Often during the repair, the question arises of how to level the walls with your own hands and what solutions can be used. The market offers a wide range of ready-made mixtures. And sometimes it is difficult for a person to deal with such a variety of products.
Before what kind of work is the wall leveled?
If you have planned the interior decoration of the room, then you cannot do without leveling the surfaces. Any finishing material fits well only on a perfectly smooth wall. Continuous leveling of walls with plaster mixtures is the best way to achieve a perfectly smooth surface.
Irregularities need to be corrected if you want to lay tiles. A flat surface for wallpapering is also important. When painting walls, a smooth surface is the key to a successful repair.
Types of mixtures
To find out what mixtures are for leveling walls, you should study where they are used and what they consist of.
Here's what's on the market:
- Putty. This material is referred to as dry mixes for continuous leveling of walls. She representspowder, which may be creamy in texture. Used as a finishing layer in the process of leveling surfaces. On this mixture after drying, you can glue the wallpaper or paint the walls in the color you like. If a person wants to get a smooth wall, then the choice should be stopped at putty.
- Primer. Also used for leveling. In the process, all dirt and dust is removed from the surface. The absorbency of the surface is thus reduced. After the layer dries, it becomes easy to apply paint and glue. After priming, these materials begin to be economically consumed. The surface becomes resistant to the penetration of moisture, as well as varnish. Many do not know that the primer creates an antibacterial coating on the wall. Mixtures for leveling walls lie on the primer more evenly. If you look at the composition, you can see the presence in the material of various additives that actively fight fungi and mold.
- Plaster. It is used when it is necessary to create a new and smooth surface. It is used to protect the fence, load-bearing walls from high humidity, creates good sound insulation. Heat loss to the wall is reduced.
- Glue and masonry mixes. Cold-resistant solutions are obtained.
- Solutions for universal use. Widely used for various surfaces. They have a good grip, resistant to low temperatures. Such wall leveling compounds are suitable for rooms that are not heated in the winter season.
Big attentiongiven to the decorative direction. Many different colors are available. You can choose the texture to your taste.
How is the primer applied?
A primer coat must be applied before puttying or painting the walls. If we consider the composition, we can see the substances that form a film after application. The primer is made on an acrylic basis. You can also find the product you are looking for on a mineral or oil basis. They also produce mixtures for leveling walls on an alkyd basis. Some types of primer are shown in the table:
| Variety | Where applicable |
| Special alkyd primer | Applied to wooden substrates before finishing the room. |
| Acrylic | It is a versatile blend due to its special composition. This mixture has a unique ability to penetrate the surface. |
| Glyphthalic | Used on surfaces only in a dry place. Suitable for metal surfaces. |
| Perchlorovinyl |
Can be used on any surface. The downside is the toxicity of the components. You can not work it at home. |
| Polyvinyl acetate | Will fit any wall, well prepares the surface. |
| Phenolic | Applied as the first layer onmetal surfaces as well as wood. |
| Polystyrene | It is chosen when the plaster work is completed, the door surfaces are already aligned. |
Classification of putty
Often used for finishing and leveling walls pasty material - putty. It contains filler, binder and special additives.
The mixture is divided by parameters:
- According to the state of a certain phase: dry or in the form of a paste. Putty putty is considered a ready-made mortar.
- According to the type of binder component. Gypsum and cement can be used. Often found in polymers.
- According to the purpose of the composition: for leveling walls or for "passing" the second layer of putty.
How to choose the right mixture for leveling walls? Tips
Before buying material for leveling walls, you need to decide what type of walls you have and what they are built from. It is important to understand that different types require certain materials. Many stop at the universal mixture for leveling walls and ceilings.
It is also necessary to take into account the temperature factor, humidity in the room. If you choose a mixture for leveling the walls in the bathroom, then there the humidity will definitely be higher (at least 60 percent). In this case, the choice should be on a cement-based mortar.
When the humidity in the room is low, any mixture can be used. You can buy cement orplaster. Cement-lime mixtures are also well applied.
Each package of the product contains recommendations for its use, the consumption of the mixture for leveling the walls and other characteristics. You should study these instructions. There are packages where there are no tags with the composition, storage conditions of the material. This product is not recommended for use. It is not known how the material will react. After application, the composition may lie unevenly or crumble the next day.
What else to look out for?
Many when buying building materials are guided by the price tag in the store. Construction professionals recommend looking at the amount of material that will go per 1 square meter. It is better to purchase high-quality and already proven brands. Usually they are more expensive than other analogues, but there is a guarantee that you will not have to redo the work again.
