For smooth operation of engines without jumps, speed controllers are used. Models are available for 12, 24 and 220 V. The principle of operation of the equipment is based on changing the clock frequency of the engine. According to the type of construction, thyristor, transformer, pulse and triac modifications are distinguished.
According to the installation method, stationary and mobile devices are distinguished. Also on the market you can find built-in modifications. In order to understand the models in more detail, you should consider the standard regulator circuit.
Model diagram
A conventional DC motor speed controller includes a step-down type transformer and a rotary controller. Rectifiers are used with a bank of capacitors. The bandwidth fluctuates around 5.5 microns. If we talk about modifications to 12 V, then they use a kenotron. In this case, insulators are installed for the safe operation of the equipment.
Make a device with your own hands
Make a speed controller with your own hands prettysimply. First of all, a controller is selected for it. The easiest way for a DC motor is to use rotary modifications. In stores, they are sold immediately with modulators. The transformer is installed with high bandwidth. After that, it is important to deal with insulators. A dinistor is used to control the AC motor.
Thyristor regulators
Thyristor motor speed controller, as a rule, is produced with a high bandwidth. In this case, rectifiers are used operational type. In some models, modulators are installed. Their sensitivity index depends on the output voltage of the motor. Stabilizers in many devices with protection system.
The maximum allowable temperature of regulators is 45 degrees. Expanders are only used for AC motors. It is also important to note that there are modifications on resistors on the market. Their distinctive feature is long service life. However, it should be noted that such models are quite expensive.
Frequency controllers
Frequency speed controller can only be operated in an alternating current circuit. Contacts in this case are output to modulators. The device bandwidth parameter is 3.5 microns. The rectifier is installed operational type. Many manufacturers make devices with a protection system. The allowable overload indicator fluctuates around 3 A. In this case, controllers are usedrotary type. Digital modifications with displays are also sold on the market. Some devices are equipped with double insulators for protection.
Transformer Regulators
Transformer speed controller, as a rule, is produced for powerful engines. Relays for models are used high-voltage type. Directly rectifiers are used with capacitor units. Many modifications have transceivers. They are needed to lower the clock frequency.
Expanders in the models are coded and commutated type. Resistors are used with lining. For self-assembly of the model, you cannot do without a high-quality controller. In this case, it is problematic to assemble electronic modifications on your own. It is also important to note that pushbutton controllers are rarely used. However, they are good for three-stroke engines.
Pulse modifications
The pulse-type speed controller is operated with AC motors of various capacities. Rectifiers in devices are used operational type. The transmittance of the models is at the level of 4 microns. In this case, the output voltage of the modification depends on the engine power. Modulators are available in both orthogonal and capacitorless types.
Expanders are missing in many models. It is also important to note that output pins are used to connect devices. Stabilizers are installed only in devices with repeat controllers. Electronic modifications of this type onare rare on the market. It is quite difficult to assemble the model yourself.
Triac types of regulators
Triac regulators are quite common. They work on the principle of phase change of frequency. To date, there are many homemade devices. They are created on the basis of a capacitorless modulator with a relay. Resistors are used both trimmer and pulse type.
Transceivers, as a rule, are absent in this type of regulators. It is also important to note that stabilizers of various sensitivities are installed for powerful models. On average, the current conductivity parameter is no more than 5 microns.
Fan models
Fan units can be operated on AC or DC power. The operating frequency of the circuit does not exceed 55 Hz. In this case, triac modifications are equipped with rectifier relays. Expanders are often used in code type. Transformer modifications are also used for fans. The operating frequency parameter of the circuit in this case does not exceed 50 Hz. To connect the speed controller, output contacts are installed.
12V devices
12V regulators are often made in the frequency type. Devices with rotary controllers are made on the basis of building resistors. On average, the current conductivity indicator does not exceed 5 microns. In this case, the sensitivity of the relay depends on the engine power. Rectifiers are often used on-line. Some modifications are equipped with open-type resistors.
If we consider models with push-button controllers, then they always use a frequency kenotron. These overload devices are capable of withstanding a maximum of 4 A. However, in this case, much depends on the manufacturer.
Modifications for 24 V
For collector and asynchronous motors suitable for 24V speed controller. The device diagram includes modular type controllers. If we consider transformer modifications, then they have a relay, as well as a capacitor unit. Transistors are used, as a rule, of a broadband type. Some models use dinistors to lower the frequency.
Regulators are connected via output contacts. It is also important to note that there are many electronic modifications on the market. There are also built-in devices that are distinguished by their compactness. Most models do not have stabilizers.
220 V devices
Modifications for 220 V are most often of the impulse type. These devices are suitable for synchronous modifications. Such models can work in a DC circuit. The operating frequency of the system does not exceed 60 Hz. In this case, the current conductivity depends on the sensitivity of the relay. Rectifiers are used most often of the operational type. Controllers are used both rotary and push-button type. It is also important to note that there are many mobile modifications on the market. They use thyristorssemiconductor type. On average, the conductivity indicator is 6 microns. In this case, dinistors are used with insulators.
HL-FS 1.6 Regulators
The indicated speed controller of the collector motor is made on the basis of a step-down transformer. The throughput of the model is 5.7 microns. The relay is missing in this case. Directly rectifiers are used operational type. The regulator has no transceivers. To lower the operating frequency, a kenotron is used.
In this case, the sensitivity of the modification depends on the engine power. The degree of protection is provided by IP 35. It is also important to note that the speed controller of the HL-FS 1.6 collector motor is able to withstand large current overloads. The minimum allowable temperature is -10 degrees.
Bahcivan BSC/2 Regulators
The Bahcivan BSC/2 fan speed controller is sold with a single pole transceiver. A feature of this model can be called a high-quality expander. Directly lowering the operating frequency occurs due to the kenotron. The engine speed is regulated very smoothly.
If we talk about the parameters, then the current overload of the system is 3.5 A. In this case, the fan speed controller has a capacity of 5.3 microns.
