No bathhouse can be imagined without a furnace. These designs are made from different materials, including improvised ones. If you want to do it yourself, you will need to collect everything you need, prepare tools and materials, as well as stock up on time and patience. Observing the technology, seasoning it with imagination, you can assemble the oven yourself. This will save money, because such factory-made equipment is quite expensive.
Preparation of tools and materials for the manufacture of a metal furnace
In order to make a metal stove for a bath with your own hands, you should prepare the following tools:
- welding machine;
- grinder;
- electrodes.
The latter should have a diameter ranging from 3 to 4 mm. If you decide to use a pipe in your work, you will need:
- rims;
- sheet iron;
- pipe on100mm;
- rebar.
There should be four rims. The range of pipe diameters varies from 100 to 150 mm. The sheet metal used should have a thickness in the range of 2 to 3 mm. As for the reinforcement, its diameter can be equal to the limit from 8 to 10 mm. Instead, you can use a metal rod. For additional materials, you may need:
- brick;
- sand;
- rubble;
- cement.
Bricks should be about 300 pieces. Cement will need approximately 3 bags of 50 kg each.
Expert advice
Before you make a metal stove for a bath with your own hands, you must take into account that the thrust in the device will be created by the discharge method. This suggests that cold rarefied air will draw out warm air, which tends upward under the influence of the Archimedean force. The weather will affect the draft: warm and humid air prevails in the summer, while the draft will be less. As for winter, the situation is reversed here.
The thrust will depend on the diameter of the pipe. If it is rather thin, then warm air and gases will be slowed down by friction against the walls - they will not have time to leave the chimney. As a result of this, a smoke plug will occur, the smoke will leave by the method of least resistance, entering the room. This indicates that in the manufacture of the furnace, one must be guided by the principle of pressure, thrust.
The size of the chimney and firebox must be chosen correctly. If the pipe is quite wide, then gases and smoke will slowly rise up, andtraction will be bad. The pipe will quickly become clogged, as a result of which it will have to be cleaned frequently. Everything will settle on the walls of the pipe, and the normal speed when exiting the pipe will be about 8 m per second.
Building the foundation
If you want to make a stove from a pipe for a bath with your own hands, then first you need to build a foundation. It will become the base where the structure is to be installed. Although the iron stove weighs a little, the foundation for the structure is required, in addition, the base must be even. To do this, it is necessary to knock down the formwork, the height of which will be 20 cm. The dimensions should be equal to 1 x 1 m. The future foundation is reinforced with rods that are laid across and along squares of 20 x 20 cm. In those places where the reinforcement will be connected to each other, its should be tied with wire.
The frame should not come into contact with the soil, for this, 4 pieces of reinforcement should be driven into the ground along the edges, tying a grate to them on weight. Before you start pouring the foundation, you should make sure that the grate is in the center. Once the foundation is poured, it is kept for about 2 weeks. At the same time, all doors and windows must be opened for better ventilation, laying a wet rag on top. This is necessary so that cracks do not form during drying. During this time, the rags should be moistened periodically.
Preparation and Assembly
When making a stove from a pipe for a bath with your own hands, you will need to assemble the heating equipment itself. For this, it is usedrear wheel rim. All holes must be welded, except for what is in the center. Then the next rim goes on. The convex top should be cut off. The 1st rim is inserted into the second, everything needs to be brewed. There should be no slots and holes, the device must be airtight. The slag after welding is beaten off, the welding seam must be checked. If gaps were made somewhere, they must be welded, checked again and the slag beat off.
The rim is welded to the pipe, the 2nd rim is put on it and welded so that there are no holes, as this part will become a water tank. Rims welded to each other will form a container. After that, reinforcement in the form of beams should be welded in the second rim on three sides. They must be attached to the pipe for rigidity. In the first rim, you need to drill a hole 25 cm at the very bottom. Further, a pipe of the same diameter is welded from there, it is necessary to screw a tap into it to drain the water. The first rim, which is completely scalded from below, except for the middle, is put on the pipe, otherwise it will not be possible to insert it. The second rim is turned over and welded to the end of the pipe.
When the foundation is ready, you should remove the formwork and start laying bricks. Instead of cement mortar, clay should be used. If there is a dressing room, then before installing a new stove, it is necessary to cut a square hole in the wall, because the heater will start from there. This part will become the doors of the blower and firebox, everything else will be located in the bath. If there is no waiting room, then it will need to be built along with the stove. The corner where the structure stands should be bricked over, which is necessary for fire safety.
If you are faced with the question of how to make a stove in a bath with your own hands, you should know that the base is laid out of brick, the second row will become an ash pan. This is the mine through which you will need to choose the ashes. The ash pan is made somewhat smaller than the combustion shaft. Next, you can install the blower door by overlaying it on top with another row of bricks. A grate is installed over the shaft.
