Disputes between skeptics and optimists about who should and how to lay bricks have been going on for a long time. The former choose the expensive services of professionals. The second, gaining patience and experience, do everything themselves.
Simply complex
Before starting work, you should prepare the tool. You will need: a trowel or trowel, a cord, a tape measure, a small hammer, a longer level, as a rule, and the masonry material itself. Blocks are laid on a solution of sand, cement and water, combined in certain proportions. If the amount of work is large and will be carried out by several workers, then it is better to get a concrete mixer for mixing the mortar. If the work is in one hand, then it is not necessary to prepare a lot of solution in advance. The width of a brick wall is always a multiple of half its length. The thickness of a wall in one brick is 25 cm, laying in one and a half bricks is 38 cm, etc. The most important thing in the work is to correctly lay out the first row. It is laid out along a stretched lacing and the work is checked by a rule or level. The lacing is attached to the nails tied to its ends, into the solution between the rows of blocks in the corners. Having chosen the type of masonry, first the corners are brought up several rows up. To check themevenness apply a plumb line, level. It is important to ligate the sutures. This will increase the strength of the wall by evenly distributing the load over the entire surface of the wall. It is produced by shifting the upper row relative to the lower one so that the seams on the lower row overlap the center of the upper brick.
Types of masonry
Laying walls or dressing is done with spoon and poke rows. In the spoon rows, the blocks are laid parallel to the wall, in the bond rows - across. It looks like this: several longitudinal rows (spoon), after one - tychkovy. This is what multi-row dressing looks like, single-row dressing implies a simple alternation of rows. The three-row system allows coincidence at the seams of the three rows up, the fourth row must necessarily overlap the seam with itself. Bandaging is required on the first and last rows, as well as at the locations of the windows. Before laying a brick, it is necessary to correctly place it along the elevated surface. In order to spend less time moving behind a brick, it is placed on a wall or along a wall. When laying a brick on a wall, it is placed a little further than the working area, this will not create problems when laying for the next row. If there is no experience, and you do not know how to lay a brick correctly, you can practice. Lay out a couple of rows without using mortar, following all the rules.
There are several methods for laying bricks:
1. Solid masonry - is performed in spoon and bond rows. They differ in the ligation system. The largeststrength is achieved when dressing in one row.
2. Lightweight - consists of two parallel half-brick walls in thickness. The voids between them are filled with insulation or concrete. With the help of reinforcement or diaphragms, the walls are tied together during installation.
3. Reinforced - it can be transverse or longitudinal, it increases the load-bearing qualities of walls under heavy loads on them. Use a rectangular grid or in the form of a zigzag on every fifth row of masonry. The seams with this method are four cm wider than with conventional masonry.
The last - decorative - the alignment of all seams vertically from the street side, multi-row dressing is carried out from the inside. The second way: using material of different colors.
