The sewerage system in private homes today is being equipped by many owners of suburban areas. Such engineering communications can, of course, significantly improve the quality of life in a low-rise building.
You need to design a sewer system for a country house correctly. Otherwise, odors from such a network will penetrate into the living quarters. In country houses above one floor, when assembling utilities of this type, among other things, a ventilation valve for the sewer (aerator) is usually used.
Application benefits
Modern devices of this type have come to replace the traditional, widely used in previous years, fan ventilation pipes. Valves of this type cost literally a penny. At the same time, in comparison with traditional fan pipes, they also have many advantages.
Reviews on ventilation valves for sewers from owners of houses and apartmentsthere are good ones also because of the following benefits:
- small sizes;
- easy to install.
Besides this, unlike the ventilation pipe, birds cannot get into such a device. When using a vacuum device, nothing is displayed on the roof of the house at all. Ventilation valves for sewerage are usually installed in the attic of the building. That is, the owner of the house does not need to perform complex work on laying a pipe through a ramp.
Main purpose
As you know, the pipes of the internal sewerage in country houses are connected to one vertical riser. It is he who is the main element of engineering systems of this type. From below, an external street drain of the house is connected to the riser in the sewer networks. The top of such a pipe, according to the regulations, is not closed with plugs.
Sometimes, with intensive use of the drain network at home in various plumbing fixtures, a water seal breaks. As a result, unpleasant sewer odors begin to enter the premises. To prevent this from happening, a vacuum valve is used. If it is present, even with the most active use of the network by the residents of the house, the water seals in sinks, bathtubs and toilets do not break.
Design
With intensive use of the sewer, the water in the riser begins to draw air into it very strongly. As a result, a significant vacuum can be created in the cavity of this pipe, it is easierin other words, a vacuum. It is because of this that in plumbing fixtures, hydraulic locks are disrupted under pressure.
Vent valves for sewerage are structurally composed of:
- shells with side window covered with mesh;
- heat insulator layer;
- diaphragm or one or two mushroom rods;
- adapter.
The lattice on the window of such valves is provided so that insects do not get inside their body. This item is usually made of plastic.
Working principle
Valve diaphragm or stems at neutral or positive pressure remain motionless. If, during the descent of water in the riser, a vacuum occurs, they open. As a result, air from the street begins to flow into the pipe. Accordingly, the pressure in it is equalized. Immediately after this happens, the diaphragm of the riser closes again under the action of gravity. As a result of the failure of the water seals, no odors penetrate the premises of the house.
On the market today, there are both powerful valves designed for the entire sewer network as a whole, and small ones installed on a separate plumbing fixture, for example, a sink.
What else is it for
Another function of the sewer vent valve is to prevent clogging of pipes. If there is a plug in the network, positive pressure is created in the sewer system during the descent of water. Air in this caseon the contrary, trying to get to the top.
The vacuum valve diaphragm remains closed. As a result, a pressurized plug in the system can simply be pushed out, for example, into a sink.
How to choose a valve
When buying such a device, first of all, you should pay attention to such a characteristic as bandwidth. This indicator for modern models can be 32-47 l / s at a negative pressure of 250 Pa. The more branched and dimensional the sewerage system is used in the house, the more powerful for it, of course, you should also buy a valve.
Fixture sizes
Also, when buying this device, of course, you need to pay attention to the diameter of its outlet. At the moment, the industry produces such devices for 40-110 mm. The largest vacuum attachments are designed for installation on risers. After all, it is precisely this diameter that pipes of this variety usually have in country houses. The ventilation valve for sewerage 110 mm in this case is just perfect. The smallest devices of this type are mounted under the sinks through a tee with accession to the lounger.
Installation rules
On the riser, such devices are supposed to be installed high enough. In any case, without exception, plumbing fixtures should be located in the house below it. In most cases, as already mentioned, such devices are mounted in the attic.
Among other things, when tapping, you shouldcomply with the following standards for the installation of general-purpose ventilation valves in the sewerage system:
- the device should be located at a height of at least 350 mm from the floor level of the room (and preferably on a pipe 1 m long);
- mounting the device is allowed on horizontal sections of the system, but strictly in a vertical position;
- in apartment buildings, valves are allowed to be installed no higher than the 6th floor;
- all connections of such a device with the elements of the sewage system should be as tight as possible.
In most cases, general house vacuum valves are mounted on the riser. But sometimes they are still installed in other parts of the system. Doing so is permitted by law. But in this last case, it is recommended to mount the device closer to the riser than all plumbing fixtures available in the house.
Important
Installation of sewer valves, according to the regulations, is supposed to be in rooms equipped with a ventilation system. It is impossible to install such devices in an unheated attic. The air temperature in the room where the device is installed must always remain positive.
If the attic in the house is not heated, the installation of a sewer ventilation valve can be done directly in the house, in the room where the main plumbing fixtures are located. In this case, the device should also be located above the latter. Otherwise, the valve will perform its functions inefficiently.
How to install
The ventilation valve for the sewer cuts into the system in the same way as any other fittings - bends, elbows, etc. Under the sink, for example, such devices are installed using a 45-degree tee. In this case, the valve itself is inserted into a vertically located pipe of such a fitting, and the siphon is connected to the second branch. The tee in this case is selected in accordance with the diameter of the valve nozzle.
Under the sink, as already mentioned, small vacuum devices are usually installed. There are many options for such devices by manufacturers today. For example, the owner of an apartment or house has the opportunity to purchase a 40mm sewer ventilation valve with a tee. When using such a device, installation under the sink can be done in just 5-10 minutes. Indeed, in this case, the owner of the house will not have to pick up consumables at all.
Large valves are installed using approximately the same technology. When installing them both directly on the pipe and through a tee, it is necessary to ensure that the membrane is in a strictly horizontal position. The valve itself in this case should be selected in accordance with the diameter of the riser.
Small valves usually just fit tightly into the tee socket. When mounting large devices of this type, threaded connections can also be used in some cases. This method of installing the valve is considered more reliable. In this case, threads are pre-cut on the nozzle of the device and in the pipe.
Whenusing a simple socket method of installation, a sealing cuff is pre-installed in a branch of a tee or in a riser. This device will subsequently seal the joint between the valve and the pipe or fitting.
Expert Tips
Many companies produce vacuum valves these days. Some of the devices of this type available on the market today are sometimes, unfortunately, of poor quality. For example, in ventilation valves for sewage 50 mm (and in large ones too), the stem sometimes lets air through. This is usually due to poor-quality smelting of the hat of such a fungus. Valves are usually inexpensive. A low-quality device, of course, can be simply replaced with a new one. However, if you wish, you can try to repair a low-quality valve yourself. You can fix a stem cap defect, for example, using a conventional sealant.
In this case, the gasket is first removed from the fungus. Next, wipe the rod with a clean damp cloth. Then sealant is applied to the bottom of the cap and the gasket is put back on. You can start installing the valve improved in this way in a few hours. But it's better to wait a day. Beforehand, the device should be disassembled and make sure that the stem does not stick to the walls of the socket.
Large fixtures of this type, for example, ventilation valves for sewerage HL (900, 901, 905, etc.) before installation on the riser, experienced craftsmen are advised to check for leaks. To do this, in the valve, for example, you canpump up air and coat it with soapy water. Cracks on the body of the device will immediately become noticeable.
Before installing the valve on the riser, experienced craftsmen advise to turn off the water in the house. Forgetfulness of any of the residents when installing such a device can lead to a flood. At the final stage, it is also recommended to check the tightness of the joint between the valve and the riser. The presence of gaps in this area may cause the vacuum device to fail to function.
