For industrial and artistic painting of walls, ceilings, floors, furniture in it, as well as window and door structures, water-based paint is most often used. Water-based paint, the technical characteristics of which provide a stable and high-quality color to the coating, is highly environmentally friendly and does not have a toxic effect on living organisms.
Principles of forming a protective composition of water-based paint
The name of a water-based (water-dispersion) paint comes from the presence of a suspension of pigments in its water base, which together form an emulsion. Dispersed elements are not mixed with the aquatic environment, but are created and exist in parallel with it.
Thus, water-based paint consists of filler, thickener, latex and antiseptic.
Polymer particles form an even color layer after water dries on the surface. The wet paint is easily removed by hand, and its layer does not have an unpleasant odor. Paint resistant to mechanicalexposure, however, it is not applied to metal surfaces to avoid corrosion from the presence of constant moisture.
Main technical characteristics of water-based paint
Aqueous emulsion paint, whose technical characteristics are viscosity, consumption, specific gravity and drying time, has stable production performance, is optimally suited for the treatment of interior surfaces of residential premises.
The degree of dilution of the coloring mass with water is indicated by the viscosity index, measured with a viscometer.
The consumption of emulsion paint directly depends on the absorbency of the receiving surface and ranges from 100 to 200 milliliters per square meter of surface, painted over with a layer of paint one millimeter thick.
The specific gravity of water-based paint is about 1.3 kilograms per liter.
The drying time of water-based paint depends on humidity and air temperature and ranges from two hours to a day. The optimum drying conditions are +20 degrees Celsius and 65% humidity.
The shelf life of emulsion paint largely depends on its storage conditions (ideally a cool dark place) and averages 24 months.
The characteristics of water-dispersion paint are fully reflected in the data of GOST 28196-89.
GOST specifications
Water-based paint, the technical characteristics (GOST) of which are registered under the number 28196-89, is called water-dispersion paint, represented by suspensions of pigments and fillers enclosed in an aqueous dispersion of synthetic polymers, to which various excipients are added, such as an emulsifier, stabilizer and others.
GOST 28196-89 replaced the obsolete GOST 19214-80, GOST 20833-75, TU 6-10-1260-87, TU 6-10-2031-85, TU 6-10-2054-86, TU 6-10-2081-86 concerning paints and varnishes. All water-dispersion paints are fireproof, and their production and operation are possible only in ventilated rooms.
According to GOST, their transportation and storage must be carried out in sealed containers at temperatures above 0 degrees, but a short-term drop in temperature to -40 degrees within one month is allowed.
Water-based paint, the technical characteristics of which provide its light-reflecting properties, is tested for light fastness at the factory - an experimental piece is placed under a special lamp for 24 hours, then for 2 hours in complete darkness, and then compared with expert samples.
Features of using VEAK water-dispersion paint
Water-based paint VEAK, the technical characteristics of which are among the most necessary for safe and fast work in the space of residential premises, is optimally adapted forhome repair.
It has a white color and a set of additional pigments, with which you can get any desired color.
In each case, the surfaces to be painted must be perfectly smooth and dry - in such conditions, the consumption of HAEK will be less than 150 grams per square meter. It is excellent to lay down on old and already painted surfaces, because it has a latex base and dries within 4 hours.
Since VEAK is water-based acrylic paint, the technical characteristics allow dilution with water, but not more than 10 percent of the main volume. Chemical thinners must not be used. The properties of the paint make it possible to wash the surfaces painted with it with warm water, but the tools should be cleaned of it immediately after work is completed.
Under optimal conditions, the painted surface does not lose color and strength for 7 years.
Features of using polyvinyl acetate paint
Polyvinyl acetate water-based paint is similar in quality and service life, as well as the application mechanism, the technical characteristics of which allow it to be used in painting not only the internal surfaces of the building, but also cardboard, plywood, drywall and wood.
Polyvinyl acetate paint is fire resistant, but extremely afraid of temperature differences and high humidity. This paint is water-based, the technical characteristics of which allow it to be used as a surface finish, and thanks to which it dries completely in two hours.
Consumption of polyvinyl acetateemulsion paint is about 200 milliliters per square meter; to paint over stains, you will have to apply it in several layers. Higher consumption compared to other types of paints and the specifics of the composition make it more expensive in cost.
Specific features of water-based paint "Tex"
When choosing the type and company of a paint and varnish product, you should also pay attention to the Tex water-based paint. It is a silicone-modified acrylate-based viscous liquid, characterized by snow-white luster, moderate consumption and ease of application. A full range of colors is produced for her.
Water-based paint "Tex", the technical characteristics of which allow it to be applied to brick, concrete, wooden surfaces, is used to treat walls and ceilings; it forms a practical matt film on the plane, allowing air to circulate freely between the thickness of the paint and the surface material. However, the main and obvious disadvantage of the "Tex" paint is its heat sensitivity - the air in the room when using it should be warmer than +5 degrees Celsius.
General principles for the care and cleaning of surfaces coated with water-dispersion paint
Any water-based paint - washable; the technical characteristics of this paint allow not only to easily and quickly apply the material on a vertical or horizontal surface with a roller and brush, but also afterwipe this surface with a damp cloth for a long time.
To clean building tools and clothes from such paint, soap suds are also used (for polyvinyl acetate suspensions); acrylic emulsion paint must first be damaged with a spatula - for faster removal, the desired area of \u200b\u200bthe painted surface is first pasted over with paper or newspapers, planting them on jelly-like starch or ordinary wallpaper glue.
It is possible to clean areas of the surface from acrylic paint using a building hair dryer and a spatula - burning fragments of the surface and removing them with a blade.
Chemical solvents are also suitable for removing water-based paint, having a gradual destructive effect, but they emit an unpleasant odor and are toxic to the body.
Several recommendations for the use of water-dispersion paints
Before working with water-based paint, it is necessary to level, plaster and, if necessary, putty all surfaces. Despite the environmental friendliness of the paint, you still need to prepare goggles, a respirator and gloves for work.
A can of paint is shaken, its contents are mixed and diluted with water according to the instructions. The paint is applied to the putty walls in three layers, on the wallpaper - in one. The paint is applied in parallel stripes from the window to the wall. Application tools include brushes, rollers, spatulas andspray guns.