Now you can start laying out the firebox, after the grate, a place is arranged under the firebox door. From above you need to lay two more rows. After laying the oven dries out for two weeks. If it is flooded immediately, microcracks may appear, which will violate the integrity of the structure. The blower, the entrances and exits must be opened in order for the stove to dry. A pipe is installed on the folded structure.
At the iron stove, the heater will be located on the body. In this case, it will be on the pipe, there is also a tank for hot water. The structure itself will turn out to be heavy, so it can be divided into separate parts, assembled indoors. The upper part of the chimney must be reinforced with two fittings. For fastening to the wall, you can use a plate or a corner, which is welded to the reinforcement and drilled from both sides. The brick can be drilled with a drill with a diameter of 6 cm. Anchors are strengthened there to obtain a stiffness angle for the stability of the structure.
An alternative way to make an iron stove
If you want to make an iron stove for a bath with your own hands, you can use a large piece of pipe, the diameter of which will be 50 cm. An opening for a blower is cut in the product. Its dimensions should be equal to 5 x 20 cm. Fasteners for the grate are welded inside the pipe. They will be located on the side of the opening. For this, a plate with lugs is used.
Next, you can start arranging the firebox. To do this, an opening of 25 x 20 cm is cut out. Fasteners must be welded for the heater rods. Products with a diameter of 1 cm should be used. Instead, you can take rods for a round grate.
When making an iron stove for a bath with your own hands, on the opposite wall of the heater, you need to cut a hole where steam will be supplied. Stones are placed in the structure. You can use diabase or soapstone. The exceptions are mica stones, granite and flint.
In the cover it is necessary to cut a hole for the chimney pipe, which is installed in the next step. On this we can assume that the process of manufacturing the furnace is completed. You can improve the design by adding a water tank to it. To do this, a piece of pipe of impressive diameter is taken, into which a crane is welded. Then a lid is taken, which must be cut into two parts. An opening for the chimney is cut out in one half, after which the product is welded to the tank. The second part of the cover will be removable, so you need to attach a handle and hinges to it.
Building a brick kiln: arranging the foundation
A brick stove for a bath with your own hands can be folded to suit different sizes, but it will have an impressive weight, so it will need a good foundation. For him, a pit is dug to 0.5 m. Closer to the bottom, the pit needs to be expanded. Clean sand is poured there, a layer is poured over with water and sprinkled with rubble. To do this, you can use a brick fight. As soon as the mixture settles, the installation of panels or prefabricated formwork can begin.
The do-it-yourself brick sauna stove is equipped with a technology that involves working on the foundation. The next step is to install a reinforcing cage inside the pit. Then the space is filled with liquid concrete to a level of 15 cm below the soil surface. As soon as the concrete hardens, the formwork can be removed, and fine gravel can be poured into the voids formed. Roofing material is laid on concrete in several layers. The dimensions of the sheets must correspond to the foundation site. The material is needed for waterproofing.
Building a furnace
Before you start building a brick sauna stove with your own hands, you must choose a solution. It consists of:
- concrete;
- sand;
- clay.
The rock is cleaned of debris and impurities, leaving it in a container of water for several days. A metal rod is placed under the first row of masonry, and in the bricks, using the abrasive wheel of the grinder, it is necessary to make the appropriate slots. As soon as the dooris installed, the resulting gaps can be filled with a solution of clay and sand.
The do-it-yourself stove in the bath is laid out of brick. After completing the laying of the first row, you should install a water tank, which you can do yourself. The grate is adjusted in such a way that there is a gap between it and the combustion chamber, otherwise, when heated, the grate will expand and move the bricks in the wall.
Before laying the sixth row, it is necessary to wrap the door and that part of the container that comes into contact with the brick with an asbestos cord. When installing the firebox door, it is fixed in the same way as the sash. The difference here is only in the amount of wire. You have to twist 3 rods for each hole, you need to do this with pliers.
If you are thinking about how to make a stove in a bath with your own hands, you should become more familiar with the design features of the chimney. When installing it, you must take care of the fire safety rules. The distance from the pipe to the roof should not be less than 80 cm. As for the wall thickness, it should be one and a half bricks or more. This measure will protect the inner walls from condensation. The furnace overlaps from the 12th to the 19th rows. On the 21st row, two channels can be formed, each will be the size of a brick. The resulting voids must be insulated with mineral wool before starting work with the chimney.
Having finished laying on the 22nd row, you should move the chimney channels to the center. If the order suggests that the core should be overlapped, it should be laid overhim another row of bricks. The installation of valves begins after the channels are combined. Between them, a distance of one row of masonry must be maintained. The dimensions of the chimney channel must correspond to those indicated. If the cross section is increased, this will cause the combustion products to be slowly removed.
