To do this, the branches of one plant are tilted to the ground and connected to another. The height from the ground should not be more than 30 cm. At the same time, you can feed the raspberries with organic fertilizers.
Water and fertilize
Standard raspberries are very fond of moisture, so you need to water it, especially during flowering and fruiting. The frequency is once a week, and the water consumption is about 5 liters per bush. Well, in this case, a drip irrigation system is suitable.
During the summer, raspberries are periodically treated with karbofos. This protects against such pests as the raspberry beetle and fly, from weevils, leaf beetles, etc. Fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers is carried out during the period of active growth of berries (early July). In October, before winter, it is recommended to apply humus or manure at the rate of 5-6 kilograms per square meter. They do this in the form of mulching the soil, pouring organic matter with a layer of about 7 cm, and after that - ordinary earth (2 cm) or you can carefully dig everything up.
Pruning standard raspberries
Despite the fact that standard raspberries are sometimes called tree raspberries, they still require pruning. Moreover, it practically does not differ from that in relation to the usual forms. It consists in the removal of shoots that have already given their own, that is, they have borne fruit. Or you can use the double cut method. In this case, only one replacement shoot is left. It is cut at the end of May or the beginningJune by 10-15 cm, when it reaches about a meter in height. Toward the end of summer, you will form a small bush that resembles a tree and has 5-6 side branches. It is in this form that raspberries remain to winter. It is advisable to carry out the second pruning in the spring, when the leaves have blossomed (mid or end of May). At the same time, the side branches must be shortened by 5-12 cm. This, in general, is the whole secret of standard raspberries.
Any gardener wants to get the maximum effect at the minimum cost, well, or at least commensurate with them. One of the best options for fruit and berry bushes is standard raspberry. Planting and caring for it will not take much time, but the result will definitely please. Standard varieties are distinguished by high yield, large berries (up to 20 g) and resistance to harsh winters, which certainly distinguishes them from others.
