Buying factory samples of heaters is quite expensive, not everyone can afford this step. Therefore, quite often the question of how to make a heater with your own hands pops up. It is worth saying that this is much easier to do than it seems at first glance. In addition, there are several options for manufacturing such a device.
Local heating
The simplest samples are equipment that is designed for local heating. The maximum temperature they can produce is 40 degrees Celsius.
The vast majority of homemade devices of this type are directional infrared emitters, as well as electric radiators. The usual single-phase network with a voltage of 220 V acts as a power source for such small devices. It is also worth noting that although it is quite simple to answer the question of how to make a heater with your own hands, you need to have some knowledge of electrical engineering and wiring. Otherwise, the assembly can become much more difficult, as you will have to deal with all the nuances ofas the work progresses.
Assembly of compact thermal film. Work materials
The basis of a self-made heater of this type will be two pieces of glass. Two 4 x 6 cm rectangles can act as these elements. It is worth noting here that both the length and width can be changed if necessary. However, you must adhere to the rule that the area of \u200b\u200bthe working space should be about 25 cm. In order to create such a compact installation, you must have the following materials:
- two-core copper cable and multimeter;
- paraffin candle and wooden beam;
- pliers, glue, sealant;
- napkin and sanitary buds.
Before starting work, you need to add a plug to the cable.
Getting Started
The first step is to deal with glass processing. Using a napkin, it must be cleaned of dirt, debris and other unnecessary elements. After that, the surface is degreased on both sides, and after that the rectangles are dried. Completely cleaned workpieces must be cooled. This is done so that the carbon deposits settle better on the glass surface during the next firing.
Next, you need to install a singed candle in a candlestick. The next step is to take each piece of glass in turn with pliers and gently hold it over the candle until soot appears on the surface. Need to doso that the soot is evenly distributed over the entire surface. It is this part that will conduct the current. Also here you need to pay attention to the fact that making a heater with your own hands in this way will not work right away. The fact is that periodically you will have to let the glass cool down so that it does not crack. After the firing process is over, you need to take a hygienic stick, gently wipe it along the contour, retreating from the edge by about 5 mm.
Checking power and finishing assembly
The rest of the glass that remains fired must be covered with glue. A pre-cut piece of foil is placed on top of a uniform layer of glue. The cleaned strips in this case will act as terminals to which the wires will be connected.
Similar actions are carried out with the second glass, after which both elements are connected to each other. In order to make the structure airtight, it is necessary to coat all the ends of the connected parts with sealant. Next, it’s worth moving on to what you need to determine the power of the device. For this, a tester is used, which is used to measure the resistance of the carbon coating. The probes of the multimeter must be applied to the hanging pieces of foil. The data to be received is used in the formula:
N=I2 x R, where N is power, I is current, and R is resistance.
It is important to note here that the power should not exceed 1.2 watts. If the soot layer is too thin, then itresistance can exceed 120 ohms, in which case it must be made a little thicker. If the values are within the normal range, then you can proceed to the final stage.
It lies in the fact that the edges free from soot are smeared with glue, hanging pieces of foil are glued to them. The design is installed on a wooden plane, and the foil and glass source itself is connected to a 12-volt power source. Do-it-yourself compact heater is ready.
Panel made from remnants of the infrared floor
It's a good idea to make a garage wall heater, for example, from leftover infrared tape, which is usually used to create underfloor heating.
It is worth noting that IR film consumes much less energy than any other electrical heating devices. In order to heat a room, for example, 2 x 2 m, you need only 1 m of carbon film system.
In order to do all the work, you will need to have on hand a foil substrate for the infrared floor, the film itself, wire (0, 75), as well as a thermostat or a socket with a timer and bituminous tape. The second stage is that it is necessary to cut the infrared film to the required dimensions. When you make an infrared heater with your own hands, you need to know that you can cut them only along white stripes. It is impossible to cross the black stripes or cut across. The device has a clamp to which you need to connect the wire. However, it will be larger than the diameter of the wire, becausewill have to prepare for it. After the insulation is cleared from 10 to 15 cm, it is bent in half, then in half again, twisted into a bundle, and then crimped with pliers.
Finishing the wall heater
Tightly twisted and sealed wire is inserted into the clamp. Further, to assemble an infrared heater with your own hands, the clamp with the wire is connected to the current-carrying copper wire element. To do this, the edge of the transparent shell is detached from the back. It is very important to carefully isolate everything after work so that the film does not spark during contact, and also does not become a threat during its own work.