Review materials
Before choosing a material, you should study the offers on the market. In high demand:
- "Rotband" is an environmentally friendly material. This gypsum plaster is produced in Germany by the Knauf company, it is perfectly applied. Its main advantage is that it dries quickly. The mixture is universal in use. Another advantage of this material is the additives included in the composition. Due to them, adhesion is increased. The result is a smooth wall, without any defects. "Rotband" is good to use on concrete surfaces. This product must first be diluted inwater.
- German brands rely on quality and have proven themselves in building mixtures. Plasters from Knauf are convenient in that in addition to the product described above, there are solutions on sale that are ready for use. The material is sold in plastic containers, it is easy to work with. The solution will fill all the cracks, it is convenient to apply. It is characterized as one of the most durable. A distinctive feature is the fire resistance of the material. The basis of the coating is gypsum. The composition can be used even by allergy sufferers, since gypsum does not harm human he alth. Leveling walls with gypsum mixtures is suitable for any room. Knauf retains moisture when it is low in the room and absorbs it when it is in excess.
- Russian materials are also in great demand. They are liked by citizens in terms of quality and pricing policy. One of the well-known manufacturers of mixtures is Glims Production. The products were developed specifically for the climate of Russia, it is also focused on the ecological situation in the country.
- When you need to level and plaster "rough" brickwork, you can buy dry plaster "Goldband Noy". Its main advantage is easy application. Also suitable for stone surfaces. Usually it is worked slowly, carefully, since this dry mix has a long setting period. The curing time largely depends on the thickness of the layer. It is recommended to apply plaster in thin layers.
- For lovers of non-standard solutions, there are plasters of various colors and textures. Rough surfaces are in fashion now(corrugated walls look unusual). An interesting solution would be to finish the wall with a Zermit CH plaster mixture. It comes in the form of small crumbs. If you choose the option with large crumbs, then the wall will be more prominent. Before applying this material, most often the walls are leveled with cement mixtures.
- Easy to apply water-based plaster. It dries quickly and gives a smooth surface. This category includes "Zermit H 200" and "Zermit R 200".
Should I buy all-purpose blends?
When starting repairs, citizens are often interested in the question of which mixtures for leveling walls are universal. People are concerned about whether the quality and life of the product changes depending on what surface the compound is used on.
In the market of universal coatings for leveling walls, the Nivoplan mixture has proven itself well. It is widely used in the course of work on leveling walls of different structures. "Nivoplan" is well suited for plastering work. It is applied in thin layers to concrete walls and plasterboard. This material is applied to foam concrete surfaces, as well as to cement-lime walls.
Complete leveling of the walls with dry mixes ensures ease of application and good adhesion.
What are the secrets to getting a perfectly smooth surface?
Many people don't know that there is a simple technique for leveling walls. It is available even to those who are starting repairs for the first time. Professionals note high-quality data coveragemethod.
If you have to work with a dry mixture, then it must be filled with water. The temperature of the liquid should be at room temperature. It is a mistake to believe that in hot water the composition will quickly cook. Ideally, you need a drill to mix the solution, but you can also prepare it manually.
It is important to mix all proportions correctly according to the instructions. If there are errors in the proportions of the ingredients, then the solution will turn out to be very liquid or excessively dry, with cracks.
The resulting solution is applied in a thin layer with a trowel. It is good to have a wooden grater on hand to quickly remove excess mortar. If a thick layer is obtained, then it can be leveled with a special rail. The next step will be the process of grouting the plaster.
How to work with color mixtures?
Colored plaster is becoming more and more popular this season. You can choose any shade that suits the interior.
When working with this type of plaster, there are some nuances:
- This composition can only be applied to a damp surface. Before starting work, you need to wet a rag and walk it along the walls.
- If a “worn” place appears, it should not be allowed to dry before another layer is applied. If you miss this moment, then a stain will appear on the wall, which will be difficult to get rid of.
- This type of stucco cures in 4 hours, in rare cases it can dry in one or two days. The air temperature in the room directly affects the drying time. More important to knowhumidity in the room to predict when the surface will dry.
Temperature limits
When choosing a wall leveling agent, it is important to look at temperature limits. Most solutions on the market are considered frost-resistant. This type can be used in unheated rooms.
Some plaster mixtures, in addition to their resistance to sub-zero temperatures, are resistant to washout. This effect is achieved due to the presence of hydrophobic compounds in the mixture.
It is believed that it is impossible to work with a composition for leveling walls at temperatures below +5 degrees. Heat is also bad for solutions. Do not use the composition if the temperature in the room has risen above +25 degrees.
Lifetime
Special attention should be paid to the shelf life of the building material used. It must be used up no later than one year from the date of manufacture. Individual products must be used no later than six months after production.
Water based formulations
Water-based formulations last the longest. They can be used even a year after production. The product does not lose its properties and characteristics. The same recommendations can be given for plasters based on artificial resins. They are usually sold in 25 kg containers.