If you want to fold the stove in the bath with your own hands, a step-by-step guide will help you with this. After reviewing it, you can find out that all connections should be processed to prevent the formation of cracks. Otherwise, soot will quickly form on the walls and ceiling of the bath. If gaps have been found, they are eliminated with a solution of clay and sand. In order for the oven to dry completely, it is necessary to leave it for two weeks. After completing the masonry, it is necessary to check the draft by opening all the plugs and doors. The first heating should not be carried out to the end. Wood chips will be the best fuel.
Making a gas oven: foundation work
Before you start building a gas furnace, you should build a foundation. Work should begin with a pit, the bottom of which is located below the freezing line of the soil, which is 70 cm. In the lower part, the pit should be larger than the main excavation. This will avoid unnecessary hassle when moving the soil. The bottom of the pit is covered with sand, the thickness of the layer should be 15 cm.
After that, crushed stone is laid out and a formwork with a reinforced frame is installed. On thethe next stage, you can start pouring concrete, after setting which the formwork is disassembled, and the surface is covered with tar in several layers. Places freed from the boards are covered with fine gravel and coarse sand. Moisture insulation is installed in the upper part of the foundation.
Choice of gas burner
Before you make a stove for a bath with your own hands, it is recommended to consider a photo. After reviewing them, you can understand what the design of heating equipment should be. However, if you plan to make a gas oven, it is important for it to choose the right burner. This part can be atmospheric or pressurized. The first is the cheapest and easiest. It does not require an automation system or special equipment to operate. Gas combustion is maintained by air entering the chamber through a blower or stuffing box door.
If you want to make a do-it-yourself wood-burning sauna stove, then by supplementing it with such a gas burner, you will need to know that its efficiency will depend on the amount of air inside the room, so a small amount of oxygen can cause problems. Forced burners can also be found on the market, but such equipment is more complex. The design in this case will depend on the fan that blows air from the outside. The price of a gas stove will end up being the highest, as this option is more expensive in terms of electricity consumption, but more efficient. Such burners are often used in combination stoves, which can be fired with gas or other fuels,for example, firewood.
Working on the walls
Building a gas stove for a bath with your own hands, after working on the foundation, you can start installing the walls. First you need to make a protective wall that will protect the bath from ignition. It is made from sliced brick, which is laid on a cement mortar. On the foundation there is a waterproofing gasket made of bitumen, on which the first layer is being laid. All bricks are wetted with water, ideally it is better to place them in a liquid and wait about 10 minutes. Seams should not be thicker than 5mm.
The second and subsequent rows are laid out so that each brick overlaps the joint of two bricks of the bottom row. A blower door is built into the third row, which is fixed with galvanized wire or cut strips of steel sheet. In the fourth row, a well for ash and a grate should be placed. On the sixth row, the installation of the blower door is completed, while the seventh row will be the final one for the grate and the firebox door. The most durable are cast iron products.
In the eighth row, you can install a partition, which will become the beginning of the chimney. Up to the 14th row, bricks are laid, and then channels should be placed on top. In the front wall, it is necessary to make an opening for a container where water will be heated. The tank is vertically mounted on channels. The 15th row is laid out from halves of bricks, which must be placed at an angle. The halves will be the basis for laying the dividing wall. The next three rows are laid according to the same principle.
If you want to fold the stove intobath with your own hands, then at the level of the 19th row it will be necessary to install a door through which steam will escape. Using mild steel, you need to cut thin strips. They are installed between the 20th and 21st rows. After that, a water tank is installed. It should be surrounded by a battle of bricks. From the 23rd row it will be possible to install a chimney, which is selected taking into account the design modification. Above the roof, the pipe should rise by 0.5 m. The gas boiler for the bath should have a heavy pipe. Its thickness should be equal to 0.5 bricks or more. The cross section for the passage of smoke must have the same dimensions. It is better to use a solution of cement or lime. Clay composition can be washed away by rain, causing destruction.
Welding a furnace from a gas cylinder
If you want to make a stove in the bath with your own hands, you can use an ordinary gas cylinder for this. It should be taken outside and let out the remaining gas and liquid. After that, the cylinder is clamped in a vice, a valve is unscrewed from its body using a gas wrench. Condensation or gas may remain inside, so you must protect yourself from fire or explosion. The container is completely filled with water, only after you can proceed to the following operations.
In the upper part it is necessary to mark the cut line. To do this, draw a line around the edge of the rounding in a circle. The top is cut off, it can serve as a blank for the firebox door. The balloon is filled with water, so after you cut it, the liquid must belet flow out, then you can finish the operation.