Materials for fan heater
This device is another kind of local heating device. It's great for heating your garage. A do-it-yourself heater of this type is made in about a couple of hours. This, in principle, is its main advantage. The disadvantage of the design is that it burns oxygen during operation, and sometimes a burning smell is possible.
The case for this device is a tin can 20 cm high and 10 cm in diameter. In addition to the can, you need to have some other materials on hand:
- diode bridge and 12 volt transformer;
- nichrome wire and fan;
- Puncher, soldering iron, fan from the computer.
Assembly work
Two blanks are pre-cut from the textolite, which areThe size fits the bank. To operate and switch modes, you will need an electrical cable and a switch with a button. The foil is removed from the textolite and the inner part is cut out in such a way as to obtain a kind of frame.
The ends of the nichrome wire are placed in the prepared holes. An electrical cable is connected to those ends that are inside. There is such a parameter as the current density, which appears in nichrome electric spirals in contact with air, and is 12-18A/mm2. A transformer and a diode bridge are needed in order to supply power to the cooler. In order to be able to adjust the temperature, you will have to mount at least two different spirals. It is worth saying that if you connect them in parallel to each other, then if one burns out, the second will not suffer. The only thing that is very important is that the manufactured spiral no longer touches any surface other than textolite.
Powerful designs. Oil heater
It is possible to create an oil heater with your own hands. This device will belong to more powerful and larger devices. The principle of operation of this device is based on the use of a heating element. In order to be able to adjust smoothly, a rheostat or a discrete switch is usually added to the device. To assemble the device, you need to prepare the following materials:
- For a room with an area of, for example, 10 squares, a heating element with a capacity of 1 kW is enough.
- AsThe body design uses a strong and sealed container, which will not allow oil leakage.
- It is necessary to purchase heat-resistant and clean oil, the volume of which will be equal to 85% of the total volume of the tank.
- You will need devices for control and automation. They must be selected according to the maximum power of the device.
Assembly recommendations
When assembling a do-it-yourself heater of this type, you need to pay attention to some important points:
- It is best to place the heater either at the bottom or at the side of the structure. They are fixed with screws. This is justified by the fact that such an arrangement will improve the circulation of oil in the device. In addition, it must not touch the body under any circumstances.
- To put the device into operation, you need to achieve natural convection of the liquid. To achieve this, you need to install an electric drive and a pump. To fix the pump to the tank, you need to weld small plates.
- It is very important not to forget to leave a hole with a valve, which is intended for emergency oil discharge. The pumps must be installed from below in the corner pieces.
- Electric corrosion often occurs in such devices. To avoid this shortcoming, it is necessary to take into account the compatibility of the metal for the body and the heating element.
- This device is powerful enough, therefore it must be grounded.
Do-it-yourself winter tent heater
Hiking and winter fishing enthusiasts clearly need a compact device forheating a temporary shelter. A paraffin candle will be used as a heat source. For its manufacture, an oil filter from the machine is used. Why is a do-it-yourself tent heater made from such a filter? Because the device is almost ready, and you don't have to do anything.
The case consists of only two parts - the bottom and the lid. The bottom is initially almost ready, it has the right hole for air suction. You just need to add 4 small holes for attaching the legs. In order to create an outlet for hot air, you need to add one hole with a diameter of 4 mm in the lid. Thus, it will be possible to achieve the desired convection. Next, you need to do the internal parts. Almost all of them are ready in advance, you only need to add a galvanized iron cover. Such a device is an excellent hand warmer for winter fishing, for example. After 15 minutes, its surface will be hot enough.
12-Volt Heater
A homemade fan is a fairly simple and safe device for heating, especially if you use a 12 volt power source. A do-it-yourself heater of this type is made from ordinary hollow red brick. For this, a one and a half copy with a thickness of 88 mm is best suited. However, you can also use double with a thickness of 125 mm. The most important thing here is that the voids are through, as well as the same.
Working spirals for this device are nichrome blanks. On one side, these nichrome spirals will warm up, and on the other side, they will blow through. It is best to connect all the spirals installed in the brick in parallel. So it will be very convenient to regulate the heating, turning off or turning on additional spirals.
DIY gas heater
It is worth saying that powerful gas heaters that have catalytic afterburning of fuel are very expensive, but at the same time they are very economical and efficient. These are their main advantages. It is almost impossible to create such devices with your own hands, since their device is quite complicated. For these reasons, different tourists, hunters or anglers use their compact versions. These are low-power heaters-afterburners, which are used as an attachment for a camp stove. They are suitable for heating a tent, for example.
