Floors are the most functional part of any home. There are many requirements for them: they must be beautiful, durable, warm and also easy to clean.
Wooden floors are laid from planed boards, and this type refers to the covering of piece materials. As a rule, boards are no more than six meters long and ten, fifteen or twenty centimeters wide.
Earlier, flooring was made from boards up to eighty millimeters thick, then they began to use thinner ones - 40-50 mm. Recently, thanks to new technologies (warm floors), the allowable board thickness is 26-32 mm.
Flooring is made on logs, which are laid on the bearing elements of the wall, using a lining of elastic soundproof materials to reduce impact sound. Boards are nailed to the joists. If the floors are laid on the ground, then first you need to carefully prepare the base. It is good to level it, make a sand embankment and a concrete screed, then set the logs at a distance of 60-80 cm. It can be a wooden beam or boards, knocked down in two and mounted on an edge. They must be perfectly even, otherwise they will not be able to align in a plane.
Beams or knocked down boards are set at a distance of 60-80 cm and aligned with
with the help of linings, which are made of durable plywood, scraps of boards or other durable materials. After alignment, the lags are fixed.
Wood flooring is best made from tongue and groove boards. They give the floor extra strength. They are assembled in several pieces with the help of locks and compressed with special clamps. In this form, they can be nailed to the lags. Flooring can be considered of high quality if there are no dips and other irregularities. By the same method, flooring is made of plywood, fiberboard, chipboard.
There are several methods for laying wood floors. The simplest pattern, which does not require much experience and skill, is considered parallel styling. When laying a board diagonally, much more experience is required. New wooden floors must be covered with a protective layer. They can be varnishes, mastics, etc. Lacquer provides the most reliable and durable coating. Before applying its first layer, the varnish must be well diluted with a solvent. It will soak into the wood and replace the primer.
You can use wax or oil mastic to create a protective layer. Before applying the mastic, the floor should be sanded. If the boards are of good quality, then it will be enough to use a manual grinder.
Start with coarse sandpaper and finish with the finest. After the floorwell cycled, wax mastic is applied with a wide brush. After complete drying, the floor is rubbed with a stiff brush.
Wooden floors under a protective layer of wax mastic retain the ability to "breathe", but require constant, thorough maintenance. The varnish completely clogs the pores of the tree, but is very practical to use. It is preferable to apply it with a roller, and with a brush to process only the corners of the room. At least two coats are required.