When making a stove for a bath with your own hands, at the next stage, on the cut off top, you need to close the hole for the tap and scald it. The bar handle can be welded on for convenience. Doors are hinged. In the lower part of the furnace, it is necessary to make markings and cut a groove, the width of which will be 100 mm. From a sheet of metal, you need to cut two parts, grabbing them along the edge of the cut groove. Cut off the bottom of the cylinder, you need to cover the hole and grab it to the sidewalls. The front is closed with a door. It should tightly close the cavity of the ash pan. The seams should be well scalded and the quality of the weld checked.
When making a stove for a bath with your own hands, in the next step you can weld the legs of the desired length. The firebox door is installed in place and welded in the hinge area to the body. From the wall you need to remove the outlet for the latch. It is important to make sure that the doors close tightly, asbestos cord can be used to seal. A grate is laid at the bottom, which can be made from a bar or reinforcement. If the parts are short, they are butt-welded from several pieces. The grate should be equal to the length of the oven. In the front part, you will need to place a water tank. To do this, the side walls are raised to the desired height, and cutouts are made in the front and rear of the containers for docking with the round surface of the body.
When making a metal stove for a bath with your own hands, you will need to grab the parts together and attach them to the balloon. Size should becut and install a cover that is better not to be fixed tightly. So the container will be easier to maintain. The tank is welded as reliably as possible, after the first pass it is necessary to beat off the slag and lay another seam. On the side of the water heater, it is necessary to make a hole and install a water tap. In the back of the stove, you need to attach a grid, it is necessary for stones. For this, it is most convenient to use reinforcement that is welded together. This assembly is located above the chimney.
In the upper part of the output, a gate valve is made from a bar and a circle, the last of which will be made from a sheet of metal according to the diameter of the pipe. If you are faced with the task of how to weld a sauna stove with your own hands, you must follow the technology. At the next stage, you can do the arrangement of the chimney. It is better to make it from a 120 mm sandwich pipe. In order to connect the segments to each other as tightly as possible, special clamps should be used. The pipe should be raised to the ceiling and led through the ceiling to the attic. Clamps are attached to the walls of the chimney. Places of passage of ventilation through the roof should be covered with layers of heat and waterproofing. Such protection will not allow moisture to pass into the attic and eliminate the formation of cold bridges.
Recommendations for installing metal stoves
Do-it-yourself installation of the stove in the bath must be done in the chosen place. To do this, the floor is dismantled in a section whose area is equal to the shape of the furnace bottom. In each direction, however, it is necessary to retreat 15 cm. The floor filling is dug up to a depth of 50 cm. The bottom of the pit is compacted and filled uplayer of rubble and sand. A double layer of polyethylene film for waterproofing is spread on the bottom and walls.
When installing a stove in a bathhouse with your own hands, it is necessary to cut out a frame from the road grid, the width of which will be 5 cm less than that of the pit. The frame is laid on a stand made of pieces of reinforcement rested on the floor. The pit is filled up to the level of filling with concrete. The surface is leveled with a vibrating screed. A small formwork can be used to raise the level of the slab. Horizontalness should be checked with a level. After the slab has hardened, it is covered with a double layer of roofing material and laid out with fireclay bricks in one or two layers according to the shape of the slab surface. The base can be raised 10 cm above the floor.
After setting and hardening of the brickwork, you can install the oven, as provided by the project. Having made an iron stove for a bath with your own hands, an adapter in the form of a sandwich pipe should be mounted in the wall. A chimney pipe is welded to the adapter. From the street, the second part of the pipe should be welded and covered with a nozzle so that debris and precipitation do not get into the gap. On three sides, the slab is lined with fire-resistant bricks, you can use facing.
Oven dimensions
The heater can be made by hand, the dimensions of the sauna stove are selected individually. You can choose them based on the size and heat dissipation of factory models. For example, "Ermak Stoker 100" has the following dimensions: 600 x 350 x 670 mm. At the same time, the volume of the heated room can reach 100 m3. But "Professor Butakov" from the company "Termofor"has the following dimensions: 370 x 520 x 650 mm. The volume of the heated room reaches 150 m3.
How to install a stove in the bath with your own hands, you now know. However, this is not all you need to know. It is also important to ask about the dimensions of the structure to ensure optimal conditions. You can build a structure with the following dimensions: 700 x 375 x 520 mm. The Teplodar Top Model 200 model has these parameters, which is capable of heating up to 200 m2
In closing
Stoves for a bath can be different, but if you plan to make such a device yourself, you must choose a technology that will be within your power. The material can be a brick, but it is only suitable for those who already had experience in carrying out such work. You can also use steel.
